Derne
NIGHT on the city of the Moor!On mosque and tomb, and white-walled shore,On sea-waves, to whose ceaseless knockThe narrow harbor-gates unlock,On corsair's galley, carack tall,And plundered Christian caraval!The sounds of Moslem life are still;No mule-bell tinkles down the hill;Stretched in the broad court of the khan,The dusty Bornou caravanLies heaped in slumber, beast and man;The Sheik is dreaming in his tent,His noisy Arab tongue o'erspent;The kiosk's glimmering lights are gone,The merchant with his wares withdrawn;Rough pillowed on some pirate breast,The dancing-girl has sunk to rest;And, save where measured footsteps fallAlong the Bashaw's guarded wall,Or where, like some bad dream, the JewCreeps stealthily his quarter through,Or counts with fear his golden heaps,The City of the Corsair sleeps.
But where yon prison long and lowStands black against the pale star-glow,Chafed by the ceaseless wash of waves,There watch and pine the Christian slaves;Rough-bearded men, whose far-off wivesWear out with grief their lonely lives;And youth, still flashing from his eyesThe clear blue of New England skies,A treasured lock of whose soft hairNow wakes some sorrowing mother's prayer;Or, worn upon some maiden breast,Stirs with the loving heart's unrest.
A bitter cup each life must drain,The groaning earth is cursed with pain,And, like the scroll the angel boreThe shuddering Hebrew seer before,O'erwrit alike, without, within,With all the woes which follow sin;But, bitterest of the ills beneathWhose load man totters down to death,Is that which plucks the regal crownOf Freedom from his forehead down,And snatches from his powerless handThe sceptred sign of self-command,Effacing with the chain and rodThe image and the seal of God;Till from his nature, day by day,The manly virtues fall away,And leave him naked, blind and mute,The godlike merging in the brute!
Why mourn the quiet ones who dieBeneath affection's tender eye,Unto their household and their kinLike ripened corn-sheaves gathered in?O weeper, from that tranquil sod,That holy harvest-home of God,Turn to the quick and suffering, shedThy tears upon the living deadThank God above thy dear ones' graves,They sleep with Him, they are not slaves.
What dark mass, down the mountain-sidesSwift-pouring, like a stream divides?A long, loose, straggling caravan,Camel and horse and armed man.The moon's low crescent, glimmering o'erIts grave of waters to the shore,Lights tip that mountain cavalcade,And gleams from gun and spear and bladeNear and more near! now o'er them fallsThe shadow of the city walls.Hark to the sentry's challenge, drownedIn the fierce trumpet's charging sound!The rush of men, the musket's peal,The short, sharp clang of meeting steel!
Vain, Moslem, vain thy lifeblood pouredSo freely on thy foeman's sword!Not to the swift nor to the strongThe battles of the right belong;For he who strikes for Freedom wearsThe armor of the captive's prayers,And Nature proffers to his causeThe strength of her eternal laws;While he whose arm essays to bindAnd herd with common brutes his kindStrives evermore at fearful oddsWith Nature and the jealous gods,And dares the dread recoil which lateOr soon their right shall vindicate.
'T is done, the horned crescent fallsThe star-flag flouts the broken wallsJoy to the captive husband! joyTo thy sick heart, O brown-locked boy!In sullen wrath the conquered MoorWide open flings your dungeon-door,And leaves ye free from cell and chain,The owners of yourselves again.Dark as his allies desert-born,Soiled with the battle's stain, and wornWith the long marches of his bandThrough hottest wastes of rock and sand,Scorched by the sun and furnace-breathOf the red desert's wind of death,With welcome words and grasping hands,The victor and deliverer stands!
The tale is one of distant skies;The dust of half a century liesUpon it; yet its hero's nameStill lingers on the lips of Fame.Men speak the praise of him who gaveDeliverance to the Moorman's slave,Yet dare to brand with shame and crimeThe heroes of our land and time,--The self-forgetful ones, who stakeHome, name, and life for Freedom's sake.God mend his heart who cannot feelThe impulse of a holy zeal,And sees not, with his sordid eyes,The beauty of self-sacrificeThough in the sacred place he stands,Uplifting consecrated hands,Unworthy are his lips to tellOf Jesus' martyr-miracle,Or name aright that dread embraceOf suffering for a fallen race!
Words in this poem 24
- ceaseless a.
- Without pause or end; incessant.
- unlock v. t.
- To unfasten, as what is locked; as, to unlock a door or a chest. [Cf. AS. unl. See 1st Un-, and Lock, v. t.]
- khan n.
- A king; a prince; a chief; a governor; -- so called among the Tartars, Turks, and Persians, and in countries now or formerly governed by them. [Pers. & Tart. khan.]
- sheik n.
- The head of an Arab family, or of a clan or a tribe; also, the chief magistrate of an Arab village. The name is also applied to Mohammedan ecclesiastics of a high grade. [Ar. sheikh, shaykh, a venerable old man, a chief, fr. shakha to grow or be old.]
- pillowed a.
- Provided with a pillow or pillows; having the head resting on, or as on, a pillow.
- corsair n.
- A pirate; one who cruises about without authorization from any government, to seize booty on sea or land. [F. corsaire (cf. It. corsare, corsale, Pr. corsari), LL. corsarius, fr. L. cursus a running, course, whence Sp. corso cruise, corsa cruise, coasting voyage, cor]
- unrest n.
- Want of rest or repose; unquietness; sleeplessness; uneasiness; disquietude.
- cursed a.
- Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
- weeper n.
- One who weeps; esp., one who sheds tears.
- thank n.
- A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. [AS. Þanc, Þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. Þ\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. Þagks thanks; -]
- straggling a.
- from Straggle, v.
- cavalcade n.
- A procession of persons on horseback; a formal, pompous march of horsemen by way of parade. [F. cavalcade, fr. It. cavalcata, fr. cavalcare to go on horseback, fr. LL. caballicare, fr. L. caballus an inferior horse, Gr. Cavalier, Cavalry.]
- peal v. i.
- To appeal. Spencer.
- clang v. t.
- To strike together so as to produce a ringing metallic sound. [L. clangere; akin to Gr. clank.]
- lifeblood n.
- The blood necessary to life; vital blood.
- evermore adv.
- During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.
- odds n.
- Difference in favor of one and against another; excess of one of two things or numbers over the other; inequality; advantage; superiority; hence, excess of chances; probability. [See Odd, a.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- sullen a.
- Lonely; solitary; desolate. Wyclif (Job iii. 14). [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]
- dungeon n.
- A close, dark prison, commondonjon or keep of a castle, these being used as prisons. [OE. donjoun highest tower of a castle, tower, prison, F. donjon tower or platform in the midst of a castle, turret, or closet on the top of a house, a keep of a]
- deliverer n.
- One who delivers or rescues; a preserver.
- forgetful a.
- Apt to forget; easily losing remembrance; as, a forgetful man should use helps to strengthen his memory.
- sordid a.
- Filthy; foul; dirty. [L. sordidus, fr. sordere to be filthy or dirty; probably akin to E. swart: cf. F. sordide. See Swart, a.]
- aright adv.
- Rightly; correctly; in a right way or form; without mistake or crime; as, to worship God aright. [Pref. a- + right.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Derne is in the public domain. This text is taken from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform, Complete Volume III of The Works of John Greenleaf Whittier, Project Gutenberg ebook #9580; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Greenleaf Whittier, Derne, in Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform (1865), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9580, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whittier-anti-slavery/derne.html, id L24886.
Form and metre
Derne is 127 lines in 8 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 87% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%).
See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 --AAB-CC-DDEEFFGGBBHHII moor · shore · knockA · unlockA · tallB · caraval · stillC · hillC · khan · caravanD · manD · tentE · o'erspentE · goneF · withdrawnF · breastG · restG · fallB · wallB · jewH · throughH · heapsI · sleepsI
- 2 AABBCCDDEEFF lowA · glowA · wavesB · slavesB · wivesC · livesC · eyesD · skiesD · hairE · prayerE · breastF · unrestF
- 3 AABBCC--DDEEFFGGHH drainA · painA · boreB · beforeB · withinC · sinC · beneath · death · crownD · downD · handE · commandE · rodF · godF · dayG · awayG · muteH · bruteH
- 4 AABBCCDDEE dieA · eyeA · kinB · inB · sodC · godC · shedD · deadD · gravesE · slavesE
- 5 AABB--CCDDEEFF sidesA · dividesA · caravanB · manB · o'er · shore · cavalcadeC · bladeC · fallsD · wallsD · drownedE · soundE · pealF · steelF
- 6 AABBCCDDEEFFGG pouredA · swordA · strongB · belongB · wearsC · prayersC · causeD · lawsD · bindE · kindE · oddsF · godsF · lateG · vindicateG
- 7 AABB--CCDDEEFFGG fallsA · wallsA · joyB · boyB · moor · door · chainC · againC · bornD · wornD · bandE · sandE · breathF · deathF · handsG · standsG
- 8 AABBCCDDEEFFA-GGHHII skiesA · liesA · nameB · fameB · gaveC · slaveC · crimeD · timeD · stakeE · sakeE · feelF · zealF · eyesA · sacrifice · standsG · handsG · tellH · miracleH · embraceI · raceI
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| NIGHT on the city of the Moor! | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| On mosque and tomb, and white-walled shore, | 8 | ········ |
| On sea-waves, to whose ceaseless knock | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The narrow harbor-gates unlock, | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| On corsair's galley, carack tall, | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘· |
| And plundered Christian caraval! | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| The sounds of Moslem life are still; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| No mule-bell tinkles down the hill; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Stretched in the broad court of the khan, | 8 | ········ |
| The dusty Bornou caravan | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Lies heaped in slumber, beast and man; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The Sheik is dreaming in his tent, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| His noisy Arab tongue o'erspent; | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| The kiosk's glimmering lights are gone, | 8 | ·/·/˘··· |
| The merchant with his wares withdrawn; | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Rough pillowed on some pirate breast, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| The dancing-girl has sunk to rest; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And, save where measured footsteps fall | 8 | ···/˘/·· |
| Along the Bashaw's guarded wall, | 8 | ˘/·˘//˘· |
| Or where, like some bad dream, the Jew | 8 | ········ |
| Creeps stealthily his quarter through, | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| Or counts with fear his golden heaps, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The City of the Corsair sleeps. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| But where yon prison long and low | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Stands black against the pale star-glow, | 8 | ········ |
| Chafed by the ceaseless wash of waves, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| There watch and pine the Christian slaves; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Rough-bearded men, whose far-off wives | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Wear out with grief their lonely lives; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And youth, still flashing from his eyes | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The clear blue of New England skies, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| A treasured lock of whose soft hair | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Now wakes some sorrowing mother's prayer; | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Or, worn upon some maiden breast, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Stirs with the loving heart's unrest. | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| A bitter cup each life must drain, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The groaning earth is cursed with pain, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And, like the scroll the angel bore | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The shuddering Hebrew seer before, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| O'erwrit alike, without, within, | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| With all the woes which follow sin; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| But, bitterest of the ills beneath | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Whose load man totters down to death, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Is that which plucks the regal crown | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Of Freedom from his forehead down, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And snatches from his powerless hand | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| The sceptred sign of self-command, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Effacing with the chain and rod | 8 | ˘/˘····· |
| The image and the seal of God; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Till from his nature, day by day, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The manly virtues fall away, | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| And leave him naked, blind and mute, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The godlike merging in the brute! | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Why mourn the quiet ones who die | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Beneath affection's tender eye, | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| Unto their household and their kin | 8 | ···/···· |
| Like ripened corn-sheaves gathered in? | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| O weeper, from that tranquil sod, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| That holy harvest-home of God, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Turn to the quick and suffering, shed | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Thy tears upon the living dead | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Thank God above thy dear ones' graves, | 8 | ········ |
| They sleep with Him, they are not slaves. | 8 | ········ |
| What dark mass, down the mountain-sides | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Swift-pouring, like a stream divides? | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| A long, loose, straggling caravan, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Camel and horse and armed man. | 8 | /˘····˘· |
| The moon's low crescent, glimmering o'er | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Its grave of waters to the shore, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Lights tip that mountain cavalcade, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| And gleams from gun and spear and blade | 8 | ········ |
| Near and more near! now o'er them falls | 8 | ········ |
| The shadow of the city walls. | 8 | ·/···/˘· |
| Hark to the sentry's challenge, drowned | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| In the fierce trumpet's charging sound! | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| The rush of men, the musket's peal, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The short, sharp clang of meeting steel! | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Vain, Moslem, vain thy lifeblood poured | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| So freely on thy foeman's sword! | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Not to the swift nor to the strong | 8 | ········ |
| The battles of the right belong; | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| For he who strikes for Freedom wears | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The armor of the captive's prayers, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And Nature proffers to his cause | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| The strength of her eternal laws; | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| While he whose arm essays to bind | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| And herd with common brutes his kind | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Strives evermore at fearful odds | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| With Nature and the jealous gods, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And dares the dread recoil which late | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| Or soon their right shall vindicate. | 8 | ·····/˘˘ |
| 'T is done, the horned crescent falls | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The star-flag flouts the broken walls | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Joy to the captive husband! joy | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| To thy sick heart, O brown-locked boy! | 8 | ········ |
| In sullen wrath the conquered Moor | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Wide open flings your dungeon-door, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And leaves ye free from cell and chain, | 8 | ········ |
| The owners of yourselves again. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘/ |
| Dark as his allies desert-born, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Soiled with the battle's stain, and worn | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| With the long marches of his band | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Through hottest wastes of rock and sand, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Scorched by the sun and furnace-breath | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Of the red desert's wind of death, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| With welcome words and grasping hands, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| The victor and deliverer stands! | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| The tale is one of distant skies; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The dust of half a century lies | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Upon it; yet its hero's name | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Still lingers on the lips of Fame. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Men speak the praise of him who gave | 8 | ········ |
| Deliverance to the Moorman's slave, | 8 | ˘/˘··/˘· |
| Yet dare to brand with shame and crime | 8 | ········ |
| The heroes of our land and time,-- | 8 | ·/˘·/··· |
| The self-forgetful ones, who stake | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| Home, name, and life for Freedom's sake. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| God mend his heart who cannot feel | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The impulse of a holy zeal, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And sees not, with his sordid eyes, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The beauty of self-sacrifice | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Though in the sacred place he stands, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Uplifting consecrated hands, | 8 | /·˘/˘·˘· |
| Unworthy are his lips to tell | 8 | ˘/˘····· |
| Of Jesus' martyr-miracle, | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘˘ |
| Or name aright that dread embrace | 8 | ··˘/··˘/ |
| Of suffering for a fallen race! | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.