Poem II

W. B. Yeats (1865–1939) · 1928

iambic pentameter · 104 lines · from The Tower

I pace upon the battlements and stareOn the foundations of a house, or whereTree, like a sooty finger, starts from the earth;And send imagination forthUnder the day’s declining beam, and callImages and memoriesFrom ruin or from ancient trees,For I would ask a question of them all.

Beyond that ridge lived Mrs. French, and onceWhen every silver candlestick or sconceLit up the dark mahogany and the wine,A serving man that could divineThat most respected lady’s every wish,Ran and with the garden shearsClipped an insolent farmer’s earsAnd brought them in a little covered dish.

Some few remembered still when I was youngA peasant girl commended by a song,Who’d lived somewhere upon that rocky place,And praised the colour of her face,And had the greater joy in praising her,Remembering that, if walked she there,Farmers jostled at the fairSo great a glory did the song confer.

And certain men, being maddened by those rhymes,Or else by toasting her a score of times,Rose from the table and declared it rightTo test their fancy by their sight;But they mistook the brightness of the moonFor the prosaic light of day--Music had driven their wits astray--And one was drowned in the great bog of Cloone.

Strange, but the man who made the song was blind,Yet, now I have considered it, I findThat nothing strange; the tragedy beganWith Homer that was a blind man,And Helen has all living hearts betrayed.O may the moon and sunlight seemOne inextricable beam,For if I triumph I must make men mad.

And I myself created HanrahanAnd drove him drunk or sober through the dawnFrom somewhere in the neighbouring cottages.Caught by an old man’s juggleriesHe stumbled, tumbled, fumbled to and froAnd had but broken knees for hireAnd horrible splendour of desire;I thought it all out twenty years ago:

Good fellows shuffled cards in an old bawn;And when that ancient ruffian’s turn was onHe so bewitched the cards under his thumbThat all, but the one card, becameA pack of hounds and not a pack of cards,And that he changed into a hare.Hanrahan rose in frenzy thereAnd followed up those baying creatures towards--

O towards I have forgotten what--enough!I must recall a man that neither loveNor music nor an enemy’s clipped earCould, he was so harried, cheer;A figure that has grown so fabulousThere’s not a neighbour left to sayWhen he finished his dog’s day:An ancient bankrupt master of this house.

Before that ruin came, for centuries,Rough men-at-arms, cross-gartered to the kneesOr shod in iron, climbed the narrow stairs,And certain men-at-arms there wereWhose images, in the Great Memory stored,Come with loud cry and panting breastTo break upon a sleeper’s restWhile their great wooden dice beat on the board.

As I would question all, come all who can;Come old, necessitous, half-mounted man;And bring beauty’s blind rambling celebrant;The red man the juggler sentThrough God-forsaken meadows; Mrs. French,Gifted with so fine an ear;The man drowned in a bog’s mire,When mocking muses chose the country wench.

Did all old men and women, rich and poor,Who trod upon these rocks or passed this door,Whether in public or in secret rageAs I do now against old age?But I have found an answer in those eyesThat are impatient to be gone;Go therefore; but leave HanrahanFor I need all his mighty memories.

Old lecher with a love on every windBring up out of that deep considering mindAll that you have discovered in the grave,For it is certain that you haveReckoned up every unforeknown, unseeingPlunge, lured by a softening eye,Or by a touch or a sigh,Into the labyrinth of another’s being;

Does the imagination dwell the mostUpon a woman won or woman lost?If on the lost, admit you turned asideFrom a great labyrinth out of pride,Cowardice, some silly over-subtle thoughtOr anything called conscience once;And that if memory recur, the sun’sUnder eclipse and the day blotted out.

Words in this poem

candlestick n.
An instrument or utensil for supporting a candle. [AS. candel-sticca; candel candle + sticca stick.]
sconce v. t.
To shut up in a sconce; to imprison; to insconce.
somewhere adv.
In some place unknown or not specified; in one place or another.
toasting
a. & n. from Toast, v. Toasting fork, a long-handled fork for toasting bread, cheese, or the like, by the fire.
drove n.
A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]
neighbouring a.
Living or being near; adjacent; as, the neighboring nations or countries.
splendour n.
Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot the sun. B. Jonson. [L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
bawn n.
An inclosure with mud or stone walls, for keeping cattle; a fortified inclosure. [Ir. & Gael. babhun inclosure, bulwark.]
neighbour v. i.
To dwell in the vicinity; to be a neighbor, or in the neighborhood; to be near.
necessitous a.
Very needy or indigent; pressed with poverty. [Cf. F. nécessiteux.]
celebrant n.
One who performs a public religious rite; -- applied particularly to an officiating priest in the Roman Catholic Church, as distinguished from his assistants. [L. celebrans, p. pr. of celebrare. See Celebrate.]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
conscience n.
Knowledge of one's own thoughts or actions; consciousness. [F. conscience, fr. L. conscientia, fr. consciens, p.pr. of conscire to know, to be conscious; con- + scire to know. See Science.]
recur v. i.
To come back; to return again or repeatedly; to come again to mind. [L. recurrere; pref.re- re- + currere to run. See Current.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Poem II is in the public domain. This text is taken from The tower, Project Gutenberg ebook #72985; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: W. B. Yeats, Poem II, in The Tower (1928), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #72985, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/yeats-tower/poem-ii.html, id L19958.

Form and metre

Poem II is 104 lines in 13 stanzas of 8 lines each. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AA--BCCB stareA · whereA · earth · forth · callB · memoriesC · treesC · allB
  2. 2 --AABCCB once · sconce · wineA · divineA · wishB · shearsC · earsC · dishB
  3. 3 --AABCCB young · song · placeA · faceA · herB · thereC · fairC · conferB
  4. 4 AABBCDDC rhymesA · timesA · rightB · sightB · moonC · dayD · astrayD · clooneC
  5. 5 AABB-CC- blindA · findA · beganB · manB · betrayed · seemC · beamC · mad
  6. 6 AA--BCCB hanrahanA · dawnA · cottages · juggleries · froB · hireC · desireC · agoB
  7. 7 AA---BB- bawnA · onA · thumb · became · cards · hareB · thereB · towards
  8. 8 --AABCCB enough · love · earA · cheerA · fabulousB · sayC · dayC · houseB
  9. 9 AA--BCCB centuriesA · kneesA · stairs · were · storedB · breastC · restC · boardB
  10. 10 AABBC--C canA · manA · celebrantB · sentB · frenchC · ear · mire · wenchC
  11. 11 --AABCCB poor · door · rageA · ageA · eyesB · goneC · hanrahanC · memoriesB
  12. 12 AABBCDDC windA · mindA · graveB · haveB · unseeingC · eyeD · sighD · beingC
  13. 13 --AA---- most · lost · asideA · prideA · thought · once · sun's · out
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I pace upon the battlements and stare10·····/˘˘··
On the foundations of a house, or where10··˘/˘·····
Tree, like a sooty finger, starts from the earth;11···/˘/˘····
And send imagination forth8··˘·˘/˘·
Under the day’s declining beam, and call10····˘/˘···
Images and memories7/˘˘·/˘˘
From ruin or from ancient trees,8·/˘··/˘·
For I would ask a question of them all.10·····/˘···
Beyond that ridge lived Mrs. French, and once10·····/˘···
When every silver candlestick or sconce10·/˘/˘/˘···
Lit up the dark mahogany and the wine,10····˘/˘···
A serving man that could divine8·/˘···˘/
That most respected lady’s every wish,10··˘/˘/˘/˘·
Ran and with the garden shears7····/˘·
Clipped an insolent farmer’s ears9·˘·/˘˘/˘·
And brought them in a little covered dish.10·····/˘/˘·
Some few remembered still when I was young10··˘/˘·····
A peasant girl commended by a song,10·/˘·˘/˘···
Who’d lived somewhere upon that rocky place,10··/····/˘·
And praised the colour of her face,9··˘·/˘···
And had the greater joy in praising her,10···/˘··/˘·
Remembering that, if walked she there,10˘/˘˘···˘··
Farmers jostled at the fair7/˘/˘···
So great a glory did the song confer.10···/˘···˘/
And certain men, being maddened by those rhymes,10·/˘·//˘···
Or else by toasting her a score of times,10···/˘·····
Rose from the table and declared it right10···/˘·˘/··
To test their fancy by their sight;8···/˘···
But they mistook the brightness of the moon10··˘/·/˘···
For the prosaic light of day--8··˘/˘···
Music had driven their wits astray--9/˘·/˘··˘/
And one was drowned in the great bog of Cloone.10··········
Strange, but the man who made the song was blind,10··········
Yet, now I have considered it, I find10····˘/˘···
That nothing strange; the tragedy began10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
With Homer that was a blind man,8·/˘·····
And Helen has all living hearts betrayed.10·/˘··/˘·˘/
O may the moon and sunlight seem8·····/··
One inextricable beam,7·˘/˘˘˘·
For if I triumph I must make men mad.10···/˘·····
And I myself created Hanrahan10···/˘/˘/˘˘
And drove him drunk or sober through the dawn10·····/˘···
From somewhere in the neighbouring cottages.11·/···/˘˘/˘˘
Caught by an old man’s juggleries7·······
He stumbled, tumbled, fumbled to and fro10·/˘/˘/˘···
And had but broken knees for hire9···/˘··/˘
And horrible splendour of desire;10·/˘˘/˘·˘/˘
I thought it all out twenty years ago:10·····/˘·˘/
Good fellows shuffled cards in an old bawn;10·/˘/˘·····
And when that ancient ruffian’s turn was on10···/˘·····
He so bewitched the cards under his thumb10··˘/······
That all, but the one card, became8······˘/
A pack of hounds and not a pack of cards,10··········
And that he changed into a hare.9····˘····
Hanrahan rose in frenzy there8/˘˘··/˘·
And followed up those baying creatures towards--10·/˘··/˘/˘·
O towards I have forgotten what--enough!10····˘/˘·˘/
I must recall a man that neither love10··˘/···/˘·
Nor music nor an enemy’s clipped ear10·/˘··/˘˘··
Could, he was so harried, cheer;7····/˘·
A figure that has grown so fabulous10·/˘····/˘˘
There’s not a neighbour left to say8···/˘···
When he finished his dog’s day:7··/˘···
An ancient bankrupt master of this house.10·/˘/˘/˘···
Before that ruin came, for centuries,10···/˘··/˘˘
Rough men-at-arms, cross-gartered to the knees10·····/˘···
Or shod in iron, climbed the narrow stairs,10···/˘··/˘·
And certain men-at-arms there were8·/˘·····
Whose images, in the Great Memory stored,10·/˘···/˘˘·
Come with loud cry and panting breast8·····/˘·
To break upon a sleeper’s rest8·····/˘·
While their great wooden dice beat on the board.10···/˘·····
As I would question all, come all who can;10···/˘·····
Come old, necessitous, half-mounted man;10··˘/˘˘·/˘·
And bring beauty’s blind rambling celebrant;10··/˘·/˘/˘˘
The red man the juggler sent8····/˘˘·
Through God-forsaken meadows; Mrs. French,10··˘/˘/·/˘·
Gifted with so fine an ear;7/˘·····
The man drowned in a bog’s mire,7·······
When mocking muses chose the country wench.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Did all old men and women, rich and poor,10·····/˘···
Who trod upon these rocks or passed this door,10··········
Whether in public or in secret rage10···/˘··/˘·
As I do now against old age?8········
But I have found an answer in those eyes10·····/˘···
That are impatient to be gone;8··˘/˘···
Go therefore; but leave Hanrahan8·····/˘˘
For I need all his mighty memories.10·····/˘/˘˘
Old lecher with a love on every wind10·/˘····/˘·
Bring up out of that deep considering mind10······˘/˘·
All that you have discovered in the grave,10····˘/˘···
For it is certain that you have8···/˘···
Reckoned up every unforeknown, unseeing11/˘·/˘······
Plunge, lured by a softening eye,9··˘··/˘˘·
Or by a touch or a sigh,7·······
Into the labyrinth of another’s being;11···/˘··˘/˘/
Does the imagination dwell the most10··˘·˘/˘···
Upon a woman won or woman lost?10···/˘··/˘·
If on the lost, admit you turned aside10····˘/··˘/
From a great labyrinth out of pride,9···/˘····
Cowardice, some silly over-subtle thought10/˘˘·/˘·/˘·
Or anything called conscience once;9·/˘··˘/˘·
And that if memory recur, the sun’s10···/˘˘˘/··
Under eclipse and the day blotted out.10··˘/···/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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