Act III: Scene III

Jean Racine (1639–1699), translated by J. Donkersley · 1873

iambic pentameter · 117 lines · from Athaliah: A Tragedy

NABAL.The children have already their fierce pride.But what doth Athaliah seek in this?What is this tumult born of in her councils?By overbearing Joad this morn offended,And in her dreams braved by a murderous child,She went to sacrifice the high-priest JoadUnto her wrath, and in the end to placeWithin that temple Baal and you. You hadTo me already testified your joy;I hoped, on my part, for so rich a prey.What changes thus her vacillating vows?

MATHAN.I have not known her, friend, for two days past.No more the queen of an enlightened spirit,Intrepid, raised beyond her timid sex,Who crushed, at first, her wondering enemies,And knew the value of occasion lost:The pangs of vain remorse whelm this great soul:She wavers, hesitates, is in a word,A woman. I, her heart, already wrungWith threats from heaven, had filled with bitternessAnd rancour; she, confiding to my careHer vengeance, had commanded me to bringAt once her guards together: but, indeed,Whether that brat before her brought, and saidTo be an outcast from his parents, hadDiminished the alarm of frightful dreams,Or she had seen in him some unknown charm,I found her anger reeling, undecided:She now puts off her vengeance till to-morrow.Her projects all appear to slay each other."Some knowledge I have gained of this boy's fate,"So did I say; "now of his ancestryThey have begun to boast: from time to timeJoad shows him to the factious, holds him up,As if another Moses, to the Jews,And lying oracles support his speech."These words did cause the blood to mount her brow:Ne'er lucky fable had such prompt effect."Must I drag on in this uncertainty?Let us escape," said she, "this restlessness.To Josabet declare you this resolve--'The fires are kindling, and the sword prepared,Nothing can save your temple from destruction,If hostage for your faith that child's not given.'"

NABAL.Why for a boy of whom they're ignorant,That chance, perhaps, has cast into their arms,Will they behold their temple tombed in weeds?

MATHAN.Ah! of all mortals known, the haughtiest!Sooner than yield a child into our hands,That Joad has consecrated to his God,He would endure the most terrific death.Besides 'tis plainly seen they love the child.If, from the queen, I heard a true report,Joad of his birth knows more than he imparts.However fatal it may be for them,I can foresee they will not give him up.On me the rest remains; and in the endI hope that fire and sword will free my eyesOf that obnoxious temple!

NABAL.What can inspire in you so fierce a hate?Is it your zeal for Baal inflames you thus?As for myself, you know of Ishmael blood,I neither worship Baal nor Israel's God.

MATHAN.Friend, canst thou think that I allow myselfTo be made blind by an unworthy zealFor a vain idol, fragile form of wood,Which, notwithstanding my support, the wormsUpon its altar every day consume?Born servant of the God that temple loves,It might be Mathan would adore Him still,If lust of greatness, thirst for dominance,Could be accommodated to His yoke.Nabal, what need repicture to thy mindThe noted quarrel of myself and Joad.When I 'gainst him the censor dared dispute,My factions, struggles, waitings, my despair?Vanquished by him I chose a new career,And wed my soul entirely to the court.I by degrees approached their royal honours,And soon my voice was made an oracle.I probed their heart, and flattered their caprice;Bestrewed with flowers the precipice's brink;Serving their passions, naught to me was sacred;Measure and weight I changed as they inclined.As much as Joad's unpliant humour painedThe softness of their supercilious ear,So much I pleased them with my dexterous art;Concealing from their eyes the bitter truth;Lending convenient colour to their rage;And, lavish, above all, of wretches' blood.At length, to Baal, whom she had introduced,By Athaliah was a temple reared.Jerusalem did weep to see herselfProfaned: The alarmed band of Levi's raceDid elevate to heaven appalling cries.Giving example to the timid Jews.Deserter from their law, myself approvedThe enterprise, and merited by thatBaal's priesthood: and I made myself withalA terror to my rival; I put onThe turban--walked his equal. Ne'erthelessI must avow, that in that glorious heightThe troublesome memory of the God I leftStill throws into my soul a shade of dread:Tis that which strengthens and supports my fury.Happy, if on the temple my revengeAccomplishing, I can at length contentHer petty spite, and lose amongst the wreckThe ravage and the slaughter, my remorse,By dint of those enormities. But hereIs Josabet.

Words in this poem 28
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
vacillating a.
Inclined to fluctuate; wavering.
whelm v. t.
To cover with water or other fluid; to cover by immersion in something that envelops on all sides; to overwhelm; to ingulf.
rancour n.
The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred. [OE. rancour, OF. rancor, rancur, F. rancune, fr. L. rancor rancidity, rankness; tropically, an old grudge, rancor, fr. rancere to be rank or rancid.]
confiding a.
That confides; trustful; unsuspicious.
brat n.
A coarse garnment or cloak; also, coarse clothing, in general. [OE. bratt coarse garnment, AS. bratt cloak, fr. the Celtic; cf. W. brat clout, rag, Gael. brat cloak, apron, raf, Ir. brat cloak; properly then, a child's bib o]
outcast a.
Cast out; degraded. [Cf. Sw. utkasta to cast out.]
frightful a.
Full of fright; affrighted; frightened.
hostage n.
A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of the conditions of a treaty or stipulations of any kind, on the performance of which the person is to be released. [OE. hostage, OF. hostage, ostage, F. ôtage, LL. hostaticus, ostaticum, for hospitaticum, fr. L. hospes guest, host. The first meaning is, the state of a guest, ]
foresee v. i.
To have or exercise foresight.
obnoxious a.
Subject; liable; exposed; answerable; amenable; -- with to. [L. obnoxius; ob (see Ob-) + noxius hurtful. See Noxious.]
idol n.
An image or representation of anything. [OE. idole, F. idole, L. idolum, fr. Gr. Wit, and cf. Eidolon.]
adore v. t.
To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity or as divine. [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the French pr]
lust v. i.
To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
dominance n.
Predominance; ascendency; authority.
censor n.
One of two magistrates of Rome who took a register of the number and property of citizens, and who also exercised the office of inspector of morals and conduct. [L. censor, fr. censere to value, tax.]
career n.
A race course: the ground run over. [F. carrière race course, high road, street, fr. L. carrus wagon. See Car.]
oracle v. i.
To utter oracles.
brink n.
The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge, as of a river or pit; a verge; a border; as, the brink of a chasm. Also Fig. [Dan. brink edge, verge; akin to Sw. brink declivity, hill, Icel. brekka; cf. LG. brink a grassy hill, W. bryn hill, bryncyn hillock.]
humour n.
Moisture, especially, the moisture or fluid of animal bodies, as the chyle, lymph, etc.; as, the humors of the eye, etc. [OE. humour, OF. humor, umor, F. humeur, L. humor, umor, moisture, fluid, fr. humere, umere, to be moist. See Humid.]
convenient a.
Fit or adapted; suitable; proper; becoming; appropriate. [L. conveniens, -entis, suitable, p.pr. of convenire to be suitable, to come. See Convene, v. i.]
appalling a.
Such as to appall; as, an appalling accident.
withal adv.
With this; with that. [With + all.]
avow v. t.
To bind, or to devote, by a vow. Wyclif. [OF. avouer, fr. LL. votare to vow, fr. L. votun. See Vote, n.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
amongst prep.
Mixed or mingled; surrounded by. [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.]
dint n.
A blow; a stroke. [OE. dint, dent, dunt, a blow, AS. dynt; akin to Icel. dyntr a dint, dynta to dint, and perh. to L. fendere (in composition). Cf. 1st Dent, Defend.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Act III: Scene III is in the public domain. This text is taken from Athaliah: A Tragedy, Project Gutenberg ebook #21967, the J. Donkersley translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jean Racine, Act III: Scene III, in Athaliah: A Tragedy (1873), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #21967, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/racine-athaliah/act-iii-scene-iii.html, id L26965.

Form and metre

Act III: Scene III is 117 lines in 6 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A--A---A--- nabal · prideA · this · councils · offendedA · child · joad · place · hadA · joy · prey · vows
  2. 2 -------------AA--A---------------- mathan · past · spirit · sex · enemies · lost · soul · word · wrung · bitterness · care · bring · indeed · saidA · hadA · dreams · charm · undecidedA · morrow · other · fate · ancestry · time · up · jews · speech · brow · effect · uncertainty · restlessness · resolve · prepared · destruction · given
  3. 6 -------------AA---------------------------------- mathan · myself · zeal · wood · worms · consume · loves · still · dominance · yoke · mind · joad · dispute · despairA · careerA · court · honours · oracle · caprice · brink · sacred · inclined · pained · ear · art · truth · rage · blood · introduced · reared · herself · race · cries · jews · approved · that · withal · on · ne'ertheless · height · left · dread · fury · revenge · content · wreck · remorse · here · josabet
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
NABAL.2··
The children have already their fierce pride.10·/˘·˘/˘···
But what doth Athaliah seek in this?10··········
What is this tumult born of in her councils?11···/˘····/˘
By overbearing Joad this morn offended,11·/˘/˘···˘/˘
And in her dreams braved by a murderous child,10·······/˘·
She went to sacrifice the high-priest Joad10···/˘·····
Unto her wrath, and in the end to place10··········
Within that temple Baal and you. You had11···/˘/˘····
To me already testified your joy;10··˘/˘/˘···
I hoped, on my part, for so rich a prey.10··········
What changes thus her vacillating vows?10·/˘··/˘·˘·
MATHAN.2/˘
I have not known her, friend, for two days past.10··········
No more the queen of an enlightened spirit,11······˘/˘/˘
Intrepid, raised beyond her timid sex,10˘/˘····/˘·
Who crushed, at first, her wondering enemies,11·····/˘˘/˘˘
And knew the value of occasion lost:10···/˘·˘/˘·
The pangs of vain remorse whelm this great soul:10····˘/····
She wavers, hesitates, is in a word,10·/˘/˘·····
A woman. I, her heart, already wrung10·/˘···˘/˘·
With threats from heaven, had filled with bitterness11···/˘···/˘˘
And rancour; she, confiding to my care10·/˘·˘/˘···
Her vengeance, had commanded me to bring10·/˘·˘/˘···
At once her guards together: but, indeed,10····˘/˘·˘/
Whether that brat before her brought, and said10··········
To be an outcast from his parents, had10···/···/˘·
Diminished the alarm of frightful dreams,10˘/˘·˘/·/˘·
Or she had seen in him some unknown charm,10·······˘/·
I found her anger reeling, undecided:11···/˘/˘·˘/˘
She now puts off her vengeance till to-morrow.11·····/˘··/˘
Her projects all appear to slay each other.11·/˘·˘/···/˘
"Some knowledge I have gained of this boy's fate,"10·/˘·······
So did I say; "now of his ancestry10·······/˘˘
They have begun to boast: from time to time10··˘/······
Joad shows him to the factious, holds him up,10·····/˘···
As if another Moses, to the Jews,10··˘/˘/˘···
And lying oracles support his speech."10·/˘/˘˘˘/··
These words did cause the blood to mount her brow:10··········
Ne'er lucky fable had such prompt effect.10·/˘/˘···˘/
"Must I drag on in this uncertainty?10······˘/˘˘
Let us escape," said she, "this restlessness.10··˘/···/˘˘
To Josabet declare you this resolve--10····˘/··˘/
'The fires are kindling, and the sword prepared,10·/·/˘···˘/
Nothing can save your temple from destruction,11/˘···/˘·˘/˘
If hostage for your faith that child's not given.'"11·/˘······/˘
NABAL.2··
Why for a boy of whom they're ignorant,10·······/˘˘
That chance, perhaps, has cast into their arms,10··˘/······
Will they behold their temple tombed in weeds?10··˘/·/˘···
MATHAN.2/˘
Ah! of all mortals known, the haughtiest!9···/˘····
Sooner than yield a child into our hands,10/˘······/·
That Joad has consecrated to his God,10···/˘·˘···
He would endure the most terrific death.10··˘/··˘/˘·
Besides 'tis plainly seen they love the child.10˘/·/˘·····
If, from the queen, I heard a true report,10········˘/
Joad of his birth knows more than he imparts.10········˘/
However fatal it may be for them,10·/˘/˘·····
I can foresee they will not give him up.10··˘/······
On me the rest remains; and in the end10····˘/····
I hope that fire and sword will free my eyes10···/······
Of that obnoxious temple!7··˘/˘/˘
NABAL.2··
What can inspire in you so fierce a hate?10··˘/······
Is it your zeal for Baal inflames you thus?11·····/˘˘/··
As for myself, you know of Ishmael blood,10···/···/˘·
I neither worship Baal nor Israel's God.11·/˘/˘/˘·/˘·
MATHAN.2/˘
Friend, canst thou think that I allow myself10······˘/·/
To be made blind by an unworthy zeal10······˘/˘·
For a vain idol, fragile form of wood,10···/˘/˘···
Which, notwithstanding my support, the worms10··˘/˘·˘/··
Upon its altar every day consume?10···/˘/˘·˘/
Born servant of the God that temple loves,10·/˘····/˘·
It might be Mathan would adore Him still,10···/˘·˘/··
If lust of greatness, thirst for dominance,10···/˘··/˘˘
Could be accommodated to His yoke.10··˘/˘·˘···
Nabal, what need repicture to thy mind10··········
The noted quarrel of myself and Joad.10·/˘/˘··/··
When I 'gainst him the censor dared dispute,10·····/˘·˘/
My factions, struggles, waitings, my despair?10·/˘/˘/˘·˘/
Vanquished by him I chose a new career,10/˘······˘/
And wed my soul entirely to the court.10····˘/˘···
I by degrees approached their royal honours,11··˘/˘/·/˘/˘
And soon my voice was made an oracle.10·······/˘˘
I probed their heart, and flattered their caprice;10·····/˘·˘/
Bestrewed with flowers the precipice's brink;10···/·/˘˘˘·
Serving their passions, naught to me was sacred;11/˘·/˘····/˘
Measure and weight I changed as they inclined.10/˘······˘/
As much as Joad's unpliant humour pained10······/˘·˘
The softness of their supercilious ear,10·/˘···˘/˘·
So much I pleased them with my dexterous art;11·······/˘˘·
Concealing from their eyes the bitter truth;10˘/˘····/˘·
Lending convenient colour to their rage;10/˘˘/˘/˘···
And, lavish, above all, of wretches' blood.10·/˘·······
At length, to Baal, whom she had introduced,11···/˘····˘/
By Athaliah was a temple reared.10·······/˘·
Jerusalem did weep to see herself10˘/˘˘····˘/
Profaned: The alarmed band of Levi's race10˘/·˘/··/˘·
Did elevate to heaven appalling cries.10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Giving example to the timid Jews.10/˘˘/˘··/˘·
Deserter from their law, myself approved10/˘˘····/˘/
The enterprise, and merited by that10·/˘··/˘˘··
Baal's priesthood: and I made myself withal10·/˘····/˘/
A terror to my rival; I put on10·/˘··/˘···
The turban--walked his equal. Ne'ertheless10·/˘··/˘···
I must avow, that in that glorious height10··˘/···/˘·
The troublesome memory of the God I left10·/˘/˘·····
Still throws into my soul a shade of dread:10··········
Tis that which strengthens and supports my fury.11···/˘·˘/·/˘
Happy, if on the temple my revenge10/˘···/˘·˘/
Accomplishing, I can at length content10˘/˘˘····˘/
Her petty spite, and lose amongst the wreck10·/˘·······
The ravage and the slaughter, my remorse,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
By dint of those enormities. But here10····˘/˘˘··
Is Josabet.4····

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