Parodos

Euripides (480 BC–406 BC), translated by Gilbert Murray · 1905

iambic tetrameter · 134 lines · from Electra

(The two men retire into ambush. ELECTRA enters, returning from the well.)

ELECTRA.Onward, O labouring tread,As on move the years;Onward amid thy tears,O happier dead!

Let me remember. I am she,Agamemnon's child, and the mother of meClytemnestra, the evil Queen,Helen's sister. And folk, I ween,That pass in the streets call yet my nameElectra.... God protect my shame!For toil, toil is a weary thing,And life is heavy about my head;And thou far off, O Father and King,In the lost lands of the dead.A bloody twain made these things be;One was thy bitterest enemy,And one the wife that lay by thee.

Brother, brother, on some far shoreHast thou a city, is there a doorThat knows thy footfall, Wandering One?Who left me, left me, when all our painWas bitter about us, a father slain,And a girl that wept in her room alone.Thou couldst break me this bondage sore,Only thou, who art far away,Loose our father, and wake once more....Zeus, Zeus, dost hear me pray?...The sleeping blood and the shame and the doom!O feet that rest not, over the foamOf distant seas, come home, come home!

What boots this cruse that I carry?O, set free my brow!For the gathered tears that tarryThrough the day and the dark till now,Now in the dawn are free,Father, and flow beneathThe floor of the world, to beAs a song in she house of Death:From the rising up of the dayThey guide my heart alway,The silent tears unshed,And my body mourns for the dead;My cheeks bleed silently,And these bruised temples keepTheir pain, remembering theeAnd thy bloody sleep.

Be rent, O hair of mine head!

As a swan crying aloneWhere the river windeth cold,For a loved, for a silent one,Whom the toils of the fowler hold,I cry, Father, to thee,O slain in misery!

The water, the wan water,Lapped him, and his headDrooped in the bed of slaughterLow, as one wearièd;Woe for the edgèd axe,And woe for the heart of hate,Houndlike about thy tracks,O conqueror desolate,From Troy over land and sea,Till a wife stood waiting thee;Not with crowns did she stand,Nor flowers of peace in her hand;With Aegisthus' dagger drawnFor her hire she strove,Through shame and through blood alone;And won her a traitor's love.

(As she ceases there enter from right and left the CHORUS, consisting of women of Argos, young and old, in festal dress.)

CHORUS. Some Women.Child of the mighty dead,Electra, lo, my wayTo thee in the dawn hath sped,And the cot on the mountain grey,For the Watcher hath cried this day:He of the ancient folk,The walker of waste and hill,Who drinketh the milk of the flock;And he told of Hera's will;For the morrow's morrow nowThey cry her festival,And before her throne shall bowOur damsels all.

ELECTRA.Not unto joy, nor sweetMusic, nor shining of gold,The wings of my spirit beat.Let the brides of Argos holdTheir dance in the night, as of old;I lead no dance; I markNo beat as the dancers sway;With tears I dwell in the dark,And my thought is of tears alway,To the going down of the day.Look on my wasted hairAnd raiment.... This that I bear,Is it meet for the King my sire,And her whom the King begot?For Troy, that was burned with fireAnd forgetteth not?

CHORUS. Other Women.Hera is great!--Ah, come,Be kind; and my hand shall bringFair raiment, work of the loom,And many a golden thing,For joyous robe-wearing.Deemest thou this thy woeShall rise unto God as prayer,Or bend thine haters low?Doth God for thy pain have care?Not tears for the dead nor sighs,But worship and joy divineShall win thee peace in thy skies,O daughter mine!

ELECTRA.No care cometh to GodFor the voice of the helpless; noneFor the crying of ancient blood.Alas for him that is gone,And for thee, O wandering one:That now, methinks, in a landOf the stranger must toil for hire,And stand where the poor men stand,A-cold by another's fire,O son of the mighty sire:While I in a beggar's cotOn the wrecked hills, changing not,Starve in my soul for food;But our mother lieth wedIn another's arms, and bloodIs about her bed.

Words in this poem 15
labouring a.
That labors; performing labor; esp., performing coarse, heavy work, not requiring skill also, set apart for labor; as, laboring days.
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
folk n.
In Anglo-Saxon times, the people of a group of townships or villages; a community; a tribe. [AS. folc; akin to D. volk, OS. & OHG. folk, G. volk, Icel. f, Sw. & Dan. folk, Lith. pulkas crowd, and perh. to E. follow.]
ween v. i.
To think; to imagine; to fancy. [OE. wenen, AS. w, fr. w hope, expectation, opinion; akin to D. waan, OFries. w, OS. & OHG. wan, G. wahn delusion, Icel. van hope, expectation, Goth. w, and D. w]
twain a.
Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
footfall n.
A setting down of the foot; a footstep; the sound of a footstep.
unshed a.
Not parted or divided, as the hair.
fowler n.
A sportsman who pursues wild fowl, or takes or kills for food.
festal a.
Of or pertaining to a holiday or a feast; joyous; festive. [L. festum holiday, feast. See feast.]
watcher n.
One who watches; one who sits up or continues; a diligent observer; specifically, one who attends upon the sick during the night.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
methinks v.
It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Parodos is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Electra of Euripides, translated into English rhyming verse by Gilbert Murray, Project Gutenberg ebook #14322, the Gilbert Murray translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Euripides, Parodos, in Electra (1905), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/euripides-electra/parodos.html, id L28811.

Form and metre

Parodos is 134 lines in 13 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 80%).

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 -ABBA electra · treadA · yearsB · tearsB · deadA
  2. 3 AABBCCDEDEA-A sheA · meA · queenB · weenB · nameC · shameC · thingD · headE · kingD · deadE · beA · enemy · theeA
  3. 4 AA-BB-ACAC-DD shoreA · doorA · one · painB · slainB · alone · soreA · awayC · moreA · prayC · doom · foamD · homeD
  4. 5 ABABC-C------DCD carryA · browB · tarryA · nowB · freeC · beneath · beC · death · day · alway · unshed · dead · silently · keepD · theeC · sleepD
  5. 7 -A-A-- alone · coldA · one · holdA · thee · misery
  6. 8 A-A-BCBCDDEE---- waterA · head · slaughterA · wearièd · axeB · hateC · tracksB · desolateC · seaD · theeD · standE · handE · drawn · strove · alone · love
  7. 10 -ABABB-C-CDCDC women · deadA · wayB · spedA · greyB · dayB · folk · hillC · flock · willC · nowD · festivalC · bowD · allC
  8. 11 -ABABBCDC-DEEF-F- electra · sweetA · goldB · beatA · holdB · oldB · markC · swayD · darkC · alway · dayD · hairE · bearE · sireF · begot · fireF · not
  9. 12 --A-AABCBCDEDE women · come · bringA · loom · thingA · wearingA · woeB · prayerC · lowB · careC · sighsD · divineE · skiesD · mineE
  10. 13 --AB-ACDCDDEE-FBF electra · god · noneA · bloodB · gone · oneA · landC · hireD · standC · fireD · sireD · cotE · notE · food · wedF · bloodB · bedF
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
(The two men retire into ambush. ELECTRA enters, returning from the well.)20···˘/··/·˘/˘/˘˘/˘···
ELECTRA.3˘/˘
Onward, O labouring tread,7/˘·/˘˘·
As on move the years;5·····
Onward amid thy tears,6/˘˘/··
O happier dead!5·/˘˘·
Let me remember. I am she,8··˘/˘···
Agamemnon's child, and the mother of me11·˘/····/˘··
Clytemnestra, the evil Queen,8·····/˘·
Helen's sister. And folk, I ween,8/˘/˘····
That pass in the streets call yet my name9·········
Electra.... God protect my shame!8˘/˘·˘/··
For toil, toil is a weary thing,8·····/˘·
And life is heavy about my head;9···/˘····
And thou far off, O Father and King,9·····/˘··
In the lost lands of the dead.7·······
A bloody twain made these things be;8·/˘·····
One was thy bitterest enemy,9···/˘˘/˘˘
And one the wife that lay by thee.8········
Brother, brother, on some far shore8/˘/˘····
Hast thou a city, is there a door9···/˘····
That knows thy footfall, Wandering One?9···/·/˘˘·
Who left me, left me, when all our pain10·······/˘·
Was bitter about us, a father slain,10·/˘····/˘·
And a girl that wept in her room alone.10········˘/
Thou couldst break me this bondage sore,8·····/˘·
Only thou, who art far away,8/˘····˘/
Loose our father, and wake once more....9·/˘/˘····
Zeus, Zeus, dost hear me pray?...6······
The sleeping blood and the shame and the doom!10·/˘·······
O feet that rest not, over the foam9·········
Of distant seas, come home, come home!8·/˘·····
What boots this cruse that I carry?8······/˘
O, set free my brow!5·····
For the gathered tears that tarry9··/˘˘··/˘
Through the day and the dark till now,8········
Now in the dawn are free,6······
Father, and flow beneath6/˘····
The floor of the world, to be7·······
As a song in she house of Death:8········
From the rising up of the day8··/˘····
They guide my heart alway,6····/˘
The silent tears unshed,6·/˘·˘/
And my body mourns for the dead;8··/˘····
My cheeks bleed silently,6···/˘˘
And these bruised temples keep6···/˘·
Their pain, remembering thee7··˘/˘˘·
And thy bloody sleep.5··/˘·
Be rent, O hair of mine head!7·······
As a swan crying alone7···/˘˘/
Where the river windeth cold,7··/˘/˘·
For a loved, for a silent one,9···˘··/˘·
Whom the toils of the fowler hold,8·····/˘·
I cry, Father, to thee,6··/˘··
O slain in misery!6···/˘˘
The water, the wan water,7·/˘··/˘
Lapped him, and his head5·····
Drooped in the bed of slaughter7·····/˘
Low, as one wearièd;4····
Woe for the edgèd axe,5·····
And woe for the heart of hate,7·······
Houndlike about thy tracks,6······
O conqueror desolate,7·/˘˘/˘·
From Troy over land and sea,7·······
Till a wife stood waiting thee;7····/˘·
Not with crowns did she stand,6······
Nor flowers of peace in her hand;8·/˘·····
With Aegisthus' dagger drawn7····/˘·
For her hire she strove,6··/˘··
Through shame and through blood alone;7·····˘/
And won her a traitor's love.7····/˘·
(As she ceases there enter from right and left the CHORUS, consisting of women of Argos, young and old, in festal dress.)30··/˘·/˘·····/˘˘/˘·/˘·/˘····/˘·
CHORUS. Some Women.5/˘·/˘
Child of the mighty dead,6···/˘·
Electra, lo, my way6˘/˘···
To thee in the dawn hath sped,7·······
And the cot on the mountain grey,8·····/˘·
For the Watcher hath cried this day:8··/˘····
He of the ancient folk,6···/˘·
The walker of waste and hill,7·/˘····
Who drinketh the milk of the flock;8·/˘·····
And he told of Hera's will;7····/˘·
For the morrow's morrow now7··/˘/˘·
They cry her festival,6···/˘˘
And before her throne shall bow7·······
Our damsels all.5/˘/˘·
ELECTRA.3˘/˘
Not unto joy, nor sweet6······
Music, nor shining of gold,7/˘·/˘··
The wings of my spirit beat.7····/˘·
Let the brides of Argos hold7····/˘·
Their dance in the night, as of old;8········
I lead no dance; I mark6······
No beat as the dancers sway;7····/˘·
With tears I dwell in the dark,7·······
And my thought is of tears alway,8······/˘
To the going down of the day.8··/˘····
Look on my wasted hair6···/˘·
And raiment.... This that I bear,7·/˘····
Is it meet for the King my sire,9·······/˘
And her whom the King begot?7·····˘/
For Troy, that was burned with fire9·····˘·/˘
And forgetteth not?5·˘/˘·
CHORUS. Other Women.6/˘/˘/˘
Hera is great!--Ah, come,6/˘····
Be kind; and my hand shall bring7·······
Fair raiment, work of the loom,7·/˘····
And many a golden thing,7·/˘·/˘·
For joyous robe-wearing.6·/˘·/˘
Deemest thou this thy woe6/˘····
Shall rise unto God as prayer,7·······
Or bend thine haters low?6···/˘·
Doth God for thy pain have care?7·······
Not tears for the dead nor sighs,7·······
But worship and joy divine7·/˘··˘/
Shall win thee peace in thy skies,7·······
O daughter mine!4·/˘·
ELECTRA.3˘/˘
No care cometh to God6··/˘··
For the voice of the helpless; none8·····/˘·
For the crying of ancient blood.8··/˘·/˘·
Alas for him that is gone,7˘/·····
And for thee, O wandering one:8····/˘˘·
That now, methinks, in a land7··˘/···
Of the stranger must toil for hire,9··/˘···/˘
And stand where the poor men stand,7·······
A-cold by another's fire,8···˘/˘/˘
O son of the mighty sire:8····/˘/˘
While I in a beggar's cot7····/˘·
On the wrecked hills, changing not,7····/˘·
Starve in my soul for food;6······
But our mother lieth wed7·/˘/˘··
In another's arms, and blood7·˘/˘···
Is about her bed.5·····

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