Act the First: Scene IV

Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600–1681), translated by Denis Florence MacCarthy · 1873

trochaic tetrameter · 142 lines · from Life Is a Dream

ROSAURA. Since I now have seen how prideCan offend thee, I were hardenedSure in folly not here humblyAt thy feet for life to ask thee;Then to me extend thy pity,Since it were a special harshnessIf humility and pride,Both alike were disregarded.

CLARIN. If Humility and PrideThose two figures who have actedMany and many a thousand timesIn the "autos sacramentales",Do not move you, I, who am neitherProud nor humble, but a sandwichPartly mixed of both, entreat youTo extend to us your pardon.

CLOTALDO. Ho!

SOLDIERS. My lord?

CLOTALDO. Disarm the two,And their eyes securely bandage,So that they may not be ableTo see whither they are carried.

ROSAURA. This is, sir, my sword; to theeOnly would I wish to hand it,Since in fine of all the othersThou art chief, and I could hardlyYield it unto one less noble.

CLARIN. Mine I'll give the greatest rascalOf your troop: [To a Soldier.] so take it, you.

ROSAURA. And if I must die, to thank theeFor thy pity, I would leave theeThis as pledge, which has its valueFrom the owner who once wore it;That thou guard it well, I charge thee,For although I do not knowWhat strange secret it may carry,This I know, that some great mysteryLies within this golden scabbard,Since relying but on itI to Poland here have travelledTo revenge a wrong.

CLOTALDO [aside.] Just heavens!What is this? Still graver, darker,Grow my doubts and my confusion,My anxieties and my anguish.--Speak, who gave you this?

ROSAURA. A woman.

CLOTALDO. And her name?

ROSAURA. To that my answerMust be silence.

CLOTALDO. But from whatDo you now infer, or fancy,That this sword involves a secret?

ROSAURA. She who gave it said: "Depart henceInto Poland, and by study,Stratagem, and skill so manageThat this sword may be inspectedBy the nobles and the magnatesOf that land, for you, I know,Will by one of them be guarded,"--But his name, lest he was dead,Was not then to me imparted.

CLOTALDO [aside]. Bless me, Heaven! what's this I hear?For so strangely has this happened,That I cannot yet determineIf 'tis real or imagined.This is the same sword that ILeft with beauteous Violante,As a pledge unto its wearer,Who might seek me out thereafter,As a son that I would love him,And protect him as a father.What is to be done (ah, me!)In confusion so entangled,If he who for safety bore itBears it now but to dispatch him,Since condemned to death he comethTo my feet? How strange a marvel!What a lamentable fortune!How unstable! how unhappy!This must be my son -- the tokensAll declare it, superaddedTo the flutter of the heart,That to see him loudly rappethAt the breast, and not being ableWith its throbs to burst its chamber,Does as one in prison, who,Hearing tumult in the alley,Strives to look from out the window;Thus, not knowing what here passesSave the noise, the heart uprushethTo the eyes the cause to examine --They the windows of the heart,Out through which in tears it glances.What is to be done? (O Heavens!)What is to be done? To drag himNow before the King were death;But to hide him from my master,That I cannot do, accordingTo my duty as a vassal.Thus my loyalty and self-loveUpon either side attack me;Each would win. But wherefore doubt?Is not loyalty a grander,Nobler thing than life, than honour?Then let loyalty live, no matterThat he die; besides, he told me,If I well recall his language,That he came to revenge a wrong,But a wronged man is a lazar,--No, he cannot be my son,Not the son of noble fathers.But if some great chance, which no oneCan be free from, should have happened,Since the delicate sense of honourIs a thing so fine, so fragile,That the slightest touch may break it,Or the faintest breath may tarnish,What could he do more, do more,He whose cheek the blue blood mantles,But at many risks to have come hereIt again to re-establish?Yes, he is my son, my blood,Since he shows himself so manly.And thus then betwixt two doubtsA mid course alone is granted:'Tis to seek the King, and tell himWho he is, let what will happen.A desire to save my honourMay appease my royal master;Should he spare his life, I thenWill assist him in demandingHis revenge; but if the KingShould, persisting in his anger,Give him death, then he will dieWithout knowing I'm his father.--Come, then, come then with me, strangers.Do not fear in your disastersThat you will not have companionsIn misfortune; for so balancedAre the gains of life or death,That I know not which are larger.

Words in this poem 16
humbly adv.
With humility; lowly.
entreat v. t.
To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to use. [OE. entreten to treat, request, OF. entraiter to treat of; pref. en- (L. in) + traitier to treat. See Treat.]
disarm v. t.
To deprive of arms; to take away the weapons of; to deprive of the means of attack or defense; to render defenseless. [OE. desarmen, F. désarmer; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + armer to arm. See Arm.]
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
thank n.
A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. [AS. Þanc, Þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. Þ\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. Þagks thanks; -]
graver n.
One who graves; an engraver or a sculptor; one whose occupation is te cut letters or figures in stone or other hard material.
infer v. t.
To bring on; to induce; to occasion. Harvey. [L. inferre to bring into, bring forward, occasion, infer; pref. in- in + ferre to carry, bring: cf. F. inférer. See 1 st Bear.]
depart v. i.
To part; to divide; to separate. [OE. departen to divide, part, depart, F. départir to divide, distribute, se départir to separate one's self, depart; pref. dé- (L. de) + partir to part, depart,]
strangely adv.
As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to something foreign and strange.
beauteous a.
Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] -- Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
thereafter adv.
After that; afterward. [AS. th\'d6ræfter after that. See There, and After.]
wherefore adv.
For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
lazar n.
A person infected with a filthy or pestilential disease; a leper. [OF. lazare, fr. Lazarus the beggar. Luke xvi. 20.]
betwixt prep.
In the space which separates; between. [OE. betwix, bitwix, rarely bitwixt, AS. betweox, betweohs, betweoh, betwih; pref. be- by + a form fr. AS. twa two. See Between.]
persisting a.
Inclined to persist; tenacious of purpose; persistent.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Act the First: Scene IV is in the public domain. This text is taken from Life Is a Dream, Project Gutenberg ebook #6363, the Denis Florence MacCarthy translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Act the First: Scene IV, in Life Is a Dream (1873), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #6363, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/calderon-life-is-a-dream/act-the-first-scene-iv.html, id L26561.

Form and metre

Act the First: Scene IV is 142 lines in 15 stanzas. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).

See other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 A-----AA prideA · hardened · humbly · thee · pity · harshness · prideA · disregardedA
  2. 2 AA------ prideA · actedA · times · sacramentales · neither · sandwich · you · pardon
  3. 8 AA-BA----B-- theeA · theeA · value · itB · theeA · know · carry · mystery · scabbard · itB · travelled · wrong
  4. 13 A-A whatA · fancy · secretA
  5. 14 ---A--AAA hence · study · manage · inspectedA · magnates · know · guardedA · deadA · impartedA
  6. 15 ------------------------------------------------A-A---------B--B-C--CDD--------- hear · happened · determine · imagined · i · violante · wearer · thereafter · him · father · me · entangled · it · him · cometh · marvel · fortune · unhappy · tokens · superadded · heart · rappeth · able · chamber · who · alley · window · passes · uprusheth · examine · heart · glances · heavens · him · death · master · according · vassal · love · me · doubt · grander · honour · matter · me · language · wrong · lazar · sonA · fathers · oneA · happened · honour · fragile · it · tarnish · more · mantles · here · establish · bloodB · manly · doubts · grantedB · him · happenC · honour · master · thenC · demandingD · kingD · anger · die · father · strangers · disasters · companions · balanced · death · larger
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
ROSAURA. Since I now have seen how pride10··········
Can offend thee, I were hardened8·˘/···/˘
Sure in folly not here humbly8··/˘··/˘
At thy feet for life to ask thee;8········
Then to me extend thy pity,8···˘/·/˘
Since it were a special harshness8····/˘/˘
If humility and pride,7·˘/˘˘··
Both alike were disregarded.8·˘/··˘/˘
CLARIN. If Humility and Pride8···˘/˘··
Those two figures who have acted8··/˘··/˘
Many and many a thousand times8/·/˘·/˘·
In the "autos sacramentales",8··/˘/˘˘˘
Do not move you, I, who am neither9·······/˘
Proud nor humble, but a sandwich8··/˘··/˘
Partly mixed of both, entreat you8/˘···˘/·
To extend to us your pardon.8·˘/···/˘
CLOTALDO. Ho!4····
SOLDIERS. My lord?4/˘··
CLOTALDO. Disarm the two,7···˘/··
And their eyes securely bandage,8···˘/˘/˘
So that they may not be able8······/˘
To see whither they are carried.8··/˘··/˘
ROSAURA. This is, sir, my sword; to thee10··········
Only would I wish to hand it,8/˘······
Since in fine of all the others8······/˘
Thou art chief, and I could hardly8······/˘
Yield it unto one less noble.8······/˘
CLARIN. Mine I'll give the greatest rascal10······/˘/˘
Of your troop: [To a Soldier.] so take it, you.11·····/˘····
ROSAURA. And if I must die, to thank thee11···········
For thy pity, I would leave thee8··/˘····
This as pledge, which has its value8······/˘
From the owner who once wore it;8··/˘····
That thou guard it well, I charge thee,8········
For although I do not know7·······
What strange secret it may carry,8··/˘··/˘
This I know, that some great mystery9······/˘˘
Lies within this golden scabbard,8····/˘/˘
Since relying but on it7·˘/˘···
I to Poland here have travelled8··/˘··/˘
To revenge a wrong.5·˘/··
CLOTALDO [aside.] Just heavens!8···˘/·/˘
What is this? Still graver, darker,8····/˘/˘
Grow my doubts and my confusion,8·····˘/˘
My anxieties and my anguish.--9·˘/˘˘··/˘
Speak, who gave you this?5·····
ROSAURA. A woman.6····/˘
CLOTALDO. And her name?6······
ROSAURA. To that my answer8······/˘
Must be silence.4··/˘
CLOTALDO. But from what6······
Do you now infer, or fancy,8···˘/·/˘
That this sword involves a secret?8···˘/·/˘
ROSAURA. She who gave it said: "Depart hence11········˘/·
Into Poland, and by study,8··/˘··/˘
Stratagem, and skill so manage8/˘˘···/˘
That this sword may be inspected8·····˘/˘
By the nobles and the magnates8··/˘··/·
Of that land, for you, I know,7·······
Will by one of them be guarded,"--8······/˘
But his name, lest he was dead,7·······
Was not then to me imparted.8·····˘/˘
CLOTALDO [aside]. Bless me, Heaven! what's this I hear?12···˘/··/····
For so strangely has this happened,8··/˘··/˘
That I cannot yet determine8··/˘·˘/˘
If 'tis real or imagined.8····˘/˘˘
This is the same sword that I7·······
Left with beauteous Violante,9··/˘˘˘˘/˘
As a pledge unto its wearer,8······/˘
Who might seek me out thereafter,8·····˘/˘
As a son that I would love him,8········
And protect him as a father.8·˘/···/˘
What is to be done (ah, me!)7·······
In confusion so entangled,8·˘/˘·˘/˘
If he who for safety bore it8····/˘··
Bears it now but to dispatch him,8·····˘/·
Since condemned to death he cometh8·˘/···/˘
To my feet? How strange a marvel!8······/˘
What a lamentable fortune!8··˘/˘˘/˘
How unstable! how unhappy!8·˘/˘·˘/˘
This must be my son -- the tokens8······/˘
All declare it, superadded8·˘/·····
To the flutter of the heart,7··/˘···
That to see him loudly rappeth8····/˘/˘
At the breast, and not being able9·····/˘/˘
With its throbs to burst its chamber,8······/˘
Does as one in prison, who,7····/˘·
Hearing tumult in the alley,8/˘/˘··/˘
Strives to look from out the window;8······/˘
Thus, not knowing what here passes8··/˘··/˘
Save the noise, the heart uprusheth8········
To the eyes the cause to examine --9······˘/˘
They the windows of the heart,7··/˘···
Out through which in tears it glances.8······/˘
What is to be done? (O Heavens!)8······/˘
What is to be done? To drag him8········
Now before the King were death;7·······
But to hide him from my master,8······/˘
That I cannot do, according8··/˘·˘/˘
To my duty as a vassal.8··/˘··/˘
Thus my loyalty and self-love8··/˘˘···
Upon either side attack me;8··/˘·˘/·
Each would win. But wherefore doubt?7····/˘·
Is not loyalty a grander,8··/˘˘·/˘
Nobler thing than life, than honour?8/˘····/˘
Then let loyalty live, no matter9··/˘˘··/˘
That he die; besides, he told me,8···˘/···
If I well recall his language,8···˘/·/˘
That he came to revenge a wrong,8····˘/··
But a wronged man is a lazar,--8······/˘
No, he cannot be my son,7··/˘···
Not the son of noble fathers.8····/˘/˘
But if some great chance, which no one8········
Can be free from, should have happened,8······/˘
Since the delicate sense of honour9··/˘˘··/˘
Is a thing so fine, so fragile,8······/˘
That the slightest touch may break it,8··/˘····
Or the faintest breath may tarnish,8··/˘··/˘
What could he do more, do more,7·······
He whose cheek the blue blood mantles,8······/˘
But at many risks to have come here8··/·····
It again to re-establish?8·˘/··˘/˘
Yes, he is my son, my blood,7·······
Since he shows himself so manly.8···˘/·/˘
And thus then betwixt two doubts7···˘/··
A mid course alone is granted:8···˘/·/˘
'Tis to seek the King, and tell him8········
Who he is, let what will happen.8······/˘
A desire to save my honour9·˘/˘···/˘
May appease my royal master;8·˘/·/˘/˘
Should he spare his life, I then7·······
Will assist him in demanding8·˘/··˘/˘
His revenge; but if the King7·˘/····
Should, persisting in his anger,8·˘/˘··/˘
Give him death, then he will die7·······
Without knowing I'm his father.--8··/˘··/˘
Come, then, come then with me, strangers.8······/˘
Do not fear in your disasters8·····˘/˘
That you will not have companions8·····˘/˘
In misfortune; for so balanced8·˘/˘··/˘
Are the gains of life or death,7·······
That I know not which are larger.8······/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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