"Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came"

Robert Browning (1812–1889) · 1864

iambic pentameter · ABBAAB · 204 lines · from Selections from the Poems and Plays of Robert Browning

My first thought was, he lied in every word,That hoary cripple, with malicious eyeAskance to watch the working of his lieOn mine, and mouth scarce able to affordSuppression of the glee, that pursed and scoredIts edge, at one more victim gained thereby.

What else should he be set for, with his staff?What, save to waylay with his lies, ensnareAll travelers who might find him posted there,And ask the road? I guessed what skull-like laughWould break, what crutch 'gin write my epitaphFor pastime in the dusty thoroughfare,

If at his counsel I should turn asideInto the ominous tract which, all agree,Hides the Dark Tower. Yet acquiescinglyI did turn as he pointed: neither prideNor hope rekindling at the end descried,So much as gladness that some end might be.

For, what with my whole world-wide wandering,What with my search drawn out through years, my hopeDwindled into a ghost not fit to copeWith that obstreperous joy success would bring,I hardly tried now to rebuke the springMy heart made, finding failure in its scope.As when a sick man very near to deathSeems dead indeed, and feels begin and endThe tears, and takes the farewell of each friend,And hears one bid the other go, draw breathFreelier outside ("since all is o'er," he saith,"And the blow fallen no grieving can amend");

While some discuss if near the other gravesBe room enough for this, and when a daySuits best for carrying the corpse away,With care about the banners, scarves, and staves;And still the man hears all, and only cravesHe may not shame such tender love and stay.

Thus, I had so long suffered in this quest,Heard failure prophesied so oft, been writSo many times among "The Band"--to wit,The knights who to the Dark Tower's search addressedTheir steps--that just to fail as they, seemed best,And all the doubt was now--should I be fit?

So, quiet as despair, I turned from him,That hateful cripple, out of his highwayInto the path he pointed. All the dayHad been a dreary one at best, and dimWas settling to its close, yet shot one grimRed leer to see the plain catch its estray.

For mark! no sooner was I fairly foundPledged to the plain, after a pace or two,Than, pausing to throw backward a last viewO'er the safe road, 'twas gone; gray plain all round:Nothing but plain to the horizon's bound.I might go on; naught else remained to do.

So, on I went. I think I never sawSuch starved ignoble nature; nothing throve;For flowers--as well expect a cedar grove!But cockle, spurge, according to their lawMight propagate their kind, with none to awe,You'd think; a bur had been a treasure-trove.

No! penury, inertness, and grimace,In some strange sort, were the land's portion. "SeeOr shut your eyes," said Nature peevishly,"It nothing skills; I cannot help my case;'Tis the Last Judgment's fire must cure this place,Calcine its clods and set my prisoners free."

If there pushed any ragged thistle-stalkAbove its mates, the head was chopped; the bentsWere jealous else. What made those holes and rentsIn the dock's harsh swarth leaves, bruised as to balkAll hope of greenness? 'tis a brute must walkPashing their life out, with a brute's intents.

As for the grass, it grew as scant as hairIn leprosy; thin dry blades pricked the mudWhich underneath looked kneaded up with blood.One stiff blind horse, his every bone a-stare,Stood stupefied, however he came there;Thrust out past service from the devil's stud!

Alive? he might be dead for aught I know,With that red gaunt and colloped neck a-strain,And shut eyes underneath the rusty mane;Seldom went such grotesqueness with such woe;I never saw a brute I hated so;He must be wicked to deserve such pain.

I shut my eyes and turned them on my heart.As a man calls for wine before he fights,I asked one draft of earlier, happier sights,Ere fitly I could hope to play my part.Think first, fight afterwards--the soldier's art;One taste of the old time sets all to rights.

Not it! I fancied Cuthbert's reddening faceBeneath its garniture of curly gold,Dear fellow, till I almost felt him foldAn arm in mine to fix me to the place,That way he used. Alas, one night's disgrace!Out went my heart's new fire and left it cold.

Giles then, the soul of honor--there he standsFrank as ten years ago when knighted first.What honest man should dare (he said) he durst.Good--but the scene shifts--faugh! what hangman handsPin to his breast a parchment? His own bandsRead it. Poor traitor, spit upon and cursed!

Better this present than a past like that;Back therefore to my darkening path again!No sound, no sight as far as eye could strain.Will the night send a howlet or a bat?I asked; when something on the dismal flatCame to arrest my thoughts and change their train.

A sudden little river crossed my pathAs unexpected as a serpent comes.No sluggish tide congenial to the glooms;This, as it frothed by, might have been a bathFor the fiend's glowing hoof--to see the wrathOf its black eddy bespate with flakes and spumes.

So petty yet so spiteful! All along,Low scrubby alders kneeled down over it;Drenched willows flung them headlong in a fitOf mute despair, a suicidal throng;The river which had done them all the wrong,Whate'er that was, rolled by, deterred no whit.

Which, while I forded--good saints, how I fearedTo set my foot upon a dead man's cheek,Each step, or feel the spear I thrust to seekFor hollows, tangled in his hair or beard!It may have been a water-rat I speared,But, ugh! it sounded like a baby's shriek.

Glad was I when I reached the other bank.Now for a better country. Vain presage!Who were the strugglers, what war did they wage,Whose savage trample thus could pad the dankSoil to a plash? Toads in a poisoned tank,Or wild cats in a red-hot iron cage--

The fight must so have seemed in that fell cirque.What penned them there, with all the plain to choose?No footprint leading to that horrid mews,None out of it. Mad brewage set to workTheir brains, no doubt, like galley-slaves the TurkPits for his pastime, Christians against Jews.

And more than that--a furlong on--why, there!What bad use was that engine for, that wheel,Or brake, not wheel--that harrow fit to reelMen's bodies out like silk? with all the airOf Tophet's tool, on earth left unaware,Or brought to sharpen its rusty teeth of steel.

Then came a bit of stubbed ground, once a wood,Next a marsh, it would seem, and now mere earthDesperate and done with--so a fool finds mirth,Makes a thing and then mars it, till his moodChanges and off he goes!--within a rood,Bog, clay and rubble, sand and stark black dearth.

Now blotches rankling, colored gay and grim,Now patches where some leanness of the soil'sBroke into moss or substances like boils;Then came some palsied oak, a cleft in himLike a distorted mouth that splits its rimGaping at death, and dies while it recoils.

And just as far as ever from the end!Naught in the distance but the evening, naughtTo point my footstep further! At the thought,A great black bird, Apollyon's bosom-friend,Sailed past, nor beat his wide wing dragon-pennedThat brushed my cap--perchance the guide I sought.

For, looking up, aware I somehow grew,'Spite of the dusk, the plain had given placeAll round to mountains--with such name to graceMere ugly heights and heaps now stolen in view.How thus they had surprised me--solve it, you!How to get from them was no clearer case.

Yet half I seemed to recognize some trickOf mischief happened to me, God knows when--In a bad dream perhaps. Here ended, then,Progress this way. When, in the very nickOf giving up, one time more, came a clickAs when a trap shuts--you're inside the den!

Burningly it came on me all at once,This was the place! those two hills on the right,Crouched like two bulls locked horn in horn in fight;While to the left, a tall scalped mountain ... Dunce,Dotard, a-dozing at the very nonce,After a life spent training for the sight!

What in the midst lay but the Tower itself?The round squat turret, blind as the fool's heart,Built of brown stone, without a counterpartIn the whole world. The tempest's mocking elfPoints to the shipman thus the unseen shelfHe strikes on, only when the timbers start.

Not see? because of night perhaps?--why, dayCame back again for that! before it left,The dying sunset kindled through a cleft;The hills, like giants at a hunting, lay,Chin upon hand, to see the game at bay--"Now stab and end the creature--to the heft!"

Not hear? when noise was everywhere! it tolledIncreasing like a bell. Names in my earsOf all the lost adventurers my peers--How such a one was strong, and such was bold,And such was fortunate, yet each of oldLost, lost! one moment knelled the woe of years.

There they stood, ranged along the hillsides, metTo view the last of me, a living frameFor one more picture! in a sheet of flameI saw them and I knew them all. And yetDauntless the slug-horn to my lips I set,And blew. "Childe Roland to the Dark Tower came."

Words in this poem 68
lied n.
A lay; a German song. It differs from the French chanson, and the Italian canzone, all three being national. [G.]
hoary a.
White or whitish."The hoary willows."
cripple n.
One who creeps, halts, or limps; one who has lost, or never had, the use of a limb or limbs; a lame person; hence, one who is partially disabled. [OE. cripel, crepel, crupel, AS. crypel (akin to D. kreuple, G. kr, Dan. kr, Icel. kryppill), prop., one that can not walk, but must creep, fr. AS. cre to creep.]
askance adv.
Sideways; obliquely; with a side glance; with disdain, envy, or suspicion. [Cf. D. schuin, schuins, sideways, schuiven to shove, schuinte slope. Cf. Asquint.]
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
glee n.
Music; minstrelsy; entertainment.
waylay v. t.
To lie in wait for; to meet or encounter in the way; especially, to watch for the passing of, with a view to seize, rob, or slay; to beset in ambush. [Way + lay.]
ensnare v. t.
To catch in a snare. See Insnare.
crutch n.
A staff with a crosspiece at the head, to be placed under the arm or shoulder, to support the lame or infirm in walking. [OE. cruche, AS. crycc, cricc; akin to D. kruk, G. kr, Dan. krykke, Sw. krycka, and to E. crook. See Crook, and cf. Cricket a low stool.]
pastime n.
That which amuses, and serves to make time pass agreeably; sport; amusement; diversion. [Pass + time: cf. F. passetemps.]
thoroughfare n.
A passage through; a passage from one street or opening to another; an unobstructed way open to the public; a public road; hence, a frequented street. [AS. þurhfaru.]
ghost n.
The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
obstreperous a.
Attended by, or making, a loud and tumultuous noise; clamorous; noisy; vociferous. [L. obstreperus, from obstrepere to make a noise at; ob (see Ob-) + strepere to make a noise.]
saith
3d pers. sing. pres. of Say.
discuss v. t.
To break to pieces; to shatter. Sir T. Browne. [L. discussus, p. p. of discutere to strike asunder (hence came the sense to separate mentally, distinguish); dis- + quatere to shake, strike. See Quash.]
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]
hateful a.
Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
dreary a.
Sorrowful; distressful. [OE. dreori, dreri, AS. dreórig, sad; akin to G. traurig, and prob. to AS. dreósan to fall, Goth. driusan. Cf. Dross, Drear, Drizzle, Drowse.]
settling n.
The act of one who, or that which, settles; the act of establishing one's self, of colonizing, subsiding, adjusting, etc.
estray v. i.
To stray. Daniel.
fairly adv.
In a fairmanner; clearly; openly; plainly; fully; distinctly; frankly.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
expect v. t.
To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
cockle n.
A bivalve mollusk, with radiating ribs, of the genus Cardium, especially C. edule, used in Europe for food; -- sometimes applied to similar shells of other genera. [OE. cockes cockles, AS. s sea cockles, prob, from Celtic; cf. W. cocs cockles, Gael. cochull husk. Perh. influenced by EF. coquille shell, a dim. from the root ]
penury n.
Absence of resources; want; privation; indigence; extreme poverty; destitution. [L. penuria; cf. Gr. pénurie.]
peevishly adv.
In a peevish manner.
swarth a.
Swart; swarthy.
aught n.
Property; possession. [AS. , fr. agan to own, p. p. ahte.]
gaunt a.
Attenuated, as with fasting or suffering; lean; meager; pinched and grim. [Cf. Norw. gand a thin pointed stick, a tall and thin man, and W. gwan weak.]
colloped a.
Having ridges or bunches of flesh, like collops.
grotesqueness n.
Quality of being grotesque.
garniture n.
That which garnishes; ornamental appendage; embellishment; furniture; dress. [F. garniture. See Garnish, v. t.]
cursed a.
Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
howlet n.
An owl; an owlet. R. Browning. [Equiv. to owlet, influenced by howl: cf. F. hulotte, OHG. h, hiuwela.]
dismal a.
Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phr]
scrubby a.
Of the nature of scrub; small and mean; stunted in growth; as, a scrubby cur.
suicidal a.
Partaking of, or of the nature of, the crime or suicide.
whit n.
The smallest part or particle imaginable; a bit; a jot; an iota; -- generally used in an adverbial phrase in a negative sentence. [OE. wight, wiht, AS. wiht a creature, a thing. See Wight, and cf. Aught, Naught.]
wage v. i.
To bind one's self; to engage.
dank n.
Moisture; humidity; water.
cirque n.
A circle; a circus; a circular erection or arrangement of objects. [F., fr. L. circus.]
penned a.
Winged; having plumes.
footprint n.
The impression of the foot; a trace or footmark; as,
horrid a.
Rough; rugged; bristling. [L. horridus. See Horror, and cf. Ordure.]
mews n.
An alley where there are stables; a narrow passage; a confined place. [Eng.] [Prop. pl. of mew. See Mew a cage.]
brewage n.
Malt liquor; drink brewed.
turk n.
A member of any of numerous Tartar tribes of Central Asia, etc.; esp., one of the dominant race in Turkey. [Per. Turk; probably of Tartar origin: cf. F. Turc.]
furlong n.
A measure of length; the eighth part of a mile; forty rods; two hundred and twenty yards. [OE. furlong, furlang, AS. furlang, furlung, prop., the length of a furrow; furh furrow + lang long. See Furrow, and Long, a.]
unaware a.
Not aware; not noticing; giving no heed; thoughtless; inattentive.
stubbed a.
Reduced to a stub; short and thick, like something truncated; blunt; obtuse.
desperate a.
Without hope; given to despair; hopeless. [L. desperatus, p. p. of desperare. See Despair, and cf. Desperado.]
rood n.
A representation in sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on it. [AS. rr, D. roede rod, G. ruthe, rute, OHG. ruota. CF. Rod a measure.]
rubble n.
Water-worn or rough broken stones; broken bricks, etc., used in coarse masonry, or to fill up between the facing courses of walls. [From an assumed Old French dim. of robe See Rubbish.]
stark adv.
Wholly; entirely; absolutely; quite; as, stark mind.
dearth n.
Scarcity which renders dear; want; lack; specifically, lack of food on account of failure of crops; famine. [OE. derthe, fr. dere. See Dear.]
leanness n.
The condition or quality of being lean. [AS. hlænnes.]
broke v. i.
To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
palsied a.
Affected with palsy; paralyzed.
somehow adv.
In one way or another; in some way not yet known or designated; by some means; as, the thing must be done somehow; he lives somehow.
clearer n.
One who, or that which, clears.
nick n.
A notch cut into something; as: (a) A score for keeping an account; a reckoning. [Akin to Nock.]
crouched a.
Marked with the sign of the cross. Crouched friar. See Crutched friar, under Crutched.
nonce n.
The one or single occasion; the present call or purpose; -- chiefly used in the phrase for the nonce. [For the nonce, OE. for the nones, a corruption of for then ones, where n. in then is a relic of AS. m in , dat. of the article and demonstrative pronoun, E. the]
shipman n.
A seaman, or sailor. Chaucer. R. Browning.
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
heft n.
The act or effort of heaving [From Heave: cf. hefe weight. Cf. Haft.]
dauntless a.
Incapable of being daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless; intrepid.
childe n.
A cognomen formerly prefixed to his name by the oldest son, until he succeeded to his ancestral titles, or was knighted; as, Childe Roland.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

"Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came" is in the public domain. This text is taken from Selections from the Poems and Plays of Robert Browning, Project Gutenberg ebook #28041; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Robert Browning, "Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came", in Selections from the Poems and Plays of Robert Browning (1864), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #28041, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/browning-selections/childe-roland-to-the-dark-tower-came.html, id L25105.

Form and metre

"Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came" is 204 lines in 33 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is ABBAAB, complete in 32 of its 33 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBAAB wordA · eyeB · lieB · affordA · scoredA · therebyB
  2. 2 ABBAAB staffA · ensnareB · thereB · laughA · epitaphA · thoroughfareB
  3. 3 ABBAAB asideA · agreeB · acquiescinglyB · prideA · descriedA · beB
  4. 4 ABBAABCDDCCD wanderingA · hopeB · copeB · bringA · springA · scopeB · deathC · endD · friendD · breathC · saithC · amendD
  5. 5 ABBAAB gravesA · dayB · awayB · stavesA · cravesA · stayB
  6. 6 ABBAAB questA · writB · witB · addressedA · bestA · fitB
  7. 7 ABBAAB himA · highwayB · dayB · dimA · grimA · estrayB
  8. 8 ABBAAB foundA · twoB · viewB · roundA · boundA · doB
  9. 9 ABBAAB sawA · throveB · groveB · lawA · aweA · troveB
  10. 10 ABBAAB grimaceA · seeB · peevishlyB · caseA · placeA · freeB
  11. 11 ABBAAB stalkA · bentsB · rentsB · balkA · walkA · intentsB
  12. 12 ABBAAB hairA · mudB · bloodB · stareA · thereA · studB
  13. 13 ABBAAB knowA · strainB · maneB · woeA · soA · painB
  14. 14 ABBAAB heartA · fightsB · sightsB · partA · artA · rightsB
  15. 15 ABBAAB faceA · goldB · foldB · placeA · disgraceA · coldB
  16. 16 ABBAAB standsA · firstB · durstB · handsA · bandsA · cursedB
  17. 17 ABBAAB thatA · againB · strainB · batA · flatA · trainB
  18. 18 ABBAAB pathA · comesB · gloomsB · bathA · wrathA · spumesB
  19. 19 ABBAAB alongA · itB · fitB · throngA · wrongA · whitB
  20. 20 ABBAAB fearedA · cheekB · seekB · beardA · spearedA · shriekB
  21. 21 ABBAAB bankA · presageB · wageB · dankA · tankA · cageB
  22. 22 ABBAAB cirqueA · chooseB · mewsB · workA · turkA · jewsB
  23. 23 ABBAAB thereA · wheelB · reelB · airA · unawareA · steelB
  24. 24 ABBAAB woodA · earthB · mirthB · moodA · roodA · dearthB
  25. 25 ABBAAB grimA · soil'sB · boilsB · himA · rimA · recoilsB
  26. 26 ABBAAB endA · naughtB · thoughtB · friendA · pennedA · soughtB
  27. 27 ABBAAB grewA · placeB · graceB · viewA · youA · caseB
  28. 28 ABBAAB trickA · whenB · thenB · nickA · clickA · denB
  29. 29 ABBAAB onceA · rightB · fightB · dunceA · nonceA · sightB
  30. 30 ABBAAB itselfA · heartB · counterpartB · elfA · shelfA · startB
  31. 31 ABBAAB dayA · leftB · cleftB · layA · bayA · heftB
  32. 32 ABBAAB tolledA · earsB · peersB · boldA · oldA · yearsB
  33. 33 ABBAAB metA · frameB · flameB · yetA · setA · cameB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
My first thought was, he lied in every word,10·······/˘·
That hoary cripple, with malicious eye10·/˘/˘·˘/˘·
Askance to watch the working of his lie10˘/···/˘···
On mine, and mouth scarce able to afford10·····/˘·˘/
Suppression of the glee, that pursed and scored10˘/˘·······
Its edge, at one more victim gained thereby.10·····/˘···
What else should he be set for, with his staff?10··········
What, save to waylay with his lies, ensnare10···/····˘/
All travelers who might find him posted there,10·/˘····/˘·
And ask the road? I guessed what skull-like laugh10··········
Would break, what crutch 'gin write my epitaph10·······/˘·
For pastime in the dusty thoroughfare,10·/···/˘/˘·
If at his counsel I should turn aside10···/˘···˘/
Into the ominous tract which, all agree,10···/˘···˘/
Hides the Dark Tower. Yet acquiescingly10···/˘·····
I did turn as he pointed: neither pride10·····/˘/˘·
Nor hope rekindling at the end descried,9··˘/˘····
So much as gladness that some end might be.10···/˘·····
For, what with my whole world-wide wandering,10·······/˘˘
What with my search drawn out through years, my hope10··········
Dwindled into a ghost not fit to cope10/˘········
With that obstreperous joy success would bring,10··˘/˘·˘/··
I hardly tried now to rebuke the spring10·/˘···˘/··
My heart made, finding failure in its scope.10···/˘/˘···
As when a sick man very near to death10·····/˘···
Seems dead indeed, and feels begin and end10··˘/··˘/··
The tears, and takes the farewell of each friend,10······/···
And hears one bid the other go, draw breath10·····/˘···
Freelier outside ("since all is o'er," he saith,10··//······
"And the blow fallen no grieving can amend");11···/˘·/˘·˘/
While some discuss if near the other graves10··˘/···/˘·
Be room enough for this, and when a day10··˘/······
Suits best for carrying the corpse away,10···/˘˘··˘/
With care about the banners, scarves, and staves;10·····/˘···
And still the man hears all, and only craves10·······/˘·
He may not shame such tender love and stay.10·····/˘···
Thus, I had so long suffered in this quest,10·····/˘···
Heard failure prophesied so oft, been writ10·/˘/˘·····
So many times among "The Band"--to wit,10·/˘·······
The knights who to the Dark Tower's search addressed10······/·˘/
Their steps--that just to fail as they, seemed best,10··········
And all the doubt was now--should I be fit?10··········
So, quiet as despair, I turned from him,10·/˘·˘/····
That hateful cripple, out of his highway10·/˘/˘···/·
Into the path he pointed. All the day10·····/˘···
Had been a dreary one at best, and dim10···/˘·····
Was settling to its close, yet shot one grim10·/˘·······
Red leer to see the plain catch its estray.10········˘/
For mark! no sooner was I fairly found10···/˘··/˘·
Pledged to the plain, after a pace or two,10··········
Than, pausing to throw backward a last view10·/˘··/˘···
O'er the safe road, 'twas gone; gray plain all round:10··········
Nothing but plain to the horizon's bound.10/˘····˘/˘·
I might go on; naught else remained to do.10······˘/··
So, on I went. I think I never saw10·······/˘·
Such starved ignoble nature; nothing throve;10··˘/˘/˘/˘·
For flowers--as well expect a cedar grove!10·/··˘/·/˘·
But cockle, spurge, according to their law10·/˘·˘/˘···
Might propagate their kind, with none to awe,10·/˘·······
You'd think; a bur had been a treasure-trove.10·······/˘·
No! penury, inertness, and grimace,10·/˘˘˘/˘·/˘
In some strange sort, were the land's portion. "See10·······/˘·
Or shut your eyes," said Nature peevishly,10·····/˘/˘˘
"It nothing skills; I cannot help my case;10·/˘··/˘···
'Tis the Last Judgment's fire must cure this place,10···/˘/····
Calcine its clods and set my prisoners free."10˘/·····/˘·
If there pushed any ragged thistle-stalk10···/˘/˘/˘·
Above its mates, the head was chopped; the bents10··········
Were jealous else. What made those holes and rents10·/˘·······
In the dock's harsh swarth leaves, bruised as to balk10··········
All hope of greenness? 'tis a brute must walk10···/˘·····
Pashing their life out, with a brute's intents.10/˘······˘/
As for the grass, it grew as scant as hair10··········
In leprosy; thin dry blades pricked the mud10·/˘˘······
Which underneath looked kneaded up with blood.10··˘/·/˘···
One stiff blind horse, his every bone a-stare,10·····/˘···
Stood stupefied, however he came there;10·/˘˘·/˘···
Thrust out past service from the devil's stud!10···/˘··/˘·
Alive? he might be dead for aught I know,10˘/········
With that red gaunt and colloped neck a-strain,10·····/˘···
And shut eyes underneath the rusty mane;10····˘/·/˘·
Seldom went such grotesqueness with such woe;10/˘··˘/˘···
I never saw a brute I hated so;10·/˘····/˘·
He must be wicked to deserve such pain.10···/˘·˘/··
I shut my eyes and turned them on my heart.10··········
As a man calls for wine before he fights,10··········
I asked one draft of earlier, happier sights,10·····/˘/˘·
Ere fitly I could hope to play my part.10·/˘·······
Think first, fight afterwards--the soldier's art;10···/˘˘·/˘·
One taste of the old time sets all to rights.10··········
Not it! I fancied Cuthbert's reddening face10···/˘/˘/˘·
Beneath its garniture of curly gold,10···/˘˘·/˘·
Dear fellow, till I almost felt him fold10·/˘··/····
An arm in mine to fix me to the place,10··········
That way he used. Alas, one night's disgrace!10····˘/··˘/
Out went my heart's new fire and left it cold.10·····/····
Giles then, the soul of honor--there he stands10·····/˘···
Frank as ten years ago when knighted first.10····˘/·/˘·
What honest man should dare (he said) he durst.10·/˘·······
Good--but the scene shifts--faugh! what hangman hands10·······/˘·
Pin to his breast a parchment? His own bands10·····/˘···
Read it. Poor traitor, spit upon and cursed!10···/˘·····
Better this present than a past like that;10/˘·˘/·····
Back therefore to my darkening path again!10·····/˘·˘/
No sound, no sight as far as eye could strain.10··········
Will the night send a howlet or a bat?10·····/˘···
I asked; when something on the dismal flat10···/˘··/˘·
Came to arrest my thoughts and change their train.10··˘/······
A sudden little river crossed my path10·/˘/˘/˘···
As unexpected as a serpent comes.10··˘/˘··/˘·
No sluggish tide congenial to the glooms;10·/˘·˘/˘···
This, as it frothed by, might have been a bath10··········
For the fiend's glowing hoof--to see the wrath10···/˘·····
Of its black eddy bespate with flakes and spumes.11···/˘······
So petty yet so spiteful! All along,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Low scrubby alders kneeled down over it;10·/˘/˘·····
Drenched willows flung them headlong in a fit10·/···/····
Of mute despair, a suicidal throng;10··˘/··˘/˘·
The river which had done them all the wrong,10·/˘·······
Whate'er that was, rolled by, deterred no whit.11˘˘/····˘/··
Which, while I forded--good saints, how I feared10···/˘·····
To set my foot upon a dead man's cheek,10··········
Each step, or feel the spear I thrust to seek10··········
For hollows, tangled in his hair or beard!10·/˘/˘·····
It may have been a water-rat I speared,10·····/˘···
But, ugh! it sounded like a baby's shriek.10···/˘··/˘·
Glad was I when I reached the other bank.10·······/˘·
Now for a better country. Vain presage!10···/˘/˘·/˘
Who were the strugglers, what war did they wage,10··········
Whose savage trample thus could pad the dank10·/˘/˘·····
Soil to a plash? Toads in a poisoned tank,10·······/˘·
Or wild cats in a red-hot iron cage--10·······/˘·
The fight must so have seemed in that fell cirque.10··········
What penned them there, with all the plain to choose?10··········
No footprint leading to that horrid mews,10·/·/˘··/˘·
None out of it. Mad brewage set to work10·····/˘···
Their brains, no doubt, like galley-slaves the Turk10·····/˘···
Pits for his pastime, Christians against Jews.10···/·/˘···
And more than that--a furlong on--why, there!10·····/····
What bad use was that engine for, that wheel,10·····/˘···
Or brake, not wheel--that harrow fit to reel10·····/˘···
Men's bodies out like silk? with all the air10·/˘·······
Of Tophet's tool, on earth left unaware,10········˘/
Or brought to sharpen its rusty teeth of steel.11···/˘·/˘···
Then came a bit of stubbed ground, once a wood,10··········
Next a marsh, it would seem, and now mere earth10··········
Desperate and done with--so a fool finds mirth,10/˘········
Makes a thing and then mars it, till his mood10··········
Changes and off he goes!--within a rood,10/˘········
Bog, clay and rubble, sand and stark black dearth.10···/˘·····
Now blotches rankling, colored gay and grim,10·/˘/˘/˘···
Now patches where some leanness of the soil's10·/˘··/˘···
Broke into moss or substances like boils;10·····/˘˘··
Then came some palsied oak, a cleft in him10···/˘·····
Like a distorted mouth that splits its rim10··˘/˘·····
Gaping at death, and dies while it recoils.10/˘······˘/
And just as far as ever from the end!10·····/˘···
Naught in the distance but the evening, naught10···/˘··/˘·
To point my footstep further! At the thought,10···/·/˘···
A great black bird, Apollyon's bosom-friend,10·······/˘·
Sailed past, nor beat his wide wing dragon-penned10·······/˘·
That brushed my cap--perchance the guide I sought.10····˘/····
For, looking up, aware I somehow grew,10·/˘·˘/·/··
'Spite of the dusk, the plain had given place10·······/˘·
All round to mountains--with such name to grace10···/˘·····
Mere ugly heights and heaps now stolen in view.11·/˘····/˘··
How thus they had surprised me--solve it, you!10····˘/····
How to get from them was no clearer case.10·······/˘·
Yet half I seemed to recognize some trick10·····/˘···
Of mischief happened to me, God knows when--10·/˘/˘·····
In a bad dream perhaps. Here ended, then,10····˘/·/˘·
Progress this way. When, in the very nick10˘/·····/˘·
Of giving up, one time more, came a click10·/˘·······
As when a trap shuts--you're inside the den!10······˘/··
Burningly it came on me all at once,10··········
This was the place! those two hills on the right,10··········
Crouched like two bulls locked horn in horn in fight;10··········
While to the left, a tall scalped mountain ... Dunce,10·······/˘·
Dotard, a-dozing at the very nonce,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
After a life spent training for the sight!10·····/˘···
What in the midst lay but the Tower itself?10·······/˘/
The round squat turret, blind as the fool's heart,10···/˘·····
Built of brown stone, without a counterpart10·······/˘·
In the whole world. The tempest's mocking elf10·····/˘/˘·
Points to the shipman thus the unseen shelf10···/˘··˘/·
He strikes on, only when the timbers start.10···/˘··/˘·
Not see? because of night perhaps?--why, day10······˘/··
Came back again for that! before it left,10··˘/······
The dying sunset kindled through a cleft;10·/˘/·/˘···
The hills, like giants at a hunting, lay,10···/˘··/˘·
Chin upon hand, to see the game at bay--10··········
"Now stab and end the creature--to the heft!"10·····/˘···
Not hear? when noise was everywhere! it tolled10·····/˘···
Increasing like a bell. Names in my ears10˘/˘·······
Of all the lost adventurers my peers--10····˘/˘˘··
How such a one was strong, and such was bold,10··········
And such was fortunate, yet each of old10···/˘˘····
Lost, lost! one moment knelled the woe of years.10···/˘·····
There they stood, ranged along the hillsides, met10····˘/·/··
To view the last of me, a living frame10·······/˘·
For one more picture! in a sheet of flame10···/˘·····
I saw them and I knew them all. And yet10··········
Dauntless the slug-horn to my lips I set,10/˘········
And blew. "Childe Roland to the Dark Tower came."10···/˘···/·

On this poem

Mrs. Orr (Handbook of Browning's Works, p. 274) says of this poem: "We can connect no idea of definite pursuit or attainment with a series of facts so dream-like and so disjointed: still less extract from it a definite moral; and we are reduced to taking the poem as a simple work of fancy, built up of picturesque impressions which have, separately or collectively, produced themselves in the author's mind." And she adds in a note: "I may venture to state that these picturesque materials included a tower which Mr. Browning once saw in the Carrara Mountains, a painting which caught his eye years later in Paris; and the figure of a horse in the tapestry in his own drawing-room--welded together in the remembrance of the line from 'King Lear,' which forms the heading of the poem." The possible allegorical signification of the poem has been the subject of much, and often of singularly futile discussion. Dr. Furnivall said he had asked Browning if it was an allegory, and in answer had on three separate occasions received an emphatic statement that it was simply a dramatic creation called forth by a line of Shakspere's. (Porter-Clarke, Study Programmes, p. 406.) Yet allegorical interpretations continue to be made. According to one line of interpretation the pilgrim is a "truth-seeker, misdirected by the lying spirit" (the hoary cripple), and when he blows the slug-horn it is as a warning to others that he has failed in his quest, and that the way to the dark tower

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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