The Bride of Abydos: Canto II

Lord Byron (1788–1824) · 1816

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 732 lines · from The Giaour, and Other Poems

The winds are high on Helle's wave,As on that night of stormy waterWhen Love, who sent, forgot to saveThe young--the beautiful--the brave--The lonely hope of Sestos' daughter.Oh! when alone along the skyHer turret-torch was blazing high,Though rising gale, and breaking foam,And shrieking sea-birds warned him home;And clouds aloft and tides below,With signs and sounds, forbade to go,He could not see, he would not hear,Or sound or sign foreboding fear;His eye but saw that light of Love,The only star it hailed above;His ear but rang with Hero's song,"Ye waves, divide not lovers long!"--That tale is old, but Love anewMay nerve young hearts to prove as true.

The winds are high and Helle's tideRolls darkly heaving to the main;And Night's descending shadows hideThat field with blood bedewed in vain,The desert of old Priam's pride;The tombs, sole relics of his reign,All--save immortal dreams that could beguileThe blind old man of Scio's rocky isle!

Oh! yet--for there my steps have been;These feet have pressed the sacred shore,These limbs that buoyant wave hath borne--Minstrel! with thee to muse, to mourn,To trace again those fields of yore,Believing every hillock greenContains no fabled hero's ashes,And that around the undoubted sceneThine own "broad Hellespont" still dashes,Be long my lot! and cold were heWho there could gaze denying thee!

The Night hath closed on Helle's stream,Nor yet hath risen on Ida's hillThat Moon, which shone on his high theme:No warrior chides her peaceful beam,But conscious shepherds bless it still.Their flocks are grazing on the MoundOf him who felt the Dardan's arrow:That mighty heap of gathered groundWhich Ammon's son ran proudly round,By nations raised, by monarchs crowned,Is now a lone and nameless barrow!Within--thy dwelling-place how narrow!Without--can only strangers breatheThe name of him that was beneath:Dust long outlasts the storied stone;But Thou--thy very dust is gone!

Late, late to-night will Dian cheerThe swain, and chase the boatman's fear;Till then--no beacon on the cliffMay shape the course of struggling skiff;The scattered lights that skirt the bay,All, one by one, have died away;The only lamp of this lone hourIs glimmering in Zuleika's tower.Yes! there is light in that lone chamber,And o'er her silken ottomanAre thrown the fragrant beads of amber,O'er which her fairy fingers ran;Near these, with emerald rays beset,(How could she thus that gem forget?)Her mother's sainted amulet,Whereon engraved the Koorsee text,Could smooth this life, and win the next;And by her Comboloio liesA Koran of illumined dyes;And many a bright emblazoned rhymeBy Persian scribes redeemed from Time;And o'er those scrolls, not oft so mute,Reclines her now neglected lute;And round her lamp of fretted goldBloom flowers in urns of China's mould;The richest work of Iran's loom,And Sheeraz tribute of perfume;

All that can eye or sense delightAre gathered in that gorgeous room:But yet it hath an air of gloom.She, of this Peri cell the sprite,What doth she hence, and on so rude a night?

Wrapt in the darkest sable vest,Which none save noblest Moslem wear,To guard from winds of Heaven the breastAs Heaven itself to Selim dear,With cautious steps the thicket threading,And starting oft, as through the gladeThe gust its hollow moanings made,Till on the smoother pathway treading,More free her timid bosom beat,The maid pursued her silent guide;And though her terror urged retreat,How could she quit her Selim's side?How teach her tender lips to chide?

They reached at length a grotto, hewnBy nature, but enlarged by art,Where oft her lute she wont to tune,And oft her Koran conned apart;And oft in youthful reverieShe dreamed what Paradise might be:Where Woman's parted soul shall goHer Prophet had disdained to show;gfBut Selim's mansion was secure,Nor deemed she, could he long endureHis bower in other worlds of blissWithout her, most beloved in this!Oh! who so dear with him could dwell?What Houri soothe him half so well?

Since last she visited the spotSome change seemed wrought within the grot:It might be only that the nightDisguised things seen by better light:That brazen lamp but dimly threwA ray of no celestial hue;But in a nook within the cellHer eye on stranger objects fell.There arms were piled, not such as wieldThe turbaned Delis in the field;But brands of foreign blade and hilt,And one was red--perchance with guilt!ggAh! how without can blood be spilt?A cup too on the board was setThat did not seem to hold sherbet.What may this mean? she turned to seeHer Selim--"Oh! can this be he?"gh

His robe of pride was thrown aside,His brow no high-crowned turban bore,But in its stead a shawl of red,Wreathed lightly round, his temples wore:That dagger, on whose hilt the gemWere worthy of a diadem,No longer glittered at his waist,Where pistols unadorned were braced;And from his belt a sabre swung,And from his shoulder loosely hungThe cloak of white, the thin capoteThat decks the wandering Candiote;Beneath--his golden plated vestClung like a cuirass to his breast;The greaves below his knee that woundWith silvery scales were sheathed and bound.But were it not that high commandSpake in his eye, and tone, and hand,All that a careless eye could seeIn him was some young Galiongee.

"I said I was not what I seemed;And now thou see'st my words were true:I have a tale thou hast not dreamed,If sooth--its truth must others rue.My story now 'twere vain to hide,I must not see thee Osman's bride:But had not thine own lips declaredHow much of that young heart I shared,I could not, must not, yet have shownThe darker secret of my own.In this I speak not now of love;That--let Time--Truth--and Peril prove:But first--Oh! never wed another--Zuleika! I am not thy brother!"

"Oh! not my brother!--yet unsay--God! am I left alone on earthTo mourn--I dare not curse--the daygiThat saw my solitary birth?Oh! thou wilt love me now no more!My sinking heart foreboded ill;But know me all I was before,Thy sister--friend--Zuleika still.Thou led'st me here perchance to kill;If thou hast cause for vengeance, see!My breast is offered--take thy fill!Far better with the dead to beThan live thus nothing now to thee:Perhaps far worse, for now I knowWhy Giaffir always seemed thy foe;And I, alas! am Giaffir's child,For whom thou wert contemned, reviled.If not thy sister--would'st thou saveMy life--Oh! bid me be thy slave!"

"My slave, Zuleika!--nay, I'm thine:But, gentle love, this transport calm,Thy lot shall yet be linked with mine;I swear it by our Prophet's shrine,gjAnd be that thought thy sorrow's balm.So may the Koran verse displayedUpon its steel direct my blade,In danger's hour to guard us both,As I preserve that awful oath!The name in which thy heart hath pridedMust change; but, my Zuleika, know,That tie is widened, not divided,Although thy Sire's my deadliest foe.My father was to Giaffir allThat Selim late was deemed to thee;That brother wrought a brother's fall,But spared, at least, my infancy!And lulled me with a vain deceitThat yet a like return may meet.He reared me, not with tender help,But like the nephew of a Cain;He watched me like a lion's whelp,That gnaws and yet may break his chain.My father's blood in every veinIs boiling! but for thy dear sakeNo present vengeance will I take;Though here I must no more remain.But first, beloved Zuleika! hearHow Giaffir wrought this deed of fear.

"How first their strife to rancour grew,If Love or Envy made them foes,It matters little if I knew;In fiery spirits, slights, though fewAnd thoughtless, will disturb repose.In war Abdallah's arm was strong,Remembered yet in Bosniac song,And Paswan's rebel hordes attestHow little love they bore such guest:His death is all I need relate,The stern effect of Giaffir's hate;And how my birth disclosed to me,gkWhate'er beside it makes, hath made me free.

"When Paswan, after years of strife,At last for power, but first for life,In Widdin's walls too proudly sate,Our Pachas rallied round the state;Not last nor least in high command,Each brother led a separate band;They gave their Horse-tails to the wind,And mustering in Sophia's plainTheir tents were pitched, their post assigned;To one, alas! assigned in vain!What need of words? the deadly bowl,By Giaffir's order drugged and given,With venom subtle as his soul,glDismissed Abdallah's hence to heaven.Reclined and feverish in the bath,He, when the hunter's sport was up,But little deemed a brother's wrathTo quench his thirst had such a cup:The bowl a bribed attendant bore;He drank one draught, nor needed more!If thou my tale, Zuleika, doubt,Call Haroun--he can tell it out.

"The deed once done, and Paswan's feudIn part suppressed, though ne'er subdued,Abdallah's Pachalick was gained:--Thou know'st not what in our DivanCan wealth procure for worse than man--Abdallah's honours were obtainedBy him a brother's murder stained;'Tis true, the purchase nearly drainedHis ill-got treasure, soon replaced.Would'st question whence? Survey the waste,And ask the squalid peasant howHis gains repay his broiling brow!--Why me the stern Usurper spared,Why thus with me his palace spared,I know not. Shame--regret--remorse--And little fear from infant's force--Besides, adoption as a sonBy him whom Heaven accorded none,Or some unknown cabal, caprice,Preserved me thus:--but not in peace:He cannot curb his haughty mood,gmNor I forgive a father's blood.

"Within thy Father's house are foes;Not all who break his bread are true:To these should I my birth disclose,His days-his very hours were few:They only want a heart to lead,A hand to point them to the deed.But Haroun only knows, or knewThis tale, whose close is almost nigh:He in Abdallah's palace grew,And held that post in his SeraiWhich holds he here--he saw him die;But what could single slavery do?Avenge his lord? alas! too late;Or save his son from such a fate?He chose the last, and when elateWith foes subdued, or friends betrayed,Proud Giaffir in high triumph sate,He led me helpless to his gate,And not in vain it seems essayedTo save the life for which he prayed.The knowledge of my birth securedFrom all and each, but most from me;Thus Giaffir's safety was ensured.Removed he too from RoumelieTo this our Asiatic side,Far from our seats by Danube's tide,With none but Haroun, who retainsSuch knowledge--and that Nubian feelsA Tyrant's secrets are but chains,From which the captive gladly steals,And this and more to me reveals:Such still to guilt just Allah sends--Slaves, tools, accomplices--no friends!

"All this, Zuleika, harshly sounds;But harsher still my tale must be:Howe'er my tongue thy softness wounds,Yet I must prove all truth to thee."gnI saw thee start this garb to see,Yet is it one I oft have worn,And long must wear: this Galiongee,To whom thy plighted vow is sworn,Is leader of those pirate hordes,Whose laws and lives are on their swords;To hear whose desolating taleWould make thy waning cheek more pale:Those arms thou see'st my band have brought,The hands that wield are not remote;This cup too for the rugged knavesIs filled--once quaffed, they ne'er repine:Our Prophet might forgive the slaves;They're only infidels in wine.

"What could I be? Proscribed at home,And taunted to a wish to roam;And listless left--for Giaffir's fearDenied the courser and the spear--Though oft--Oh, Mahomet! how oft!--In full Divan the despot scoffed,As if my weak unwilling handRefused the bridle or the brand:He ever went to war alone,And pent me here untried--unknown;To Haroun's care with women left,goBy hope unblest, of fame bereft,While thou--whose softness long endeared,Though it unmanned me, still had cheered--To Brusa's walls for safety sent,Awaited'st there the field's event.Haroun who saw my spirit pininggpBeneath inaction's sluggish yoke,His captive, though with dread resigning,My thraldom for a season broke,On promise to return beforeThe day when Giaffir's charge was o'er.'Tis vain--my tongue can not impartgqMy almost drunkenness of heart,When first this liberated eyeSurveyed Earth--Ocean--Sun--and Sky--As if my Spirit pierced them through,And all their inmost wonders knew!One word alone can paint to theeThat more than feeling--I was Free!E'en for thy presence ceased to pine;The World--nay, Heaven itself was mine!

"The shallop of a trusty MoorConveyed me from this idle shore;I longed to see the isles that gemOld Ocean's purple diadem:I sought by turns, and saw them all;But when and where I joined the crew,With whom I'm pledged to rise or fall,When all that we design to doIs done,'twill then be time more meetTo tell thee, when the tale's complete.

"'Tis true, they are a lawless brood,But rough in form, nor mild in mood;And every creed, and every race,With them hath found--may find a place:But open speech, and ready hand,Obedience to their Chief's command;A soul for every enterprise,That never sees with Terror's eyes;Friendship for each, and faith to all,And vengeance vowed for those who fall,Have made them fitting instrumentsFor more than e'en my own intents.And some--and I have studied allDistinguished from the vulgar rank,But chiefly to my council callThe wisdom of the cautious Frank:--And some to higher thoughts aspire.The last of Lambro's patriots thereAnticipated freedom share;And oft around the cavern fireOn visionary schemes debate,To snatch the Rayahs from their fate.So let them ease their hearts with prateOf equal rights, which man ne'er knew;I have a love for freedom too.Aye! let me like the ocean-Patriarch roam,Or only know on land the Tartar's home!My tent on shore, my galley on the sea,Are more than cities and Serais to me:Borne by my steed, or wafted by my sail,Across the desert, or before the gale,Bound where thou wilt, my barb! or glide, my prow!But be the Star that guides the wanderer, Thou!Thou, my Zuleika, share and bless my bark;The Dove of peace and promise to mine ark!Or, since that hope denied in worlds of strife,Be thou the rainbow to the storms of life!The evening beam that smiles the clouds away,And tints to-morrow with prophetic ray!Blest--as the Muezzin's strain from Mecca's wallTo pilgrims pure and prostrate at his call;Soft--as the melody of youthful days,That steals the trembling tear of speechless praise;Dear--as his native song to Exile's ears,grShall sound each tone thy long-loved voice endears.For thee in those bright isles is built a bowerBlooming as Aden in its earliest hour.A thousand swords, with Selim's heart and hand,Wait--wave--defend--destroy--at thy command!gsGirt by my band, Zuleika at my side,The spoil of nations shall bedeck my bride.The Haram's languid years of listless easeAre well resigned for cares--for joys like these:Not blind to Fate, I see, where'er I rove,Unnumbered perils,--but one only love!Yet well my toils shall that fond breast repay,Though Fortune frown, or falser friends betray.How dear the dream in darkest hours of ill,Should all be changed, to find thee faithful still!Be but thy soul, like Selim's firmly shown;To thee be Selim's tender as thine own;To soothe each sorrow, share in each delight,gtBlend every thought, do all--but disunite!Once free, 'tis mine our horde again to guide;Friends to each other, foes to aught beside:Yet there we follow but the bent assignedBy fatal Nature to man's warring kind:guMark! where his carnage and his conquests cease!He makes a solitude, and calls it--peace!gvI like the rest must use my skill or strength,But ask no land beyond my sabre's length:Power sways but by division--her resourcegwThe blest alternative of fraud or force!Ours be the last; in time Deceit may comeWhen cities cage us in a social home:There ev'n thy soul might err--how oft the heartCorruption shakes which Peril could not part!And Woman, more than Man, when Death or Woe,Or even Disgrace, would lay her lover low,Sunk in the lap of Luxury will shame--Away suspicion!--not Zuleika's name!But life is hazard at the best; and hereNo more remains to win, and much to fear:Yes, fear!--the doubt, the dread of losing thee,By Osman's power, and Giaffir's stern decree.That dread shall vanish with the favouring gale,Which Love to-night hath promised to my sail:gxNo danger daunts the pair his smile hath blest,Their steps still roving, but their hearts at rest.With thee all toils are sweet, each clime hath charms;Earth--sea alike--our world within our arms!Aye--let the loud winds whistle o'er the deck,So that those arms cling closer round my neck:The deepest murmur of this lip shall be,gyNo sigh for safety, but a prayer for thee!The war of elements no fears impartTo Love, whose deadliest bane is human Art:There lie the only rocks our course can check;Here moments menace--there are years of wreck!But hence ye thoughts that rise in Horror's shape!This hour bestows, or ever bars escape.gzFew words remain of mine my tale to close;Of thine but one to waft us from our foes;Yea--foes--to me will Giaffir's hate decline?And is not Osman, who would part us, thine?

"His head and faith from doubt and deathReturned in time my guard to save;Few heard, none told, that o'er the waveFrom isle to isle I roved the while:And since, though parted from my bandToo seldom now I leave the land,No deed they've done, nor deed shall do,Ere I have heard and doomed it too:I form the plan--decree the spoil--Tis fit I oftener share the toil.But now too long I've held thine ear;Time presses--floats my bark--and hereWe leave behind but hate and fear.To-morrow Osman with his trainArrives--to-night must break thy chain:And would'st thou save that haughty Bey,--Perchance his life who gave thee thine,--With me this hour away--away!But yet, though thou art plighted mine,Would'st thou recall thy willing vow,Appalled by truths imparted now,Here rest I--not to see thee wed:But be that peril on my head!"

Zuleika, mute and motionless,Stood like that Statue of Distress,When, her last hope for ever gone,The Mother hardened into stone;All in the maid that eye could seeWas but a younger Niobe.But ere her lip, or even her eye,Essayed to speak, or look reply,Beneath the garden's wicket porchFar flashed on high a blazing torch!Another--and another--and another--"Oh! fly--no more--yet now my more than brother!"Far, wide, through every thicket spreadThe fearful lights are gleaming red;Nor these alone--for each right handIs ready with a sheathless brand.They part--pursue--return, and wheelWith searching flambeau, shining steel;And last of all, his sabre waving,Stern Giaffir in his fury raving:And now almost they touch the cave--Oh! must that grot be Selim's grave?

Dauntless he stood--"'Tis come--soon past--One kiss, Zuleika--'tis my last:But yet my band not far from shoreMay hear this signal, see the flash;Yet now too few--the attempt were rash:No matter--yet one effort more."Forth to the cavern mouth he stept;His pistol's echo rang on high,Zuleika started not, nor wept,Despair benumbed her breast and eye!--"They hear me not, or if they plyTheir oars,'tis but to see me die;That sound hath drawn my foes more nigh.Then forth my father's scimitar,Thou ne'er hast seen less equal war!Farewell, Zuleika!--Sweet! retire:Yet stay within--here linger safe,At thee his rage will only chafe.Stir not--lest even to thee perchanceSome erring blade or ball should glance.Fear'st them for him?--may I expireIf in this strife I seek thy sire!No--though by him that poison poured;No--though again he call me coward!But tamely shall I meet their steel?No--as each crest save his may feel!"

One bound he made, and gained the sand:Already at his feet hath sunkThe foremost of the prying band,A gasping head, a quivering trunk:Another falls--but round him closeA swarming circle of his foes;From right to left his path he cleft,And almost met the meeting wave:His boat appears--not five oars' length--His comrades strain with desperate strength--Oh! are they yet in time to save?His feet the foremost breakers lave;His band are plunging in the bay,Their sabres glitter through the spray;Wet--wild--unwearied to the strandThey struggle--now they touch the land!They come--'tis but to add to slaughter--His heart's best blood is on the water.

Escaped from shot, unharmed by steel,Or scarcely grazed its force to feel,haHad Selim won, betrayed, beset,To where the strand and billows met;There as his last step left the land,And the last death-blow dealt his hand--Ah! wherefore did he turn to lookhbFor her his eye but sought in vain?That pause, that fatal gaze he took,Hath doomed his death, or fixed his chain.Sad proof, in peril and in pain,How late will Lover's hope remain!His back was to the dashing spray;Behind, but close, his comrades lay,When, at the instant, hissed the ball--"So may the foes of Giaffir fall!"Whose voice is heard? whose carbine rang?Whose bullet through the night-air sang,Too nearly, deadly aimed to err?'Tis thine--Abdallah's Murderer!The father slowly rued thy hate,The son hath found a quicker fate:Fast from his breast the blood is bubbling,The whiteness of the sea-foam troubling--If aught his lips essayed to groan,The rushing billows choked the tone!

Morn slowly rolls the clouds away;Few trophies of the fight are there:The shouts that shook the midnight-bayAre silent; but some signs of frayThat strand of strife may bear,And fragments of each shivered brand;Steps stamped; and dashed into the sandThe print of many a struggling handMay there be marked; nor far remoteA broken torch, an oarless boat;And tangled on the weeds that heapThe beach where shelving to the deepThere lies a white capote!'Tis rent in twain--one dark-red stainThe wave yet ripples o'er in vain:But where is he who wore?Ye! who would o'er his relics weep,Go, seek them where the surges sweepTheir burthen round Sigaeum's steepAnd cast on Lemnos' shore:The sea-birds shriek above the prey,O'er which their hungry beaks delay,hcAs shaken on his restless pillow,His head heaves with the heaving billow;That hand, whose motion is not life,hdYet feebly seems to menace strife,Flung by the tossing tide on high,Then levelled with the wave--What recks it, though that corse shall lieWithin a living grave?The bird that tears that prostrate formHath only robbed the meaner worm;The only heart, the only eyeHad bled or wept to see him die,Had seen those scattered limbs composed,And mourned above his turban-stone,That heart hath burst--that eye was closed--Yea--closed before his own!

By Helle's stream there is a voice of wail!And Woman's eye is wet--Man's cheek is pale:Zuleika! last of Giaffir's race,Thy destined lord is come too late:He sees not--ne'er shall see thy face!Can he not hearThe loud Wul-wulleh warn his distant ear?Thy handmaids weeping at the gate,The Koran-chanters of the Hymn of Fate,heThe silent slaves with folded arms that wait,Sighs in the hall, and shrieks upon the gale,Tell him thy tale!Thou didst not view thy Selim fall!That fearful moment when he left the caveThy heart grew chill:He was thy hope--thy joy--thy love--thine all,And that last thought on him thou could'st not saveSufficed to kill;Burst forth in one wild cry--and all was still.Peace to thy broken heart--and virgin grave!Ah! happy! but of life to lose the worst!That grief--though deep--though fatal--was thy first!Thrice happy! ne'er to feel nor fear the forceOf absence--shame--pride--hate--revenge--remorse!And, oh! that pang where more than Madness liesThe Worm that will not sleep--and never dies;Thought of the gloomy day and ghastly night,That dreads the darkness, and yet loathes the light,That winds around, and tears the quivering heart!Ah! wherefore not consume it--and depart!Woe to thee, rash and unrelenting Chief!Vainly thou heap'st the dust upon thy head,Vainly the sackcloth o'er thy limbs dost spread:By that same hand Abdallah--Selim bled.Now let it tear thy beard in idle grief:Thy pride of heart, thy bride for Osman's bed,She, whom thy Sultan had but seen to wed,hfThy Daughter's dead!Hope of thine age, thy twilight's lonely beam,The Star hath set that shone on Helle's stream.What quenched its ray?--the blood that thou hast shed!Hark! to the hurried question of Despair:"Where is my child?"--an Echo answers--"Where?"

Within the place of thousand tombsThat shine beneath, while dark aboveThe sad but living cypress gloomshgAnd withers not, though branch and leafAre stamped with an eternal grief,Like early unrequited Love,One spot exists, which ever blooms,Ev'n in that deadly grove--A single rose is shedding thereIts lonely lustre, meek and pale:It looks as planted by Despair--So white--so faint--the slightest galeMight whirl the leaves on high;And yet, though storms and blight assail,And hands more rude than wintry skyMay wring it from the stem--in vain--To-morrow sees it bloom again!The stalk some Spirit gently rears,And waters with celestial tears;For well may maids of Helle deemThat this can be no earthly flower,Which mocks the tempest's withering hour,And buds unsheltered by a bower;Nor droops, though Spring refuse her shower,Nor woos the Summer beam:To it the livelong night there singsA Bird unseen--but not remote:Invisible his airy wings,But soft as harp that Houri stringsHis long entrancing note!It were the Bulbul; but his throat,Though mournful, pours not such a strain:For they who listen cannot leaveThe spot, but linger there and grieve,As if they loved in vain!And yet so sweet the tears they shed,'Tis sorrow so unmixed with dread,They scarce can bear the morn to breakThat melancholy spell,And longer yet would weep and wake,He sings so wild and well!But when the day-blush bursts from highhhExpires that magic melody.And some have been who could believe,hi(So fondly youthful dreams deceive,Yet harsh be they that blame,)That note so piercing and profoundWill shape and syllable its soundInto Zuleika's name.'Tis from her cypress summit heard,That melts in air the liquid word:'Tis from her lowly virgin earthThat white rose takes its tender birth.There late was laid a marble stone;Eve saw it placed--the Morrow gone!It was no mortal arm that boreThat deep fixed pillar to the shore;For there, as Helle's legends tell,Next morn 'twas found where Selim fell;Lashed by the tumbling tide, whose waveDenied his bones a holier grave:And there by night, reclined, 'tis said.Is seen a ghastly turbaned head:And hence extended by the billow,'Tis named the "Pirate-phantom's pillow!"Where first it lay that mourning flowerHath flourished; flourisheth this hour,Alone and dewy--coldly pure and pale;As weeping Beauty's cheek at Sorrow's tale!hj

Words in this poem 118
isle v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
yore adv.
In time long past; in old time; long since. [OE. , yare, , AS. geára;akin to geár a year, E. year. Year.]
undoubted a.
Not doubted; not called in question; indubitable; indisputable; as, undoubted proof; undoubted hero.
hellespont n.
A narrow strait between Europe and Asia, now called the Daradanelles. It connects the Ægean Sea and the sea of Marmora.
lone n.
A lane. See Loanin.
nameless a.
Without a name; not having been given a name; as, a nameless star.
storied a.
Told in a story. [From Story.]
skiff n.
A small, light boat. [F. esquif, fr. OHG. skif, G. schiff. See Ship.]
sainted a.
Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious.
whereon adv.
On which; -- used relatively; as, the earth whereon we live.
comboloio n.
A Mohammedan rosary, consisting of ninety-nine beads.
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
gorgeous a.
Imposing through splendid or various colors; showy; fine; magnificent. [OF. gorgias beautiful, glorious, vain, luxurious; cf. OF. gorgias ruff, neck handkerchief, and F. gorge throat, and se pengorger to assume airs. Cf. Gorge, n.]
peri n.
An imaginary being, male or female, like an elf or fairy, represented as a descendant of fallen angels, excluded from paradise till penance is accomplished. Moore. [Per. peri a female genus, a fairy.]
sprite n.
A spirit; a soul; a shade; also, an apparition. See Spright. [OE. sprit, F. esprit, fr. L. spiritus. See Spirit, and cf. Sprightly.]
sable n.
A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
vest n.
An article of clothing covering the person; an outer garment; a vestment; a dress; a vesture; a robe. [L. vestis a garment, vesture; akin to Goth. wasti, and E. wear: cf. F. veste. See Wear to carry on the person, and cf. Divest, Invest, Travesty.]
glade n.
An open passage through a wood; a grassy open or cleared space in a forest. [Prob. of Scand. origin, and akin to glad, a.; cf. also W. golead, goleuad, a lighting, illumination, fr. goleu light, clear, bright, goleu fwlch glade, lit., a ]
smoother n.
One who, or that which, smooths.
pathway n.
A footpath; a beaten track; any path or course. Also used figuratively.
reverie n.
A loose or irregular train of thought occurring in musing or mediation; deep musing; daydream. [F. réverie, fr. rêver to dream, rave, be light-headed. Cf. Rave.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
mansion n.
A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Men]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
houri n.
A nymph of paradise; -- so called by the Mohammedans. [Per. huri, hura, hur; akin to Ar. hur, pl. of ahwar beautiful-eyed, black-eyed.]
soothe v. t.
To assent to as true. Testament of Love. [Originally, to assent to as true; OE. so to verify, AS. ges to prove the truth of, to bear witness. See Sooth, a.]
dimly adv.
In a dim or obscure manner; not brightly or clearly; with imperfect sight.
nook n.
A narrow place formed by an angle in bodies or between bodies; a corner; a recess; a secluded retreat. [OE. nok; cf. Gael. & Ir. niuc.]
piled a.
Having a pile or point; pointed. [From 2d Pile.]
wield v. t.
To govern; to rule; to keep, or have in charge; also, to possess. [OE. welden to govern, to have power over, to possess, AS. geweldan, gewyldan, from wealdan; akin to OS. waldan, OFries. walda, G. walten, OHG. waltan, Icel. val]
turbaned a.
Wearing a turban.
sabre n.
A sword with a broad and heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or less curved like a scimiter; a cavalry sword. Saber fish, or Sabre fish (Zoöl.), the cutlass fish.
capote n.
A long cloak or overcoat, especially one with a hood. [Sp. capote (cf. F. capote.), fr. LL. capa cape, cloak. See Cap.]
clung a.
Wasted away; shrunken. [Prop. p. p. fr. OE. clingen to wither. See Cling, v. i.]
greaves n.
The sediment of melted tallow. It is made into cakes for dogs' food. In Scotland it is called cracklings. [Cf. dial. Sw. grevar greaves, LG. greven, G. griebe, also AS. greofa pot. Cf. Gravy.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
sooth a.
True; faithful; trustworthy. [OE. soth, AS. s, for san; akin to OS. s, OHG. sand, Icel. sannr, Sw. sann, Dan. sand, Skr. sat, sant, real, genuine, present, being; properly p. pr. from a root]
unsay v. t.
To recant or recall, as what has been said; to refract; to take back again; to make as if not said. [1st pref. un- + say.]
nephew n.
A grandson or grandchild, or remoter lineal descendant. [OE. neveu, nevou, nevu, fr. F. neveu, OF. also, nevou, L. nepos; akin to AS. nefa, D. neef, G. neffe, OHG. nevo, Icel. nefi a kinsman, gr. nepat grandson, desce]
whelp n.
One of the young of a dog or a beast of prey; a puppy; a cub; as, a lion's whelps. [AS. hwelp; akin to D. welp, G. & OHG. welf, Icel. hvelpr, Dan. hvalp, Sw. valp.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
rancour n.
The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred. [OE. rancour, OF. rancor, rancur, F. rancune, fr. L. rancor rancidity, rankness; tropically, an old grudge, rancor, fr. rancere to be rank or rancid.]
rebel a.
Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops. [F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. t.]
attest v. t.
To bear witness to; to certify; to affirm to be true or genuine; as, to attest the truth of a writing, a copy of record. [L. attestari; ad + testari to bear witness: cf. F. attester.]
sate v. t.
To satisfy the desire or appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit. [Probably shortened fr. satiate: cf. L. satus full. See Satiate.]
reclined a.
Falling or turned downward; reclinate.
drank n.
Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
divan n.
A book; esp., a collection of poems written by one author; as, the divan of Hafiz. [Persia] [Per. diwan a book of many leaves, an account book, a collection of books, a senate, council: cf. Ar. daiwan, F. divan.]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
squalid a.
Dirty through neglect; foul; filthy; extremely dirty. [L. squalidus, fr. squalere to be foul or filthy.]
usurper n.
One who usurps; especially, one who seizes illegally on sovereign power; as, the usurper of a throne, of power, or of the rights of a patron.
cabal n.
Tradition; occult doctrine. See Cabala Hakewill. [F. cabale cabal, cabala LL. cabala cabala, fr. Heb. qabbaleh reception, tradition, mysterious doctrine, fr. qabal to take or receive, in Piël qibbel to abopt (a]
haughty a.
High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
serai n.
A palace; a seraglio; also, in the East, a place for the accommodation of travelers; a caravansary, or rest house. [Per. sera\'8b, or saraï, a palace, a king's court, a seraglio, an inn. Cf. Caravansary.]
elate a.
Lifted up; raised; elevated. [L. elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure, perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out + latus (used as p. p. of ferre to bear), for tlatus, a]
nubian a.
Of or pertaining to Nubia in Eastern Africa.
gladly adv.
Preferably; by choice. [From Glad, a.]
allah n.
The name of the Supreme Being, in use among the Arabs and the Mohammedans generally. [contr. fr. the article al the + ilah God.]
garb n.
External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of speech. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. garawi, garwi, ornament, dress. akin to E. gear. See Gear, n.]
waning n.
The act or process of waning, or decreasing.
repine v. i.
To fail; to wane. [Pref. re- + pine to languish.]
listless a.
Having no desire or inclination; indifferent; heedless; spiritless. [OE. listles, lustles. See Lust.]
courser n.
One who courses or hunts. [F. coursier.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
pent p. p.
Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up. [From Pen, v. t.]
unblest a.
Not blest; excluded from benediction; hence, accursed; wretched. [Pref. un- not + blessed, blest.]
unmanned a.
Etym: [Properly p. p. of unman.]
thraldom n.
The condition of a thrall; slavery; bondage; state of servitude. [Icel. . See Thrall, and -dom.]
broke v. i.
To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
inmost a.
Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part; innermost. [OE. innemest, AS. innemest, a double superlative form fr. inne within, fr. in in. The modern form is due to confusion with most. See In, and cf. Aftermost, Fore]
aspire v. t.
To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to.
steed n.
A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
speechless a.
Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.
girt v. t.
To gird; to encircle; to invest by means of a girdle; to measure the girth of; as, to girt a tree. [From Girt, n., cf. Girth, v.]
bedeck v. t.
To deck, ornament, or adorn; to grace.
resigned a.
Submissive; yielding; not disposed to resist or murmur.
unnumbered a.
Not numbered; not counted or estimated; innumerable.
horde n.
A wandering troop or gang; especially, a clan or tribe of a nomadic people migrating from place to place for the sake of pasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory multitude. Thomson. [F. horde (cf. G. horde), fr. Turk. ord, ordi, camp; of Tartar origin.]
aught n.
Property; possession. [AS. , fr. agan to own, p. p. ahte.]
carnage n.
Flesh of slain animals or men. [F. carnage, LL. carnaticum tribute of animals, flesh of animals, fr. L. caro, carnis, flesh. See Carnal.]
clime n.
A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate. [L. clima. See Climate.]
closer n.
One who, or that which, closes; specifically, a boot closer. See under Boot.
bane v. t.
To be the bane of; to ruin. Fuller.
waft v. t.
To give notice to by waving something; to wave the hand to; to beckon. [Prob. originally imp. & p. p. of wave, v. t. See Wave to waver.]
niobe n.
The daughter of Tantalus, and wife of Amphion, king of Thebes.
sheathless a.
Without a sheath or case for covering; unsheathed.
flambeau n.
A flaming torch, esp. one made by combining together a number of thick wicks invested with a quick-burning substance (anciently, perhaps, wax; in modern times, pitch or the like); hence, any torch. [F., fr. OF. flambe flame, for flamble, from L. flammula a little flame, dim. of flamma flame. See Flame.]
dauntless a.
Incapable of being daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless; intrepid.
scimitar n.
A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted from Per. shimshir.]
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
tamely adv.
In a tame manner.
prying a.
Inspecting closely or impertinently.
desperate a.
Without hope; given to despair; hopeless. [L. desperatus, p. p. of desperare. See Despair, and cf. Desperado.]
lave v. t.
To lade, dip, or pour out. [OE. laven. See Lavish.]
wherefore adv.
For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
shook v. t.
To pack, as staves, in a shook.
oarless a.
Without oars. Sylvester.
shelving a.
Sloping gradually; inclining; as, a shelving shore.
twain a.
Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
heaves n.
A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing, with heaving of the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough; broken wind.
billow n.
A great wave or surge of the sea or other water, caused usually by violent wind. [Cf. Icel. bylgja billow, Dan. bölge, Sw. bölja; akin to MHG. bulge billow, bag, and to E. bulge. See Bulge.]
corse n.
A living body or its bulk. [OF. cors, F. corps. See Corpse.]
didst
, the 2d pers. sing. imp. of Do.
depart v. i.
To part; to divide; to separate. [OE. departen to divide, part, depart, F. départir to divide, distribute, se départir to separate one's self, depart; pref. dé- (L. de) + partir to part, depart,]
unrelenting a.
Not relenting; unyielding; rigid; hard; stern; cruel.
sackcloth n.
Linen or cotton cloth such a sacks are made of; coarse cloth; anciently, a cloth or garment worn in mourning, distress, mortification, or penitence.
withers n.
The ridge between the shoulder bones of a horse, at the base of the neck. See Illust. of Horse. [Properly, the parts which resist the pull or strain in drawing a load; fr. OE. wither resistance, AS. withre, fr. wither against; akin to G. widerrist withers. ]
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
wintry a.
Suitable to winter; resembling winter, or what belongs to winter; brumal; hyemal; cold; stormy; wintery. [AS. wintrig.]
deem v. t.
To decide; to judge; to sentence; to condemn. [OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS. d, fr. d doom; akin to OFries. d, OS. ad, D. doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel. dæma, Sw. dömma, Dan. dömme, Goth. d. See Doom, n., an]
withering a.
Tending to wither; causing to shrink or fade.
livelong a.
Whole; entire; long in passing; -- used of time, as day or night, in adverbial phrases, and usually with a sense of tediousness. [For lifelong. Cf. Lifelong.]
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
bulbul n.
The Persian nightingale (Pycnonotus jocosus). The name is also applied to several other Asiatic singing birds, of the family Timaliidæ. The green bulbuls belong to the Chloropsis and allied genera. [Per.]
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
fondly adv.
Foolishly. Verstegan (1673).
coldly adv.
In a cold manner; without warmth, animation, or feeling; with indifference; calmly.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Bride of Abydos: Canto II is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Works of Lord Byron. Vol. 3, Project Gutenberg ebook #21811; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Lord Byron, The Bride of Abydos: Canto II, in The Giaour, and Other Poems (1816), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #21811, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/byron-works-3/canto-ii-ge-ii.html, id L23880.

Form and metre

The Bride of Abydos: Canto II is 732 lines in 29 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 50% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAABCCDDEEFFGGHHII waveA · waterB · saveA · braveA · daughterB · skyC · highC · foamD · homeD · belowE · goE · hearF · fearF · loveG · aboveG · songH · longH · anewI · trueI
  2. 2 ABABABCC tideA · mainB · hideA · vainB · prideA · reignB · beguileC · isleC
  3. 3 -ABBACDCDEE been · shoreA · borneB · mournB · yoreA · greenC · ashesD · sceneC · dashesD · heE · theeE
  4. 4 ABAABCDCCCDD---- streamA · hillB · themeA · beamA · stillB · moundC · arrowD · groundC · roundC · crownedC · barrowD · narrowD · breathe · beneath · stone · gone
  5. 5 AABBCCDD-E-EFFFGGHHIIJJKKLL cheerA · fearA · cliffB · skiffB · bayC · awayC · hourD · towerD · chamber · ottomanE · amber · ranE · besetF · forgetF · amuletF · textG · nextG · liesH · dyesH · rhymeI · timeI · muteJ · luteJ · goldK · mouldK · loomL · perfumeL
  6. 6 ABBAA delightA · roomB · gloomB · spriteA · nightA
  7. 7 ABABCDDCEFEFF vestA · wearB · breastA · dearB · threadingC · gladeD · madeD · treadingC · beatE · guideF · retreatE · sideF · chideF
  8. 8 ABABCCDDEEFFGG hewnA · artB · tuneA · apartB · reverieC · beC · goD · show;gfD · secureE · endureE · blissF · thisF · dwellG · wellG
  9. 9 --AABBCCDDE-EFF-- spot · grot · nightA · lightA · threwB · hueB · cellC · fellC · wieldD · fieldD · hiltE · guilt!gg · spiltE · setF · sherbetF · see · —
  10. 10 -A-ABBCCDDEEFFGGHH-- aside · boreA · red · woreA · gemB · diademB · waistC · bracedC · swungD · hungD · capoteE · candioteE · vestF · breastF · woundG · boundG · commandH · handH · see · galiongee
  11. 11 ABABCCDDEEFFGG seemedA · trueB · dreamedA · rueB · hideC · brideC · declaredD · sharedD · shownE · ownE · loveF · proveF · anotherG · brotherG
  12. 12 -A-ABCBCCDCDDEEFFGG unsay · earthA · daygi · birthA · moreB · illC · beforeB · stillC · killC · seeD · fillC · beD · theeD · knowE · foeE · childF · reviledF · saveG · slaveG
  13. 13 ABA-BCCDDCE-EF-F-GGHIHIIJJIKK thineA · calmB · mineA · shrine,gj · balmB · displayedC · bladeC · bothD · oathD · pridedC · knowE · divided · foeE · allF · thee · fallF · infancy · deceitG · meetG · helpH · cainI · whelpH · chainI · veinI · sakeJ · takeJ · remainI · hearK · fearK
  14. 14 ABAABCCDDEE-- grewA · foesB · knewA · fewA · reposeB · strongC · songC · attestD · guestD · relateE · hateE · me,gk · free
  15. 15 AABBCCDEDE-E-EFGFGHHII strifeA · lifeA · sateB · stateB · commandC · bandC · windD · plainE · assignedD · vainE · bowl · givenE · soul,gl · heavenE · bathF · upG · wrathF · cupG · boreH · moreH · doubtI · outI
  16. 16 AABCCBBBDDEEFFGGHHII-- feudA · subduedA · gainedB · divanC · manC · obtainedB · stainedB · drainedB · replacedD · wasteD · howE · browE · sparedF · sparedF · remorseG · forceG · sonH · noneH · capriceI · peaceI · mood,gm · blood
  17. 17 ABAB--BCB-CBDDDEDDEEF-F-GGHIHIIJJ foesA · trueB · discloseA · fewB · lead · deed · knewB · nighC · grewB · serai · dieC · doB · lateD · fateD · elateD · betrayedE · sateD · gateD · essayedE · prayedE · securedF · me · ensuredF · roumelie · sideG · tideG · retainsH · feelsI · chainsH · stealsI · revealsI · sendsJ · friendsJ
  18. 18 -A--AB-BCCDD--E-E- sounds · beA · wounds · — · seeA · wornB · galiongee · swornB · hordesC · swordsC · taleD · paleD · brought · remote · knavesE · repine · slavesE · wine
  19. 19 AABBCCDDEE--FFGG-H-H----IIJJIIKK homeA · roamA · fearB · spearB · oftC · scoffedC · handD · brandD · aloneE · unknownE · left,go · bereft · endearedF · cheeredF · sentG · eventG · pininggp · yokeH · resigning · brokeH · before · o'er · impartgq · heart · eyeI · skyI · throughJ · knewJ · theeI · freeI · pineK · mineK
  20. 20 --AABCBCDD moor · shore · gemA · diademA · allB · crewC · fallB · doC · meetD · completeD
  21. 21 AABBCCDDEEFFEGEG-HH-IIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSS--TT--UUVV--WWXXYY--ZZ----aa--bbccddeeffgg--hhiijj--kkll----mm broodA · moodA · raceB · placeB · handC · commandC · enterpriseD · eyesD · allE · fallE · instrumentsF · intentsF · allE · rankG · callE · frankG · aspire · thereH · shareH · fire · debateI · fateI · prateI · knewJ · tooJ · roamK · homeK · seaL · meL · sailM · galeM · prowN · thouN · barkO · arkO · strifeP · lifeP · awayQ · rayQ · wallR · callR · daysS · praiseS · ears,gr · endears · bowerT · hourT · hand · command!gs · sideU · brideU · easeV · theseV · rove · love · repayW · betrayW · illX · stillX · shownY · ownY · delight,gt · disunite · guideZ · besideZ · assigned · kind:gu · cease · peace!gv · strengtha · lengtha · resourcegw · force · comeb · homeb · heartc · partc · woed · lowd · shamee · namee · heref · fearf · theeg · decreeg · gale · sail:gx · blesth · resth · charmsi · armsi · deckj · neckj · be,gy · thee · impartk · artk · checkl · wreckl · shape · escape.gz · close · foes · declinem · thinem
  22. 22 -AA-BBCCDDEEEFFGHGHIIJJ death · saveA · waveA · while · bandB · landB · doC · tooC · spoilD · toilD · earE · hereE · fearE · trainF · chainF · beyG · thineH · awayG · mineH · vowI · nowI · wedJ · headJ
  23. 23 AA--B-BBCCDDEEFFGGHHII motionlessA · distressA · gone · stone · seeB · niobe · eyeB · replyB · porchC · torchC · anotherD · brotherD · spreadE · redE · handF · brandF · wheelG · steelG · wavingH · ravingH · caveI · graveI
  24. 24 AABCCBDEDEEEE-BFGGHHF---II pastA · lastA · shoreB · flashC · rashC · moreB · steptD · highE · weptD · eyeE · plyE · dieE · nighE · scimitar · warB · retireF · safeG · chafeG · perchanceH · glanceH · expireF · sire · poured · coward · steelI · feelI
  25. 25 ABABCC-DEEDDFFAAGG sandA · sunkB · bandA · trunkB · closeC · foesC · cleft · waveD · lengthE · strengthE · saveD · laveD · bayF · sprayF · strandA · landA · slaughterG · waterG
  26. 26 --AABB-C-CCCDDEEFF--GGHHII steel · feel,ha · besetA · metA · landB · handB · lookhb · vainC · took · chainC · painC · remainC · sprayD · layD · ballE · fallE · rangF · sangF · err · murderer · hateG · fateG · bubblingH · troublingH · groanI · toneI
  27. 27 ABAABCCCDDEEDFFGHHHG--II--JKJK--JJLMLM awayA · thereB · bayA · frayA · bearB · brandC · sandC · handC · remoteD · boatD · heapE · deepE · capoteD · stainF · vainF · woreG · weepH · sweepH · steepH · shoreG · prey · delay,hc · pillowI · billowI · life,hd · strife · highJ · waveK · lieJ · graveK · form · worm · eyeJ · dieJ · composedL · stoneM · closedL · ownM
  28. 28 AABCBDDC-CEEFGHFGHHGIIJJKKLLMMNOOONO-OPPOQQ wailA · paleA · raceB · lateC · faceB · hearD · earD · gateC · fate,he · waitC · galeE · taleE · fallF · caveG · chillH · allF · saveG · killH · stillH · graveG · worstI · firstI · forceJ · remorseJ · liesK · diesK · nightL · lightL · heartM · departM · chiefN · headO · spreadO · bledO · griefN · bedO · wed,hf · deadO · beamP · streamP · shedO · despairQ · whereQ
  29. 29 -A-BBA--CDCDEDE-----FFFF-GHGGHHIJJIKKLMLM----NOONPPQQ--RRSSTTUUVVWW-- tombs · aboveA · gloomshg · leafB · griefB · loveA · blooms · grove · thereC · paleD · despairC · galeD · highE · assailD · skyE · vain · again · rears · tears · deem · flowerF · hourF · bowerF · showerF · beam · singsG · remoteH · wingsG · stringsG · noteH · throatH · strainI · leaveJ · grieveJ · vainI · shedK · dreadK · breakL · spellM · wakeL · wellM · highhh · melody · believe,hi · deceive · blameN · profoundO · soundO · nameN · heardP · wordP · earthQ · birthQ · stone · gone · boreR · shoreR · tellS · fellS · waveT · graveT · saidU · headU · billowV · pillowV · flowerW · hourW · pale · tale!hj
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The winds are high on Helle's wave,7·······
As on that night of stormy water9·····/˘/˘
When Love, who sent, forgot to save8····˘/··
The young--the beautiful--the brave--8···/˘˘··
The lonely hope of Sestos' daughter.9·/˘····/˘
Oh! when alone along the sky8··˘/˘/··
Her turret-torch was blazing high,8·/˘··/˘·
Though rising gale, and breaking foam,8·/˘··/˘·
And shrieking sea-birds warned him home;8·/˘·····
And clouds aloft and tides below,8··˘/····
With signs and sounds, forbade to go,8····˘/··
He could not see, he would not hear,8········
Or sound or sign foreboding fear;8····˘/˘·
His eye but saw that light of Love,8········
The only star it hailed above;8·/˘·····
His ear but rang with Hero's song,8·····/˘·
"Ye waves, divide not lovers long!"--8··˘/·/˘·
That tale is old, but Love anew8······˘/
May nerve young hearts to prove as true.8········
The winds are high and Helle's tide7·······
Rolls darkly heaving to the main;8·/˘/˘···
And Night's descending shadows hide8··˘/˘/··
That field with blood bedewed in vain,8········
The desert of old Priam's pride;8·/˘··/··
The tombs, sole relics of his reign,8···/˘···
All--save immortal dreams that could beguile10··˘/˘···˘/
The blind old man of Scio's rocky isle!10·····/˘/˘·
Oh! yet--for there my steps have been;8········
These feet have pressed the sacred shore,8·····/˘·
These limbs that buoyant wave hath borne--8···/˘···
Minstrel! with thee to muse, to mourn,8/˘······
To trace again those fields of yore,8··˘/····
Believing every hillock green8˘/˘/˘/˘·
Contains no fabled hero's ashes,9˘/·/˘/˘/˘
And that around the undoubted scene9·····˘/˘·
Thine own "broad Hellespont" still dashes,9···/˘˘·/˘
Be long my lot! and cold were he8········
Who there could gaze denying thee!8····˘/˘·
The Night hath closed on Helle's stream,8····˘···
Nor yet hath risen on Ida's hill9···/˘·/˘·
That Moon, which shone on his high theme:8········
No warrior chides her peaceful beam,8·/˘··/˘·
But conscious shepherds bless it still.8·/˘/˘···
Their flocks are grazing on the Mound8···/˘···
Of him who felt the Dardan's arrow:9·······/˘
That mighty heap of gathered ground8·/˘··/˘·
Which Ammon's son ran proudly round,8·/˘··/˘·
By nations raised, by monarchs crowned,8·/˘··/··
Is now a lone and nameless barrow!9·····/˘/˘
Within--thy dwelling-place how narrow!9···/˘··/˘
Without--can only strangers breathe8···/˘/˘·
The name of him that was beneath:8········
Dust long outlasts the storied stone;8··˘/·/˘·
But Thou--thy very dust is gone!8···/˘···
Late, late to-night will Dian cheer8·····/˘·
The swain, and chase the boatman's fear;8·····/˘·
Till then--no beacon on the cliff8···/˘···
May shape the course of struggling skiff;8·····/˘·
The scattered lights that skirt the bay,8·/˘·····
All, one by one, have died away;8······˘/
The only lamp of this lone hour9·/˘····/˘
Is glimmering in Zuleika's tower.8·/˘····/
Yes! there is light in that lone chamber,9·······/˘
And o'er her silken ottoman8···/˘/˘˘
Are thrown the fragrant beads of amber,9···/˘··/˘
O'er which her fairy fingers ran;8···/˘/˘·
Near these, with emerald rays beset,8···/˘·˘/
(How could she thus that gem forget?)8······˘/
Her mother's sainted amulet,8·/˘/˘/˘˘
Whereon engraved the Koorsee text,8˘/˘/····
Could smooth this life, and win the next;8········
And by her Comboloio lies7·······
A Koran of illumined dyes;8·˘/·˘/˘·
And many a bright emblazoned rhyme8·/··˘/˘·
By Persian scribes redeemed from Time;8·/˘·˘/··
And o'er those scrolls, not oft so mute,8········
Reclines her now neglected lute;8˘/··˘/˘·
And round her lamp of fretted gold8·····/˘·
Bloom flowers in urns of China's mould;8·/···/˘·
The richest work of Iran's loom,8·/˘···/·
And Sheeraz tribute of perfume;8···/˘·˘/
All that can eye or sense delight8······˘/
Are gathered in that gorgeous room:8·/˘··/˘·
But yet it hath an air of gloom.8········
She, of this Peri cell the sprite,8···/˘···
What doth she hence, and on so rude a night?10··········
Wrapt in the darkest sable vest,8···/˘/˘·
Which none save noblest Moslem wear,8···/˘/˘·
To guard from winds of Heaven the breast8·····/··
As Heaven itself to Selim dear,8·/˘/····
With cautious steps the thicket threading,9·/˘··/˘/˘
And starting oft, as through the glade8·/˘·····
The gust its hollow moanings made,8···/˘/˘·
Till on the smoother pathway treading,9···/˘/·/˘
More free her timid bosom beat,8···/˘/˘·
The maid pursued her silent guide;8··˘/·/˘·
And though her terror urged retreat,8···/˘·˘/
How could she quit her Selim's side?8········
How teach her tender lips to chide?8···/˘···
They reached at length a grotto, hewn8·····/··
By nature, but enlarged by art,8·/˘·˘/··
Where oft her lute she wont to tune,8········
And oft her Koran conned apart;8···˘/·˘/
And oft in youthful reverie8···/˘/˘˘
She dreamed what Paradise might be:8···/˘···
Where Woman's parted soul shall go8·/˘/˘···
Her Prophet had disdained to show;gf9·/˘·˘/···
But Selim's mansion was secure,8···/˘·˘/
Nor deemed she, could he long endure8······˘/
His bower in other worlds of bliss8·/·/˘···
Without her, most beloved in this!8····˘/··
Oh! who so dear with him could dwell?8········
What Houri soothe him half so well?8·/˘·····
Since last she visited the spot8···/˘˘··
Some change seemed wrought within the grot:8········
It might be only that the night8···/˘···
Disguised things seen by better light:8˘/···/˘·
That brazen lamp but dimly threw8·/˘··/˘·
A ray of no celestial hue;8····˘/˘·
But in a nook within the cell8········
Her eye on stranger objects fell.8···/˘/˘·
There arms were piled, not such as wield8········
The turbaned Delis in the field;8·/˘/˘···
But brands of foreign blade and hilt,8···/˘···
And one was red--perchance with guilt!gg9····˘/···
Ah! how without can blood be spilt?8········
A cup too on the board was set8········
That did not seem to hold sherbet.8······/˘
What may this mean? she turned to see8········
Her Selim--"Oh! can this be he?"gh9·········
His robe of pride was thrown aside,8······˘/
His brow no high-crowned turban bore,8·····/˘·
But in its stead a shawl of red,8········
Wreathed lightly round, his temples wore:8·/˘··/˘·
That dagger, on whose hilt the gem8·/˘·····
Were worthy of a diadem,8·/˘··/˘·
No longer glittered at his waist,8·/˘/˘···
Where pistols unadorned were braced;8·/˘·˘/··
And from his belt a sabre swung,8·····/˘·
And from his shoulder loosely hung8···/˘/˘·
The cloak of white, the thin capote8······˘/
That decks the wandering Candiote;8···/˘˘··
Beneath--his golden plated vest8···/˘/˘·
Clung like a cuirass to his breast;8···˘/···
The greaves below his knee that wound8········
With silvery scales were sheathed and bound.8·/˘·····
But were it not that high command8······˘/
Spake in his eye, and tone, and hand,8········
All that a careless eye could see8···/˘···
In him was some young Galiongee.8········
"I said I was not what I seemed;8········
And now thou see'st my words were true:8········
I have a tale thou hast not dreamed,8········
If sooth--its truth must others rue.8·····/˘·
My story now 'twere vain to hide,8·/˘·····
I must not see thee Osman's bride:8·····/˘·
But had not thine own lips declared8······˘/
How much of that young heart I shared,8········
I could not, must not, yet have shown8········
The darker secret of my own.8·/˘/˘···
In this I speak not now of love;8········
That--let Time--Truth--and Peril prove:8·····/˘·
But first--Oh! never wed another--9···/˘·˘/˘
Zuleika! I am not thy brother!"9·······/˘
"Oh! not my brother!--yet unsay--8···/˘···
God! am I left alone on earth8····˘/··
To mourn--I dare not curse--the daygi9·········
That saw my solitary birth?8···/˘·˘·
Oh! thou wilt love me now no more!8········
My sinking heart foreboded ill;8·/˘·˘/˘·
But know me all I was before,8········
Thy sister--friend--Zuleika still.8·/˘·····
Thou led'st me here perchance to kill;8····˘/··
If thou hast cause for vengeance, see!8·····/˘·
My breast is offered--take thy fill!8···/˘···
Far better with the dead to be8·/˘·····
Than live thus nothing now to thee:8···/˘···
Perhaps far worse, for now I know8˘/······
Why Giaffir always seemed thy foe;8···/····
And I, alas! am Giaffir's child,8··˘/····
For whom thou wert contemned, reviled.8······˘/
If not thy sister--would'st thou save8···/˘···
My life--Oh! bid me be thy slave!"8········
"My slave, Zuleika!--nay, I'm thine:8········
But, gentle love, this transport calm,8·/˘··/˘·
Thy lot shall yet be linked with mine;8········
I swear it by our Prophet's shrine,gj9····//˘··
And be that thought thy sorrow's balm.8·····/˘·
So may the Koran verse displayed8···˘/·˘/
Upon its steel direct my blade,8····˘/··
In danger's hour to guard us both,8·/˘/····
As I preserve that awful oath!8··˘/·/˘·
The name in which thy heart hath prided9·······/˘
Must change; but, my Zuleika, know,8········
That tie is widened, not divided,9···/˘·˘/˘
Although thy Sire's my deadliest foe.8·····/˘·
My father was to Giaffir all8·/˘·····
That Selim late was deemed to thee;8········
That brother wrought a brother's fall,8·/˘··/˘·
But spared, at least, my infancy!8·····/˘˘
And lulled me with a vain deceit8······˘/
That yet a like return may meet.8····˘/··
He reared me, not with tender help,8·····/˘·
But like the nephew of a Cain;8···/˘···
He watched me like a lion's whelp,8·····/˘·
That gnaws and yet may break his chain.8········
My father's blood in every vein8·/˘··/˘·
Is boiling! but for thy dear sake8·/˘·····
No present vengeance will I take;8·/˘/˘···
Though here I must no more remain.8······˘/
But first, beloved Zuleika! hear8··˘/····
How Giaffir wrought this deed of fear.8········
"How first their strife to rancour grew,8·····/˘·
If Love or Envy made them foes,8···/˘···
It matters little if I knew;8·/˘/˘···
In fiery spirits, slights, though few8·/˘/˘···
And thoughtless, will disturb repose.8·/˘·˘/˘/
In war Abdallah's arm was strong,8···/˘···
Remembered yet in Bosniac song,8˘/˘·····
And Paswan's rebel hordes attest8···/˘·˘/
How little love they bore such guest:8·/˘·····
His death is all I need relate,8······˘/
The stern effect of Giaffir's hate;8··˘/····
And how my birth disclosed to me,gk9····˘/···
Whate'er beside it makes, hath made me free.11˘˘/˘/······
"When Paswan, after years of strife,8········
At last for power, but first for life,8···/····
In Widdin's walls too proudly sate,8·····/˘·
Our Pachas rallied round the state;8/··/˘···
Not last nor least in high command,8······˘/
Each brother led a separate band;9·/˘··/˘··
They gave their Horse-tails to the wind,8········
And mustering in Sophia's plain8·/˘·˘/˘·
Their tents were pitched, their post assigned;8······˘/
To one, alas! assigned in vain!8··˘/˘/··
What need of words? the deadly bowl,8·····/˘·
By Giaffir's order drugged and given,9···/˘··/˘
With venom subtle as his soul,gl9·/˘/˘····
Dismissed Abdallah's hence to heaven.9˘/·/˘··/˘
Reclined and feverish in the bath,8˘/·/˘···
He, when the hunter's sport was up,8···/˘···
But little deemed a brother's wrath8·/˘··/˘·
To quench his thirst had such a cup:8········
The bowl a bribed attendant bore;8····˘/˘·
He drank one draught, nor needed more!8·····/˘·
If thou my tale, Zuleika, doubt,8········
Call Haroun--he can tell it out.8········
"The deed once done, and Paswan's feud8········
In part suppressed, though ne'er subdued,8··˘/··˘/
Abdallah's Pachalick was gained:--8·/˘·····
Thou know'st not what in our Divan8·····/˘/
Can wealth procure for worse than man--8··˘/····
Abdallah's honours were obtained8·/˘/˘·˘/
By him a brother's murder stained;8···/˘/˘·
'Tis true, the purchase nearly drained8···/˘/˘·
His ill-got treasure, soon replaced.8···/˘··/
Would'st question whence? Survey the waste,8·/˘·˘/··
And ask the squalid peasant how8···/˘/˘·
His gains repay his broiling brow!--8··˘/·/˘·
Why me the stern Usurper spared,8····˘/˘·
Why thus with me his palace spared,8·····/˘·
I know not. Shame--regret--remorse--8····˘/˘/
And little fear from infant's force--8·/˘··/˘·
Besides, adoption as a son8˘/˘/˘···
By him whom Heaven accorded none,8···/˘/˘·
Or some unknown cabal, caprice,8··˘/˘/˘/
Preserved me thus:--but not in peace:8˘/······
He cannot curb his haughty mood,gm9·/˘··/˘··
Nor I forgive a father's blood.8··˘/·/˘·
"Within thy Father's house are foes;8···/˘···
Not all who break his bread are true:8········
To these should I my birth disclose,8······˘/
His days-his very hours were few:8···/˘/··
They only want a heart to lead,8·/˘·····
A hand to point them to the deed.8········
But Haroun only knows, or knew8···/˘···
This tale, whose close is almost nigh:8·····/··
He in Abdallah's palace grew,8···/˘/˘·
And held that post in his Serai9······˘/˘
Which holds he here--he saw him die;8········
But what could single slavery do?8···/˘/˘·
Avenge his lord? alas! too late;8˘/··˘/··
Or save his son from such a fate?8········
He chose the last, and when elate8······˘/
With foes subdued, or friends betrayed,8··˘/··˘/
Proud Giaffir in high triumph sate,8·····/˘·
He led me helpless to his gate,8···/˘···
And not in vain it seems essayed8······˘/
To save the life for which he prayed.8········
The knowledge of my birth secured8·/˘···˘/
From all and each, but most from me;8········
Thus Giaffir's safety was ensured.8···/˘·˘/
Removed he too from Roumelie8˘/······
To this our Asiatic side,8··/·˘/˘·
Far from our seats by Danube's tide,8··/··/˘·
With none but Haroun, who retains8······˘/
Such knowledge--and that Nubian feels8·/˘··/˘·
A Tyrant's secrets are but chains,8·/˘/˘···
From which the captive gladly steals,8···/˘/˘·
And this and more to me reveals:8······˘/
Such still to guilt just Allah sends--8·····/˘·
Slaves, tools, accomplices--no friends!8··˘/˘˘··
"All this, Zuleika, harshly sounds;8·····/˘·
But harsher still my tale must be:8·/˘·····
Howe'er my tongue thy softness wounds,8·····/˘·
Yet I must prove all truth to thee."gn9·········
I saw thee start this garb to see,8········
Yet is it one I oft have worn,8········
And long must wear: this Galiongee,8········
To whom thy plighted vow is sworn,8···/˘···
Is leader of those pirate hordes,8·/˘··/˘·
Whose laws and lives are on their swords;8········
To hear whose desolating tale8···/˘˘˘·
Would make thy waning cheek more pale:8···/˘···
Those arms thou see'st my band have brought,8········
The hands that wield are not remote;8······˘/
This cup too for the rugged knaves8·····/˘·
Is filled--once quaffed, they ne'er repine:8······˘/
Our Prophet might forgive the slaves;8//˘·˘/··
They're only infidels in wine.8·/˘/˘˘··
"What could I be? Proscribed at home,8····˘/··
And taunted to a wish to roam;8·/˘·····
And listless left--for Giaffir's fear8·/˘·····
Denied the courser and the spear--8˘/·/˘···
Though oft--Oh, Mahomet! how oft!--8········
In full Divan the despot scoffed,8··˘/·/˘·
As if my weak unwilling hand8····˘/˘·
Refused the bridle or the brand:8˘/·/˘···
He ever went to war alone,8·/˘···˘/
And pent me here untried--unknown;8····˘/˘/
To Haroun's care with women left,go9·····/˘··
By hope unblest, of fame bereft,8······˘/
While thou--whose softness long endeared,8···/˘·˘/
Though it unmanned me, still had cheered--8··˘/····
To Brusa's walls for safety sent,8·····/˘·
Awaited'st there the field's event.8······˘/
Haroun who saw my spirit pininggp8·····/··
Beneath inaction's sluggish yoke,8··˘/˘/˘·
His captive, though with dread resigning,9·/˘···˘/˘
My thraldom for a season broke,8·/˘··/˘·
On promise to return before8·/˘·˘/··
The day when Giaffir's charge was o'er.8········
'Tis vain--my tongue can not impartgq8········
My almost drunkenness of heart,8·/·/˘˘··
When first this liberated eye8···/˘·˘·
Surveyed Earth--Ocean--Sun--and Sky--8˘/·/˘···
As if my Spirit pierced them through,8···/˘···
And all their inmost wonders knew!8···/˘/˘·
One word alone can paint to thee8··˘/····
That more than feeling--I was Free!8···/˘···
E'en for thy presence ceased to pine;8···/˘···
The World--nay, Heaven itself was mine!8···/˘/··
"The shallop of a trusty Moor8·/˘··/˘·
Conveyed me from this idle shore;8˘/···/˘·
I longed to see the isles that gem8········
Old Ocean's purple diadem:8·/˘/˘/˘·
I sought by turns, and saw them all;8········
But when and where I joined the crew,8········
With whom I'm pledged to rise or fall,8········
When all that we design to do8····˘/··
Is done,'twill then be time more meet8········
To tell thee, when the tale's complete.8······˘/
"'Tis true, they are a lawless brood,8·····/˘·
But rough in form, nor mild in mood;8········
And every creed, and every race,8·/˘··/˘·
With them hath found--may find a place:8········
But open speech, and ready hand,8·/˘··/˘·
Obedience to their Chief's command;8˘/˘···˘/
A soul for every enterprise,8···/˘/˘·
That never sees with Terror's eyes;8·/˘··/˘·
Friendship for each, and faith to all,8/˘······
And vengeance vowed for those who fall,8·/˘·····
Have made them fitting instruments8···/˘/˘˘
For more than e'en my own intents.8······˘/
And some--and I have studied all8·····/˘·
Distinguished from the vulgar rank,8˘/˘··/˘·
But chiefly to my council call8·/˘··/˘·
The wisdom of the cautious Frank:--8·/˘··/˘·
And some to higher thoughts aspire.8···/˘·˘/
The last of Lambro's patriots there8···/˘/˘·
Anticipated freedom share;8˘/˘·˘/˘·
And oft around the cavern fire9·····/˘/˘
On visionary schemes debate,8·/˘·˘·˘/
To snatch the Rayahs from their fate.7·······
So let them ease their hearts with prate8········
Of equal rights, which man ne'er knew;8·/˘·····
I have a love for freedom too.8·····/˘·
Aye! let me like the ocean-Patriarch roam,10·····//˘··
Or only know on land the Tartar's home!10·/˘····/˘·
My tent on shore, my galley on the sea,10·····/˘···
Are more than cities and Serais to me:10···/˘·····
Borne by my steed, or wafted by my sail,10·····/˘···
Across the desert, or before the gale,10˘/·/˘·····
Bound where thou wilt, my barb! or glide, my prow!10··········
But be the Star that guides the wanderer, Thou!10·······/˘·
Thou, my Zuleika, share and bless my bark;10··········
The Dove of peace and promise to mine ark!10·····/˘···
Or, since that hope denied in worlds of strife,10····˘/····
Be thou the rainbow to the storms of life!10···/······
The evening beam that smiles the clouds away,10·/˘·····˘/

The first 400 of 732 lines; the reader marks them all.

Notes from the edition 42

E. H. Coleridge's notes to The Works of Lord Byron, Poetry, Vol. III (John Murray, 1900; Project Gutenberg #21811). Bracketed passages are the editor's; unbracketed are Byron's own or earlier editors'. Lettered variant readings (manuscript and edition collations) are not harvested here, matching the treatment of Coleridge's Don Juan notes.

  1. Stanza 1, line 18 [Vide Ovid, Heroides, Ep. xix.; and the De Herone atque Leandro of Musaeus.]
  2. Stanza 3, line 9 The wrangling about this epithet, "the broad Hellespont" or the "boundless Hellespont," whether it means one or the other, or what it means at all, has been beyond all possibility of detail. I have even heard it disputed on the spot; and not foreseeing a speedy conclusion to the controversy, amused myself with swimming across it in the mean time; and probably may again, before the point is settled. Indeed, the question as to the truth of "the tale of Troy divine" still continues, much of it resting upon the talismanic word[Greek: "a)/peiros:"] probably Homer had the same notion of distance that a coquette has of time; and when he talks of boundless, means half a mile; as the latter, by a like figure, when she says eternal attachment, simply specifies three weeks.

    [For a defence of the Homeric[Greek: a)pei/ron,] and for a resume of the "wrangling" of the topographers, Jean Baptiste Le Chevalier (1752-1836) and Jacob Bryant (1715-1804), etc., see Travels in Albania, 1858, ii. 179-185.]
  3. Stanza 4, line 9 Before his Persian invasion, and crowned the altar with laurel, etc. He was afterwards imitated by Caracalla in his race. It is believed that the last also poisoned a friend, named Festus, for the sake of new Patroclan games. I have seen the sheep feeding on the tombs of AEyietes and Antilochus: the first is in the centre of the plain.

    [Alexander placed a garland on the tomb of Achilles, and "went through the ceremony of anointing himself with oil, and running naked up to it."--Plut. Vitae, "Alexander M.," cap. xv. line 25, Lipsiae, 1814, vi. 187. For the tombs of AEsyetes, etc., see Travels in Albania, ii. 149-151.]
  4. Stanza 4, line 12 [Compare--

    "Or narrow if needs must be, Outside are the storms and the strangers."

    Never the Time, etc., lines 19, 20, by Robert Browning.]
  5. Stanza 5, line 12 When rubbed, the amber is susceptible of a perfume, which is slight, but not disagreeable. [Letter to Murray, December 6, 1813, Letters, 1898, ii. 300.]
  6. Stanza 5, line 13 ["Coeterum castitatis hieroglyphicum gemma est."--Hoffmann, Lexic. Univ., art. "Smaragdus." Compare, too, Lalla Rookh ("Chandos Classics," p. 406), "The emerald's virgin blaze."]
  7. Stanza 5, line 15 The belief in amulets engraved on gems, or enclosed in gold boxes, containing scraps from the Koran, worn round the neck, wrist, or arm, is still universal in the East. The Koorsee (throne) verse in the second cap. of the Koran describes the attributes of the Most High, and is engraved in this manner, and worn by the pious, as the most esteemed and sublime of all sentences.

    [The ayatu 'l kursiy, or verse of the throne (Sura II. "Chapter of the Heifer," v. 257), runs thus: "God, there is no God but He, the living and self-subsistent. Slumber takes Him not, nor sleep. His is what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. Who is it that intercedes with Him, save by His permission? He knows what is before them, and what behind them, and they comprehend not aught of His knowledge but of what He pleases. His throne extends over the heavens and the earth, and it tires Him not to guard them both, for He is high and grand."--The Qur'an, translated by E. H. Palmer, 1880, Part I., Sacred Books of the East, vi. 40.]
  8. Stanza 5, line 18 "Comboloio"--a Turkish rosary. The MSS., particularly those of the Persians, are richly adorned and illuminated. The Greek females are kept in utter ignorance; but many of the Turkish girls are highly accomplished, though not actually qualified for a Christian coterie. Perhaps some of our own "blues" might not be the worse for bleaching.

    [The comboloio consists of ninety-nine beads. Compare Lalla Rookh ("Chandos Classics," p. 420), "Her ruby rosary," etc., and note on "Le Tespih." Lord Byron's Comboloio is the title of a metrical jeu d'esprit, a rhymed catalogue of the Poetical Works, beginning with Hours of Idleness, and ending with Cain, a Mystery.--Blackwood's Magazine, 1822, xi. 162-165.]
  9. Stanza 5, line 27 [Shiraz, capital of the Persian province of Fars, is celebrated for the attar-gul, or attar of roses.]
  10. Stanza 8, line 8 [Compare The Giaour, line 490, note 1, vide ante, p. 110.]
  11. Stanza 10, line 20 "Galiongee" or Galiongi [i.e. a Galleon-er], a sailor, that is, a Turkish sailor; the Greeks navigate, the Turks work the guns. Their dress is picturesque; and I have seen the Capitan Pacha, more than once, wearing it as a kind of incog. Their legs, however, are generally naked. The buskins described in the text as sheathed behind with silver are those of an Arnaut robber, who was my host (he had quitted the profession) at his Pyrgo, near Gastouni in the Morea; they were plated in scales one over the other, like the back of an armadillo.

    [Gastuni lies some eight miles S.W. of Palaeopolis, the site of the ancient Elis. The "Pyrgo" must be the Castle of Chlemutzi (Castel Tornese), built by Geoffrey II. of Villehouardin, circ. A.D. 1218.]
  12. Stanza 13, line 6 The characters on all Turkish scimitars contain sometimes the name of the place of their manufacture, but more generally a text from the Koran, in letters of gold. Amongst those in my possession is one with a blade of singular construction: it is very broad, and the edge notched into serpentine curves like the ripple of water, or the wavering of flame. I asked the Armenian who sold it, what possible use such a figure could add: he said, in Italian, that he did not know; but the Mussulmans had an idea that those of this form gave a severer wound; and liked it because it was "piu feroce." I did not much admire the reason, but bought it for its peculiarity.

    [Compare Lalla Rookh ("Chandos Classics," p. 373)--"The flashing of their swords' rich marquetry."]
  13. Stanza 13, line 21 It is to be observed, that every allusion to any thing or personage in the Old Testament, such as the Ark, or Cain, is equally the privilege of Mussulman and Jew: indeed, the former profess to be much better acquainted with the lives, true and fabulous, of the patriarchs, than is warranted by our own sacred writ; and not content with Adam, they have a biography of Pre-Adamites. Solomon is the monarch of all necromancy, and Moses a prophet inferior only to Christ and Mahomet. Zuleika is the Persian name of Potiphar's wife; and her amour with Joseph constitutes one of the finest poems in their language. It is, therefore, no violation of costume to put the names of Cain, or Noah, into the mouth of a Moslem.

    [A propos of this note "for the ignorant," Byron writes to Murray (November 13, 1813), "Do you suppose that no one but the Galileans are acquainted with Adam, and Eve, and Cain, and Noah?--Zuleika is the Persian poetical name for Potiphar's wife;" and, again, November 14, "I don't care one lump of sugar for my poetry; but for my costume, and my correctness on these points ... I will combat lustily."--Letters, 1898, ii. 282, 283.]
  14. Stanza 14, line 7 [Karaji['c] (Vuk Stefanovi['c], born 1787), secretary to Kara George, published Narodne Srpske Pjesme, at Vienna, 1814, 1815. See, too, Languages and Literature of the Slavic Nations, by Talvi, New York, 1850, pp. 366-382; Volkslieder der Serben, von Talvi, Leipzig, 1835, ii. 245, etc., and Chants Populaires des Servics, Recueillis par Wuk Stephanowitsch, et Traduits d'apres Talvy, par Madame Elise Voiart, Paris, 1834, ii. 183, etc.]
  15. Stanza 14, line 8 Paswan Oglou, the rebel of Widdin; who, for the last years of his life, set the whole power of the Porte at defiance.

    [Passwan Oglou (1758-1807) [Passewend's, or the Watchman's son, according to Hobhouse] was born and died at Widdin. He first came into notice in 1788, in alliance with certain disbanded Turkish levies, named Krdschalies. "It was their pride to ride along on stately horses, with trappings of gold and silver, and bearing costly arms. In their train were female slaves, Giuvendi, in male attire, who not only served to amuse them in their hours of ease with singing and dancing, but also followed them to battle (as Kaled followed Lara, see Lara, Canto II. stanza xv., etc.), for the purpose of holding their horses when they fought." On one occasion he is reported to have addressed these "rebel hordes" much in the spirit of the "Corsair," "The booty be yours, and mine the glory." "After having for some time suffered a Pacha to be associated with him, he at length expelled his superior, and demanded 'the three horse-tails' for himself." In 1798 the Porte despatched another army, but Passwan was completely victorious, and "at length the Porte resolved to make peace, and actually sent him the 'three horse-tails'" (i.e. made him commander-in-chief of the Janissaries at Widdin). (See History of Servia, by Leopold von Ranke, Bohn, 1853, pp. 68-71. See, too, Voyage dans l'Empire Othoman, par G. A. Olivier, an. 9 (1801), i. 108-125; and Madame Voiart's "Abrege de l'histoire du royaume de Servie," prefixed to Chants Populaires, etc., Paris, 1834.)]
  16. Stanza 15, line 7 "Horse-tail,"--the standard of a Pacha.
  17. Stanza 15, line 20 Giaffir, Pacha of Argyro Castro, or Scutari, I am not sure which, was actually taken off by the Albanian Ali, in the manner described in the text. Ali Pacha, while I was in the country, married the daughter of his victim, some years after the event had taken place at a bath in Sophia or Adrianople. The poison was mixed in the cup of coffee, which is presented before the sherbet by the bath keeper, after dressing.
  18. Stanza 19, line 24 I must here shelter myself with the Psalmist--is it not David that makes the "Earth reel to and fro like a Drunkard"? If the Globe can be thus lively on seeing its Creator, a liberated captive can hardly feel less on a first view of his work.--[Note, MS. erased.]
  19. Stanza 20, line 5 The Turkish notions of almost all islands are confined to the Archipelago, the sea alluded to.
  20. Stanza 21, line 18 Lambro Canzani, a Greek, famous for his efforts, in 1789-90, for the independence of his country. Abandoned by the Russians, he became a pirate, and the Archipelago was the scene of his enterprises. He is said to be still alive at Petersburgh. He and Riga are the two most celebrated of the Greek revolutionists.

    [For Lambros Katzones (Hobhouse, Travels in Albania, ii. 5, calls him Canziani), see Finlay's Greece under Othoman ... Domination, 1856, pp. 330-334. Finlay dwells on his piracies rather than his patriotism.]
  21. Stanza 21, line 22 "Rayahs,"--all who pay the capitation tax, called the "Haratch."

    ["This tax was levied on the whole male unbelieving population," except children under ten, old men, Christian and Jewish priests.--Finlay, Greece under Ottoman ... Domination, 1856, p. 26. See, too, the Qur'an, cap. ix., "The Declaration of Immunity."]
  22. Stanza 21, line 26 This first of voyages is one of the few with which the Mussulmans profess much acquaintance.
  23. Stanza 21, line 27 The wandering life of the Arabs, Tartars, and Turkomans, will be found well detailed in any book of Eastern travels. That it possesses a charm peculiar to itself, cannot be denied. A young French renegado confessed to Chateaubriand, that he never found himself alone, galloping in the desert, without a sensation approaching to rapture which was indescribable.
  24. Stanza 21, line 29 [Inns, caravanserais. From sar[=a]y, a palace or inn.]
  25. Stanza 21, line 35 [The remaining seventy lines of stanza xx. were not included in the original MS., but were sent to the publisher in successive instalments while the poem was passing through the press.]
  26. Stanza 21, line 39 [In the first draft of a supplementary fragment, line 883 ran thus--

    / a fancied \ "and tints tomorrow with { } ray." \ an airy /

    A note was appended--

    "Mr. M^y.^ Choose which of the 2 epithets 'fancied' or 'airy' may be best--or if neither will do--tell me and I will dream another--

    "Yours,

    "B^n^"

    The epithet ("prophetic") which stands in the text was inserted in a revise dated December 3, 1813. Two other versions were also sent, that Gifford might select that which was "best, or rather not worst"--

    / gilds \ "And { } the hope of morning with its ray." \ tints /

    "And gilds to-morrow's hope with heavenly ray."

    (Letters, 1898, ii. 282.)

    On the same date, December 3rd, two additional lines were affixed to the quatrain (lines 886-889)--

    "Soft as the Mecca Muezzin's strains invite Him who hath journeyed far to join the rite."

    And in a later revise, as "a last alteration"--

    "Blest as the call which from Medina's dome Invites devotion to her Prophet's tomb."

    An erased version of this "last alteration" ran thus--

    "Blest as the Muezzin's strain from Mecca's dome Which welcomes Faith to view her Prophet's tomb."{A}

    {A} [It is probable that Byron, who did not trouble himself to distinguish between "lie" and "lay," and who, as the MS. of English Bards, and Scotch Reviewers (see line 732, Poetical Works, 1898, i. 355) reveals, pronounced "petit maitre" anglice in four syllables, regarded "dome" (vide supra) as a true and exact rhyme to "tomb," but, with his wonted compliance, was persuaded to make yet another alteration.] ]
  27. Stanza 21, line 47 "Jannat-al-Aden," the perpetual abode, the Mussulman paradise. [See Sale's Koran, "Preliminary Discourse," sect. i.; and Journal, November 17, 1813, Letters, 1898, ii. 326.]
  28. Stanza 21, line 65 ["You wanted some reflections, and I send you per Selim, eighteen lines in decent couplets, of a pensive, if not an ethical tendency.... Mr. Canning's approbation (if he did approve) I need not say makes me proud."--Letter to Murray, November 23, 1813, Letters, 1898, ii. 286.]
  29. Stanza 21, line 69 [Compare Tacitus, Agricola, cap. 30--

    "Solitudinem faciun--pacem appellant."

    See letter to Murray, November 24, 1813, Letters, 1898, ii. 287.]
  30. Stanza 21, line 92 [Compare--

    "Quam juvat immites ventos audire cubantem, Et dominam tenero detinuisse sinu." Tibullus, Eleg., Lib. I. i. 45, 46.]
  31. Stanza 21, line 94 [The omission of lines 938, 939 drew from Byron an admission (Letter to Murray, November 29, 1813) that "the passage is an imitation altogether from Medea in Ovid" (Metamorph., vii. 66-69)--

    "My love possest, in Jason's bosom laid, Let seas swell high;--I cannot be dismay'd While I infold my husband in my arms: Or should I fear, I should but fear his harms." Englished by Sandys, 1632.]
  32. Stanza 23, line 11 [Compare--

    "That thought has more of hell than had the former. Another, and another, and another!" The Revenge, by Edward Young, act iv. (Modern British Drama, 1811, ii. 17).]
  33. Stanza 27, line 28 ["While the Salsette lay off the Dardanelles, Lord Byron saw the body of a man who had been executed by being cast into the sea, floating on the stream, moving to and fro with the tumbling of the water, which gave to his arms the effect of scaring away several sea-fowl that were hovering to devour. This incident he has strikingly depicted in the Bride of Abydos."--Life of Lord Byron, by John Galt, 1830, p. 144.]
  34. Stanza 27, line 36 A turban is carved in stone above the graves of men only.
  35. Stanza 28, line 7 The death-song of the Turkish women. The "silent slaves" are the men, whose notions of decorum forbid complaint in public.
  36. Stanza 28, line 9 [At a Turkish funeral, after the interment has taken place, the Imam "assis sur les genoux a cote de la tombe," offers the prayer Telkin, and at the conclusion of the prayer recites the Fathah, or "opening chapter" of the Koran. ("In the name of the merciful and compassionate God. Praise belongs to God, the Lord of the worlds, the Merciful, the Compassionate, the Ruler of the day of judgment. Thee we serve, and Thee we ask for aid. Guide us in the right path, the path of those Thou art gracious to; not of those Thou art wroth with; nor of those who err."--The Qur'an, p. 1, translated by E. H. Palmer, Oxford, 1880): Tableau Generale de l'Empire Ottoman, par Mouradja D'Ohsson, Paris, 1787, i. 235-248. Writing to Murray, November 14, 1813, Byron instances the funeral (in the Bride of Abydos) as proof of his correctness with regard to local colouring.--Letters, 1898, ii. 283.]
  37. Stanza 28, line 33 ["I one evening witnessed a funeral in the vast cemetery of Scutari. An old man, with a venerable beard, threw himself by the side of the narrow grave, and strewing the earth on his head, cried aloud, 'He was my son! my only son!'"--Constantinople in 1828, by Charles Macfarlane, 1829, p. 233, note.]
  38. Stanza 28, line 42 ["The body of a Moslemin is ordered to be carried to the grave in haste, with hurried steps."--Ibid., p. 233, note.]
  39. Stanza 28, line 43 "I came to the place of my birth, and cried, 'The friends of my Youth, where are they?' and an Echo answered, 'Where are they?'"--From an Arabic MS. The above quotation (from which the idea in the text is taken) must be already familiar to every reader: it is given in the second annotation, p. 67, of The Pleasures of Memory [note to Part I. line 103]; a poem so well known as to render a reference almost superfluous: but to whose pages all will be delighted to recur [Poems, by Samuel Rogers, 1852, i. 48].
  40. Stanza 29, line 48 "And airy tongues that syllable men's names." Milton, Comus, line 208.

    For a belief that the souls of the dead inhabit the form of birds, we need not travel to the East. Lord Lyttleton's ghost story, the belief of the Duchess of Kendal, that George I. flew into her window in the shape of a raven (see Orford's Reminiscences, Lord Orford's Works, 1798, iv. 283), and many other instances, bring this superstition nearer home. The most singular was the whim of a Worcester lady, who, believing her daughter to exist in the shape of a singing bird, literally furnished her pew in the cathedral with cages full of the kind; and as she was rich, and a benefactress in beautifying the church, no objection was made to her harmless folly. For this anecdote, see Orford's Letters.

    ["But here (at Gloucester) is a modernity, which beats all antiquities for curiosity. Just by the high altar is a small pew hung with green damask, with curtains of the same; a small corner-cupboard, painted, carved, and gilt, for books, in one corner, and two troughs of a bird-cage, with seeds and water. If any mayoress on earth was small enough to inclose herself in this tabernacle, or abstemious enough to feed on rape and canary, I should have sworn that it was the shrine of the queen of the aldermen. It belongs to a Mrs. Cotton, who, having lost a favourite daughter, is convinced her soul is transmigrated into a robin redbreast, for which reason she passes her life in making an aviary of the cathedral of Gloucester."--Letter to Richard Bentley, September, 1753 (Lord Orford's Works, 1798, v. 279).]
  41. Stanza 29, line 63 [According to J. B. Le Chevalier (Voyage de La Propontide, etc., an. viii. (1800), p. 17), the Turkish name for a small bay which formed the ancient port of Sestos, is Ak-Bachi-Liman (Port de la Tete blanche).]
  42. Stanza 29, line 69 ["The Bride, such as it is is my first entire composition of any length (except the Satire, and be damned to it), for The Giaour is but a string of passages, and Childe Harold is, and I rather think always will be, unconcluded" (Letter to Murray, November 29, 1813). It (the Bride) "was published on Thursday the second of December; but how it is liked or disliked, I know not. Whether it succeeds or not is no fault of the public, against whom I can have no complaint. But I am much more indebted to the tale than I can ever be to the most partial reader; as it wrung my thoughts from reality to imagination--from selfish regrets to vivid recollections--and recalled me to a country replete with the brightest and darkest, but always most lively colours of my memory" (Journal, December 5, 1813, Letters, 1898, ii. 291, 361).]

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