The Curse of the Charter-Breakers

John Greenleaf Whittier (1807–1892) · 1865

trochaic tetrameter · AABB · 100 lines · from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform

IN Westminster's royal halls,Robed in their pontificals,England's ancient prelates stoodFor the people's right and good.Closed around the waiting crowd,Dark and still, like winter's cloud;King and council, lord and knight,Squire and yeoman, stood in sight;Stood to hear the priest rehearse,In God's name, the Church's curse,By the tapers round them lit,Slowly, sternly uttering it.

"Right of voice in framing laws,Right of peers to try each cause;Peasant homestead, mean and small,Sacred as the monarch's hall,--

"Whoso lays his hand on these,England's ancient liberties;Whoso breaks, by word or deed,England's vow at Runnymede;

"Be he Prince or belted knight,Whatsoe'er his rank or might,If the highest, then the worst,Let him live and die accursed.

"Thou, who to Thy Church hast givenKeys alike, of hell and heaven,Make our word and witness sure,Let the curse we speak endure!"

Silent, while that curse was said,Every bare and listening headBowed in reverent awe, and thenAll the people said, Amen!

Seven times the bells have tolled,For the centuries gray and old,Since that stoled and mitred bandCursed the tyrants of their land.

Since the priesthood, like a tower,Stood between the poor and power;And the wronged and trodden downBlessed the abbot's shaven crown.

Gone, thank God, their wizard spell,Lost, their keys of heaven and hell;Yet I sigh for men as boldAs those bearded priests of old.

Now, too oft the priesthood waitAt the threshold of the state;Waiting for the beck and nodOf its power as law and God.

Fraud exults, while solemn wordsSanctify his stolen hoards;Slavery laughs, while ghostly lipsBless his manacles and whips.

Not on them the poor rely,Not to them looks liberty,Who with fawning falsehood cowerTo the wrong, when clothed with power.

Oh, to see them meanly cling,Round the master, round the king,Sported with, and sold and bought,--Pitifuller sight is not!

Tell me not that this must beGod's true priest is always free;Free, the needed truth to speak,Right the wronged, and raise the weak.

Not to fawn on wealth and state,Leaving Lazarus at the gate;Not to peddle creeds like wares;Not to mutter hireling prayers;

Nor to paint the new life's blissOn the sable ground of this;Golden streets for idle knave,Sabbath rest for weary slave!

Not for words and works like these,Priest of God, thy mission is;But to make earth's desert glad,In its Eden greenness clad;

And to level manhood bringLord and peasant, serf and king;And the Christ of God to findIn the humblest of thy kind!

Thine to work as well as pray,Clearing thorny wrongs away;Plucking up the weeds of sin,Letting heaven's warm sunshine in;

Watching on the hills of Faith;Listening what the spirit saith,Of the dim-seen light afar,Growing like a nearing star.

God's interpreter art thou,To the waiting ones below;'Twixt them and its light midwayHeralding the better day;

Catching gleams of temple spires,Hearing notes of angel choirs,Where, as yet unseen of them,Comes the New Jerusalem!

Like the seer of Patmos gazing,On the glory downward blazing;Till upon Earth's grateful sodRests the City of our God!

Words in this poem 20
sternly adv.
In a stern manner.
whoso pron.
Whosoever. Piers Plowman.
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
amen interj.
An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So be it. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief. [L. amen, Gr. am certainly, truly.]
stoled a.
Having or wearing a stole.
cursed a.
Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
thank n.
A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. [AS. Þanc, Þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. Þ\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. Þagks thanks; -]
sanctify v. t.
To make sacred or holy; to set apart to a holy or religious use; to consecrate by appropriate rites; to hallow. [F. sanctifier, L. sanctificare; sanctus holy + - ficare (in comp.) to make. See Saint, and -fy.]
ghostly a.
Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual; as, a ghostly confessor. [OE. gastlich, gostlich, AS. gastlic. See Ghost.]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
hireling n.
One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp., one whose motive and interest in serving another are wholly gainful; a mercenary. [AS. h. See Hire, n., and -ling.]
sable n.
A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
knave n.
A boy; especially, a boy servant. Wyclif. [OE., boy, servant, knave, AS. cnafa boy, youth; cf. AS. cnapa boy, youth, D. kna, G. knabe boy, knappe esquire, Icel. knapi, Sw. knape esquire, knäfvel knave.]
eden n.
The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a delightful region or residence. [Heb. eden delight, pleasure; also, a place of pleasure, Eden.]
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
saith
3d pers. sing. pres. of Say.
afar adv.
At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
midway n.
The middle of the way or distance; a middle way or course.
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Curse of the Charter-Breakers is in the public domain. This text is taken from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform, Complete Volume III of The Works of John Greenleaf Whittier, Project Gutenberg ebook #9580; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: John Greenleaf Whittier, The Curse of the Charter-Breakers, in Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform (1865), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9580, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whittier-anti-slavery/the-curse-of-the-charter-breakers.html, id L24882.

Form and metre

The Curse of the Charter-Breakers is 100 lines in 23 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is AABB, complete in 17 of its 23 stanzas. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFF hallsA · pontificalsA · stoodB · goodB · crowdC · cloudC · knightD · sightD · rehearseE · curseE · litF · itF
  2. 2 AABB lawsA · causeA · smallB · hallB
  3. 3 AABB theseA · libertiesA · deedB · runnymedeB
  4. 4 AABB knightA · mightA · worstB · accursedB
  5. 5 --AA given · heaven · sureA · endureA
  6. 6 AABB saidA · headA · thenB · amenB
  7. 7 AABB tolledA · oldA · bandB · landB
  8. 8 AABB towerA · powerA · downB · crownB
  9. 9 AABB spellA · hellA · boldB · oldB
  10. 10 AABB waitA · stateA · nodB · godB
  11. 11 --AA words · hoards · lipsA · whipsA
  12. 12 --AA rely · liberty · cowerA · powerA
  13. 13 AABB clingA · kingA · boughtB · notB
  14. 14 AABB beA · freeA · speakB · weakB
  15. 15 AABB stateA · gateA · waresB · prayersB
  16. 16 AABB blissA · thisA · knaveB · slaveB
  17. 17 --AA these · is · gladA · cladA
  18. 18 AABB bringA · kingA · findB · kindB
  19. 19 AABB prayA · awayA · sinB · inB
  20. 20 AABB faithA · saithA · afarB · starB
  21. 21 --AA thou · below · midwayA · dayA
  22. 22 AABB spiresA · choirsA · themB · jerusalemB
  23. 23 AABB gazingA · blazingA · sodB · godB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
IN Westminster's royal halls,7··/˘/˘·
Robed in their pontificals,8·˘··˘/˘˘
England's ancient prelates stood7/˘/˘/˘·
For the people's right and good.7··/˘···
Closed around the waiting crowd,8·˘···/˘·
Dark and still, like winter's cloud;7····/˘·
King and council, lord and knight,7··/˘···
Squire and yeoman, stood in sight;7··/˘···
Stood to hear the priest rehearse,7·····˘/
In God's name, the Church's curse,7····/˘·
By the tapers round them lit,7··/˘···
Slowly, sternly uttering it.8/˘/˘/˘˘·
"Right of voice in framing laws,7····/˘·
Right of peers to try each cause;7·······
Peasant homestead, mean and small,7/˘/····
Sacred as the monarch's hall,--8/˘˘··/··
"Whoso lays his hand on these,7/˘·····
England's ancient liberties;7/˘/˘/˘˘
Whoso breaks, by word or deed,7/˘·····
England's vow at Runnymede;7/˘·····
"Be he Prince or belted knight,7····/˘·
Whatsoe'er his rank or might,6······
If the highest, then the worst,7··/˘···
Let him live and die accursed.8·······˘
"Thou, who to Thy Church hast given8······/˘
Keys alike, of hell and heaven,8·˘/···/˘
Make our word and witness sure,8·/˘··/˘·
Let the curse we speak endure!"7·····˘/
Silent, while that curse was said,7/˘·····
Every bare and listening head8/˘··/˘˘·
Bowed in reverent awe, and then8··/˘˘···
All the people said, Amen!7··/˘·˘/
Seven times the bells have tolled,8/˘·····˘
For the centuries gray and old,8··/˘˘···
Since that stoled and mitred band8···˘·/˘·
Cursed the tyrants of their land.8·˘·/˘···
Since the priesthood, like a tower,8··/˘··/˘
Stood between the poor and power;8······/˘
And the wronged and trodden down8···˘·/˘·
Blessed the abbot's shaven crown.8·˘·/˘/˘·
Gone, thank God, their wizard spell,7····/˘·
Lost, their keys of heaven and hell;8····/˘··
Yet I sigh for men as bold7·······
As those bearded priests of old.7··/˘···
Now, too oft the priesthood wait7····/˘·
At the threshold of the state;7··/····
Waiting for the beck and nod7/˘·····
Of its power as law and God.8··/˘····
Fraud exults, while solemn words7·˘/·/˘·
Sanctify his stolen hoards;7/˘˘·/˘·
Slavery laughs, while ghostly lips8/˘˘··/˘·
Bless his manacles and whips.6······
Not on them the poor rely,7·····˘/
Not to them looks liberty,7····/˘˘
Who with fawning falsehood cower8··/˘/·/˘
To the wrong, when clothed with power.8······/˘
Oh, to see them meanly cling,7····/˘·
Round the master, round the king,7··/˘···
Sported with, and sold and bought,--7/˘·····
Pitifuller sight is not!7·······
Tell me not that this must be7·······
God's true priest is always free;7····/··
Free, the needed truth to speak,7··/˘···
Right the wronged, and raise the weak.8···˘····
Not to fawn on wealth and state,7·······
Leaving Lazarus at the gate;8/˘/˘˘···
Not to peddle creeds like wares;7··/˘···
Not to mutter hireling prayers;7··/˘/˘·
Nor to paint the new life's bliss7·······
On the sable ground of this;7··/˘···
Golden streets for idle knave,7/˘··/˘·
Sabbath rest for weary slave!7/˘··/˘·
Not for words and works like these,7·······
Priest of God, thy mission is;7····/˘·
But to make earth's desert glad,7····/˘·
In its Eden greenness clad;7··/˘/˘·
And to level manhood bring7··/˘/··
Lord and peasant, serf and king;7··/˘···
And the Christ of God to find7·······
In the humblest of thy kind!8··/˘˘···
Thine to work as well as pray,7·······
Clearing thorny wrongs away;7/˘/˘·˘/
Plucking up the weeds of sin,7/˘·····
Letting heaven's warm sunshine in;8/˘/˘·/··
Watching on the hills of Faith;7/˘·····
Listening what the spirit saith,8/˘˘··/˘·
Of the dim-seen light afar,7·····˘/
Growing like a nearing star.7/˘··/˘·
God's interpreter art thou,7·˘/˘˘··
To the waiting ones below;7··/˘···
'Twixt them and its light midway7·····/·
Heralding the better day;7/˘˘·/˘·
Catching gleams of temple spires,7/˘··/˘·
Hearing notes of angel choirs,7/˘··/˘·
Where, as yet unseen of them,7···˘/··
Comes the New Jerusalem!7···˘/˘˘
Like the seer of Patmos gazing,8······/˘
On the glory downward blazing;8··/˘/˘/˘
Till upon Earth's grateful sod7····/˘·
Rests the City of our God!8··/˘·/˘·

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