To Stella Visiting Me in My Sickness 1720
Pallas, observing Stella's witWas more than for her sex was fit,And that her beauty, soon or late,Might breed confusion in the state,In high concern for human kind,Fix'd honour in her infant mind.But (not in wrangling to engageWith such a stupid, vicious age)If honour I would here define,It answers faith in things divine.As natural life the body warms,And, scholars teach, the soul informs,So honour animates the whole,And is the spirit of the soul.Those numerous virtues which the tribeOf tedious moralists describe,And by such various titles call,True honour comprehends them all.Let melancholy rule supreme,Choler preside, or blood, or phlegm,It makes no difference in the case,Nor is complexion honour's place.But, lest we should for honour takeThe drunken quarrels of a rake:Or think it seated in a scar,Or on a proud triumphal car;Or in the payment of a debtWe lose with sharpers at piquet;Or when a whore, in her vocation,Keeps punctual to an assignation;Or that on which his lordship swears,When vulgar knaves would lose their ears;Let Stella's fair example preachA lesson she alone can teach.In points of honour to be tried,All passions must be laid aside:Ask no advice, but think alone;Suppose the question not your own.How shall I act, is not the case;But how would Brutus in my place?In such a case would Cato bleed?And how would Socrates proceed?Drive all objections from your mind,Else you relapse to human kind:Ambition, avarice, and lust,A factious rage, and breach of trust,And flattery tipt with nauseous fleer,And guilty shame, and servile fear,Envy, and cruelty, and pride,Will in your tainted heart preside.Heroes and heroines of old,By honour only were enroll'dAmong their brethren in the skies,To which (though late) shall Stella rise.Ten thousand oaths upon recordAre not so sacred as her word:The world shall in its atoms end,Ere Stella can deceive a friend.By honour seated in her breastShe still determines what is best:What indignation in her mindAgainst enslavers of mankind!Base kings, and ministers of state,Eternal objects of her hate!She thinks that nature ne'er design'dCourage to man alone confined.Can cowardice her sex adorn,Which most exposes ours to scorn?She wonders where the charm appearsIn Florimel's affected fears;For Stella never learn'd the artAt proper times to scream and start;Nor calls up all the house at night,And swears she saw a thing in white.Doll never flies to cut her lace,Or throw cold water in her face,Because she heard a sudden drum,Or found an earwig in a plum.Her hearers are amazed from whenceProceeds that fund of wit and sense;Which, though her modesty would shroud,Breaks like the sun behind a cloud;While gracefulness its art conceals,And yet through every motion steals.Say, Stella, was Prometheus blind,And, forming you, mistook your kind?No; 'twas for you alone he stoleThe fire that forms a manly soul;Then, to complete it every way,He moulded it with female clay:To that you owe the nobler flame,To this the beauty of your frame.How would Ingratitude delight,And how would Censure glut her spite,If I should Stella's kindness hideIn silence, or forget with pride!When on my sickly couch I lay,Impatient both of night and day,Lamenting in unmanly strains,Call'd every power to ease my pains;Then Stella ran to my relief,With cheerful face and inward grief;And, though by Heaven's severe decreeShe suffers hourly more than me,No cruel master could require,From slaves employ'd for daily hire,What Stella, by her friendship warm'dWith vigour and delight perform'd:My sinking spirits now suppliesWith cordials in her hands and eyes:Now with a soft and silent treadUnheard she moves about my bed.I see her taste each nauseous draught,And so obligingly am caught;I bless the hand from whence they came,Nor dare distort my face for shame.Best pattern of true friends! beware;You pay too dearly for your care,If, while your tenderness securesMy life, it must endanger yours;For such a fool was never found,Who pull'd a palace to the ground,Only to have the ruins madeMaterials for a house decay'd.
Words in this poem 19
- pallas n.
- Pallas Athene, the Grecian goddess of wisdom, called also Athene, and identified, at a later period, with the Roman Minerva.
- honour n.
- Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
- choler n.
- The bile; -- formerly supposed to be the seat and cause of irascibility. [OE. coler, F. colère anger, L. cholera a bilious complaint, fr. Gr. Gall, and cf. Cholera.]
- complexion n.
- The state of being complex; complexity. [F. complexion, fr. L. complexio. See Complex, a.]
- triumphal n.
- A token of victory.
- whore n.
- A woman who practices unlawful sexual commerce with men, especially one who prostitutes her body for hire; a prostitute; a harlot. Wyclif. [OE. hore, AS. h; akin to D. hoer, hoere, G. hure, OHG. huora, huorra, Icel. h, Dan. hore, Sw. hora, Goth. h an adulterer, AS. h adultery, OHG. huor, and probabl]
- vocation n.
- A call; a summons; a citation; especially, a designation or appointment to a particular state, business, or profession. [L. vocatio a bidding, invitation, fr. vocare to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice: cf. F. vocation. See Vocal.]
- punctual a.
- Consisting in a point; limited to a point; unextended. [F. ponctuel (cf. Sp.puntual, It. puntuale), from L. punctum point. See Point.]
- assignation n.
- The act of assigning or allotting; apportionment. [L. assignatio, fr. assignare: cf. F. assignation.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- avarice n.
- An excessive or inordinate desire of gain; greediness after wealth; covetousness; cupidity. [F. avaritia, fr. avarus avaricious, prob. fr. av to covert, fr. a root av to satiate one's self: cf. Gr. av to satiate one's self, rejoice, protect.]
- lust v. i.
- To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
- fleer n.
- One who flees. Ld. Berners.
- stole n.
- A long, loose garment reaching to the feet. [AS. stole, L. stola, Gr. stall. See Stall.]
- ingratitude n.
- Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or ill return for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness; ungratefulness. [F. ingratitude, L. ingratitudo. See Ingrate.]
- hourly a.
- Happening or done every hour; occurring hour by hour; frequent; often repeated; renewed hour by hour; continual.
- vigour v. t.
- To invigorate. Feltham.
- unheard a.
- Not heard; not perceived by the ear; as, words unheard by those present.
- beware v. t.
- To avoid; to take care of; to have a care for.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
To Stella Visiting Me in My Sickness 1720 is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #13621; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Jonathan Swift, To Stella Visiting Me in My Sickness 1720, in Cadenus and Vanessa, and Other Poems (1710–1745), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #13621, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems/to-stella-visiting-me-in-my-sickness-1720.html, id L09235.
Form and metre
To Stella Visiting Me in My Sickness 1720 is 124 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.1 syllables. 4 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 18% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzzAABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJ witA · fitA · lateB · stateB · kindC · mindC · engageD · ageD · defineE · divineE · warmsF · informsF · wholeG · soulG · tribeH · describeH · callI · allI · supremeJ · phlegmJ · caseK · placeK · takeL · rakeL · scarM · carM · debtN · piquetN · vocationO · assignationO · swearsP · earsP · preachQ · teachQ · triedR · asideR · aloneS · ownS · caseT · placeT · bleedU · proceedU · mindV · kindV · lustW · trustW · fleerX · fearX · prideY · presideY · oldZ · enroll'dZ · skiesa · risea · recordb · wordb · endc · friendc · breastd · bestd · minde · mankinde · statef · hatef · design'dg · confinedg · adornh · scornh · appearsi · fearsi · artj · startj · nightk · whitek · lacel · facel · drumm · plumm · whencen · sensen · shroudo · cloudo · concealsp · stealsp · blindq · kindq · stoler · soulr · ways · clays · flamet · framet · delightu · spiteu · hidev · pridev · layw · dayw · strainsx · painsx · reliefy · griefy · decreez · mez · requireA · hireA · warm'dB · perform'dB · suppliesC · eyesC · treadD · bedD · draughtE · caughtE · cameF · shameF · bewareG · careG · securesH · yoursH · foundI · groundI · madeJ · decay'dJ
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Pallas, observing Stella's wit | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| Was more than for her sex was fit, | 8 | ········ |
| And that her beauty, soon or late, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Might breed confusion in the state, | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| In high concern for human kind, | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Fix'd honour in her infant mind. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| But (not in wrangling to engage | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| With such a stupid, vicious age) | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| If honour I would here define, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| It answers faith in things divine. | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| As natural life the body warms, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And, scholars teach, the soul informs, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| So honour animates the whole, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| And is the spirit of the soul. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Those numerous virtues which the tribe | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Of tedious moralists describe, | 8 | ·/˘/˘˘˘/ |
| And by such various titles call, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| True honour comprehends them all. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Let melancholy rule supreme, | 8 | ·/˘·˘·˘/ |
| Choler preside, or blood, or phlegm, | 8 | /˘˘/···· |
| It makes no difference in the case, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Nor is complexion honour's place. | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| But, lest we should for honour take | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The drunken quarrels of a rake: | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Or think it seated in a scar, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Or on a proud triumphal car; | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| Or in the payment of a debt | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| We lose with sharpers at piquet; | 8 | ···/˘·/˘ |
| Or when a whore, in her vocation, | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| Keeps punctual to an assignation; | 9 | ·/˘······ |
| Or that on which his lordship swears, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| When vulgar knaves would lose their ears; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Let Stella's fair example preach | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| A lesson she alone can teach. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| In points of honour to be tried, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| All passions must be laid aside: | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Ask no advice, but think alone; | 8 | ··˘/··˘/ |
| Suppose the question not your own. | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| How shall I act, is not the case; | 8 | ········ |
| But how would Brutus in my place? | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| In such a case would Cato bleed? | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And how would Socrates proceed? | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Drive all objections from your mind, | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| Else you relapse to human kind: | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Ambition, avarice, and lust, | 8 | ˘/˘/˘˘·· |
| A factious rage, and breach of trust, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And flattery tipt with nauseous fleer, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And guilty shame, and servile fear, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Envy, and cruelty, and pride, | 7 | /˘·/˘·· |
| Will in your tainted heart preside. | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Heroes and heroines of old, | 8 | /˘·/·˘·· |
| By honour only were enroll'd | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Among their brethren in the skies, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| To which (though late) shall Stella rise. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Ten thousand oaths upon record | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Are not so sacred as her word: | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The world shall in its atoms end, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Ere Stella can deceive a friend. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| By honour seated in her breast | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| She still determines what is best: | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| What indignation in her mind | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| Against enslavers of mankind! | 8 | ······// |
| Base kings, and ministers of state, | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| Eternal objects of her hate! | 8 | ˘/˘/˘··· |
| She thinks that nature ne'er design'd | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Courage to man alone confined. | 8 | /˘··˘/˘/ |
| Can cowardice her sex adorn, | 8 | ·/˘˘··˘/ |
| Which most exposes ours to scorn? | 8 | ··˘/˘/·· |
| She wonders where the charm appears | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| In Florimel's affected fears; | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| For Stella never learn'd the art | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| At proper times to scream and start; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Nor calls up all the house at night, | 8 | ········ |
| And swears she saw a thing in white. | 8 | ········ |
| Doll never flies to cut her lace, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Or throw cold water in her face, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Because she heard a sudden drum, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Or found an earwig in a plum. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Her hearers are amazed from whence | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Proceeds that fund of wit and sense; | 8 | ˘/······ |
| Which, though her modesty would shroud, | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| Breaks like the sun behind a cloud; | 8 | ········ |
| While gracefulness its art conceals, | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| And yet through every motion steals. | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Say, Stella, was Prometheus blind, | 9 | ·/˘·˘/˘˘· |
| And, forming you, mistook your kind? | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| No; 'twas for you alone he stole | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| The fire that forms a manly soul; | 8 | ·/···/˘· |
| Then, to complete it every way, | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| He moulded it with female clay: | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| To that you owe the nobler flame, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| To this the beauty of your frame. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| How would Ingratitude delight, | 8 | ··˘/˘˘˘/ |
| And how would Censure glut her spite, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| If I should Stella's kindness hide | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| In silence, or forget with pride! | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| When on my sickly couch I lay, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Impatient both of night and day, | 8 | ˘/˘····· |
| Lamenting in unmanly strains, | 8 | ˘/˘····· |
| Call'd every power to ease my pains; | 8 | ·/˘/···· |
| Then Stella ran to my relief, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| With cheerful face and inward grief; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And, though by Heaven's severe decree | 9 | ···/˘˘/˘/ |
| She suffers hourly more than me, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| No cruel master could require, | 9 | ·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| From slaves employ'd for daily hire, | 9 | ··˘/·/˘/˘ |
| What Stella, by her friendship warm'd | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| With vigour and delight perform'd: | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘/ |
| My sinking spirits now supplies | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| With cordials in her hands and eyes: | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Now with a soft and silent tread | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Unheard she moves about my bed. | 8 | ˘/······ |
| I see her taste each nauseous draught, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And so obligingly am caught; | 8 | ··˘/˘˘·· |
| I bless the hand from whence they came, | 8 | ········ |
| Nor dare distort my face for shame. | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| Best pattern of true friends! beware; | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| You pay too dearly for your care, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| If, while your tenderness secures | 8 | ···/˘˘˘/ |
| My life, it must endanger yours; | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| For such a fool was never found, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Who pull'd a palace to the ground, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Only to have the ruins made | 8 | /˘···/˘· |
| Materials for a house decay'd. | 8 | ˘/˘···˘/ |
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