Canto Third
Right gladly had the horses stirred,When they the wished-for greeting heard,The whip's loud notice from the door,That they were free to move once more.You think, those doings must have bredIn them disheartening doubts and dread;No, not a horse of all the eight,Although it be a moonless night,Fears either for himself or freight;For this they know (and let it hide,In part, the offences of their guide)That Benjamin, with clouded brains,Is worth the best with all their pains;And, if they had a prayer to make,The prayer would be that they may takeWith him whatever comes in course,The better fortune or the worse;That no one else may have business near them,And, drunk or sober, he may steer them.
So, forth in dauntless mood they fare,And with them goes the guardian pair.
Now, heroes, for the true commotion,The triumph of your late devotion!Can aught on earth impede delight,Still mounting to a higher height;And higher still--a greedy flight!Can any low-born care pursue her,Can any mortal clog come to her?No notion have they--not a thought,That is from joyless regions brought!And, while they coast the silent lake,Their inspiration I partake;Share their empyreal spirits--yea,With their enraptured vision, see--O fancy--what a jubilee!What shifting pictures--clad in gleamsOf colour bright as feverish dreams!Earth, spangled sky, and lake serene,Involved and restless all--a scenePregnant with mutual exaltation,Rich change, and multiplied creation!This sight to me the Muse imparts;--And then, what kindness in their hearts!What tears of rapture, what vow-making,Profound entreaties, and hand-shaking!What solemn, vacant, interlacing,As if they'd fall asleep embracing!Then, in the turbulence of glee,And in the excess of amity,Says Benjamin, "That Ass of thine,He spoils thy sport, and hinders mine:If he were tethered to the waggon,He'd drag as well what he is dragging;And we, as brother should with brother,Might trudge it alongside each other!"
Forthwith, obedient to command,The horses made a quiet stand;And to the waggon's skirts was tiedThe Creature, by the Mastiff's side,The Mastiff wondering, and perplextWith dread of what will happen next;And thinking it but sorry cheer,To have such company so near!
This new arrangement made, the WainThrough the still night proceeds again;No Moon hath risen her light to lend;But indistinctly may be kennedThe VANGUARD, following close behind,Sails spread, as if to catch the wind!
"Thy wife and child are snug and warm,Thy ship will travel without harm;I like," said Benjamin, "her shape and stature:And this of mine--this bulky creatureOf which I have the steering--this,Seen fairly, is not much amiss!We want your streamers, friend, you know;But, altogether as we go,We make a kind of handsome show!Among these hills, from first to last,We've weathered many a furious blast;Hard passage forcing on, with headAgainst the storm, and canvass spread.I hate a boaster; but to theeWill say't, who know'st both land and sea,The unluckiest hulk that stems the brineIs hardly worse beset than mine,When cross-winds on her quarter beat;And, fairly lifted from my feet,I stagger onward--heaven knows how;But not so pleasantly as now:Poor pilot I, by snows confounded,And many a foundrous pit surrounded!Yet here we are, by night and dayGrinding through rough and smooth our way;Through foul and fair our task fulfilling;And long shall be so yet--God willing!"
"Ay," said the Tar, "through fair and foul--But save us from yon screeching owl!"That instant was begun a frayWhich called their thoughts another way:The mastiff, ill-conditioned carl!What must he do but growl and snarl,Still more and more dissatisfiedWith the meek comrade at his side!Till, not incensed though put to proof,The Ass, uplifting a hind hoof,Salutes the Mastiff on the head;And so were better manners bred,And all was calmed and quieted.
"Yon screech-owl," says the Sailor, turningBack to his former cause of mourning,"Yon owl!--pray God that all be well!'Tis worse than any funeral bell;As sure as I've the gift of sight,We shall be meeting ghosts to-night!"--Said Benjamin, "This whip shall layA thousand, if they cross our way.I know that Wanton's noisy station,I know him and his occupation;The jolly bird hath learned his cheerUpon the banks of Windermere;Where a tribe of them make merry,Mocking the Man that keeps the ferry;Hallooing from an open throat,Like travellers shouting for a boat.--The tricks he learned at WindermereThis vagrant owl is playing here--That is the worst of his employment:He's at the top of his enjoyment!"
This explanation stilled the alarm,Cured the foreboder like a charm;This, and the manner, and the voice,Summoned the Sailor to rejoice;His heart is up--he fears no evilFrom life or death, from man or devil;He wheels --and, making many stops,Brandished his crutch against the mountain tops;And, while he talked of blows and scars,Benjamin, among the stars,Beheld a dancing--and a glancing;Such retreating and advancingAs, I ween, was never seenIn bloodiest battle since the days of Mars!
Words in this poem 26
- gladly adv.
- Preferably; by choice. [From Glad, a.]
- moonless a.
- Being without a moon or moonlight.
- benjamin n.
- A kind of upper coat for men.
- dauntless a.
- Incapable of being daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless; intrepid.
- aught n.
- Property; possession. [AS. , fr. agan to own, p. p. ahte.]
- joyless a.
- Not having joy; not causing joy; unenjoyable.
- empyreal a.
- Formed of pure fire or light; refined beyond aërial substance; pertaining to the highest and purest region of heaven. [L. empyrius, empyreus, fiery, Gr. In, and Fire.]
- clad v.
- To clothe. Holland.
- glee n.
- Music; minstrelsy; entertainment.
- amity n.
- Friendship, in a general sense, between individuals, societies, or nations; friendly relations; good understanding; as, a treaty of amity and commerce; the amity of the Whigs and Tories. [F. amitié, OF. amistié, amisté, fr. an assumed LL. amisitas, fr. L. amicus friendly, from amare to love. See Amiable.]
- trudge v. i.
- To walk or march with labor; to jog along; to move wearily. [Perhaps of Scand. origin, and originally meaning, to walk on snowshoes; cf. dial. Sw. truga, trudja, a snowshoe, Norw. truga, Icel. þruga.]
- forthwith adv.
- Immediately; without delay; directly.
- wain n.
- A four-wheeled vehicle for the transportation of goods, produce, etc.; a wagon. [OE. wain, AS. wægn; akin to D. & G. wagen, OHG. wagan, Icel. & Sw. vagn, Dan. vogn, and E. way. Way, Weigh, and cf. Wagon.]
- vanguard n.
- The troops who march in front of an army; the advance guard; the van. [For vantguard, avantguard, F. avant-garde; avant before, fore + garde guard. See Avant, Ab-,Ante-, and Guard, and cf. Advance, Vamp, Van of an army, Vaward.]
- fairly adv.
- In a fairmanner; clearly; openly; plainly; fully; distinctly; frankly.
- altogether adv.
- All together; conjointly. [OE. altogedere; al all + togedere together. See Together.]
- weathered a.
- Made sloping, so as to throw off water; as, a weathered cornice or window sill.
- hulk n.
- The body of a ship or decked vessel of any kind; esp., the body of an old vessel laid by as unfit for service. [OE. hulke a heavy ship, AS. hulc a light, swift ship; akin to D. hulk a ship of burden, G. holk, OHG. holcho; perh. fr. LL. holcas, Gr. Wolf, Holcad.]
- pleasantly adv.
- In a pleasant manner.
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- carl n.
- A rude, rustic man; a churl. [Icel, karl a male, a man; akin to AS. ceorl, OHG. charal, G. kerl fellow. See Churl.]
- incensed a.
- Angered; enraged.
- foreboder n.
- One who forebodes.
- crutch n.
- A staff with a crosspiece at the head, to be placed under the arm or shoulder, to support the lame or infirm in walking. [OE. cruche, AS. crycc, cricc; akin to D. kruk, G. kr, Dan. krykke, Sw. krycka, and to E. crook. See Crook, and cf. Cricket a low stool.]
- glancing a.
- Shooting, as light.
- ween v. i.
- To think; to imagine; to fancy. [OE. wenen, AS. w, fr. w hope, expectation, opinion; akin to D. waan, OFries. w, OS. & OHG. wan, G. wahn delusion, Icel. van hope, expectation, Goth. w, and D. w]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Canto Third is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 3 (of 8), Project Gutenberg ebook #12383; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: William Wordsworth, Canto Third, in The Poetical Works, Volume III (1802–1815), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12383, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wordsworth-vol3/canto-third.html, id L17429.
Form and metre
Canto Third is 143 lines in 9 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 74% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 91% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.5 syllables. 32 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 15% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCD-DEEFFGG--HH stirredA · heardA · doorB · moreB · bredC · dreadC · eightD · night · freightD · hideE · guideE · brainsF · painsF · makeG · takeG · course · worse · themH · themH
- 2 AA fareA · pairA
- 3 AABBB--CCDD-EEFFGGGGHHIIJJ--KK--LL commotionA · devotionA · delightB · heightB · flightB · her · her · thoughtC · broughtC · lakeD · partakeD · yea · seeE · jubileeE · gleamsF · dreamsF · sereneG · sceneG · exaltationG · creationG · impartsH · heartsH · makingI · shakingI · interlacingJ · embracingJ · glee · amity · thineK · mineK · waggon · dragging · brotherL · otherL
- 4 AABBCCDD commandA · standA · tiedB · sideB · perplextC · nextC · cheerD · nearD
- 5 AABBCC wainA · againA · lendB · kennedB · behindC · windC
- 6 ----AABBBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKK warm · harm · stature · creature · thisA · amissA · knowB · goB · showB · lastC · blastC · headD · spreadD · theeE · seaE · brineF · mineF · beatG · feetG · howH · nowH · confoundedI · surroundedI · dayJ · wayJ · fulfillingK · willingK
- 7 AABBCCDDEEFFF foulA · owlA · frayB · wayB · carlC · snarlC · dissatisfiedD · sideD · proofE · hoofE · headF · bredF · quietedF
- 8 --AABBCCDDEEFFGGEEHH turning · mourning · wellA · bellA · sightB · nightB · layC · wayC · stationD · occupationD · cheerE · windermereE · merryF · ferryF · throatG · boatG · windermereE · hereE · employmentH · enjoymentH
- 9 AABB--CCDDEE-D alarmA · charmA · voiceB · rejoiceB · evil · devil · stopsC · topsC · scarsD · starsD · glancingE · advancingE · seen · marsD
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Right gladly had the horses stirred, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·˘ |
| When they the wished-for greeting heard, | 9 | ····˘·/˘· |
| The whip's loud notice from the door, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| That they were free to move once more. | 8 | ········ |
| You think, those doings must have bred | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| In them disheartening doubts and dread; | 9 | ··˘/˘˘··· |
| No, not a horse of all the eight, | 8 | ········ |
| Although it be a moonless night, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Fears either for himself or freight; | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| For this they know (and let it hide, | 8 | ········ |
| In part, the offences of their guide) | 9 | ········· |
| That Benjamin, with clouded brains, | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| Is worth the best with all their pains; | 8 | ········ |
| And, if they had a prayer to make, | 8 | ········ |
| The prayer would be that they may take | 8 | ········ |
| With him whatever comes in course, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The better fortune or the worse; | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| That no one else may have business near them, | 10 | ······/˘·· |
| And, drunk or sober, he may steer them. | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| So, forth in dauntless mood they fare, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And with them goes the guardian pair. | 9 | ·····/˘˘· |
| Now, heroes, for the true commotion, | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| The triumph of your late devotion! | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| Can aught on earth impede delight, | 8 | ····˘/˘/ |
| Still mounting to a higher height; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And higher still--a greedy flight! | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Can any low-born care pursue her, | 9 | ·/˘···˘/· |
| Can any mortal clog come to her? | 9 | ·/˘/˘···· |
| No notion have they--not a thought, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| That is from joyless regions brought! | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| And, while they coast the silent lake, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Their inspiration I partake; | 8 | ··˘/˘·˘/ |
| Share their empyreal spirits--yea, | 9 | ··˘/˘˘/˘· |
| With their enraptured vision, see-- | 9 | ··˘/˘˘/˘· |
| O fancy--what a jubilee! | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| What shifting pictures--clad in gleams | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Of colour bright as feverish dreams! | 9 | ·/˘··/˘˘· |
| Earth, spangled sky, and lake serene, | 9 | ·/˘˘···˘/ |
| Involved and restless all--a scene | 9 | ˘/˘·/˘··· |
| Pregnant with mutual exaltation, | 10 | /˘·/˘˘···· |
| Rich change, and multiplied creation! | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| This sight to me the Muse imparts;-- | 8 | ······˘/ |
| And then, what kindness in their hearts! | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| What tears of rapture, what vow-making, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| Profound entreaties, and hand-shaking! | 9 | ˘/˘/˘··/˘ |
| What solemn, vacant, interlacing, | 9 | ·/˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| As if they'd fall asleep embracing! | 9 | ····˘/˘/˘ |
| Then, in the turbulence of glee, | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| And in the excess of amity, | 9 | ···˘/·/˘˘ |
| Says Benjamin, "That Ass of thine, | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| He spoils thy sport, and hinders mine: | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| If he were tethered to the waggon, | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| He'd drag as well what he is dragging; | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| And we, as brother should with brother, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| Might trudge it alongside each other!" | 9 | ···˘//·/˘ |
| Forthwith, obedient to command, | 9 | //˘/˘˘·˘/ |
| The horses made a quiet stand; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And to the waggon's skirts was tied | 8 | ········ |
| The Creature, by the Mastiff's side, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| The Mastiff wondering, and perplext | 9 | ·/˘/˘˘··· |
| With dread of what will happen next; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And thinking it but sorry cheer, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| To have such company so near! | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| This new arrangement made, the Wain | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| Through the still night proceeds again; | 8 | ····˘/˘/ |
| No Moon hath risen her light to lend; | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| But indistinctly may be kenned | 9 | ········˘ |
| The VANGUARD, following close behind, | 9 | ·/·/˘˘··· |
| Sails spread, as if to catch the wind! | 8 | ········ |
| "Thy wife and child are snug and warm, | 8 | ········ |
| Thy ship will travel without harm; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| I like," said Benjamin, "her shape and stature: | 11 | ···/˘˘···/˘ |
| And this of mine--this bulky creature | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Of which I have the steering--this, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Seen fairly, is not much amiss! | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| We want your streamers, friend, you know; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| But, altogether as we go, | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| We make a kind of handsome show! | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Among these hills, from first to last, | 8 | ········ |
| We've weathered many a furious blast; | 10 | ·/˘/˘·/˘˘· |
| Hard passage forcing on, with head | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Against the storm, and canvass spread. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| I hate a boaster; but to thee | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Will say't, who know'st both land and sea, | 8 | ········ |
| The unluckiest hulk that stems the brine | 9 | ········· |
| Is hardly worse beset than mine, | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| When cross-winds on her quarter beat; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And, fairly lifted from my feet, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| I stagger onward--heaven knows how; | 9 | ·/˘/˘/˘·· |
| But not so pleasantly as now: | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| Poor pilot I, by snows confounded, | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| And many a foundrous pit surrounded! | 10 | ·/˘····˘/˘ |
| Yet here we are, by night and day | 8 | ········ |
| Grinding through rough and smooth our way; | 9 | /˘····/˘· |
| Through foul and fair our task fulfilling; | 10 | ····/˘·˘/˘ |
| And long shall be so yet--God willing!" | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| "Ay," said the Tar, "through fair and foul-- | 8 | ········ |
| But save us from yon screeching owl!" | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| That instant was begun a fray | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Which called their thoughts another way: | 9 | ··˘··˘/˘· |
| The mastiff, ill-conditioned carl! | 9 | ·/˘·˘/˘˘· |
| What must he do but growl and snarl, | 8 | ········ |
| Still more and more dissatisfied | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| With the meek comrade at his side! | 8 | ···/···· |
| Till, not incensed though put to proof, | 9 | ··/·˘···· |
| The Ass, uplifting a hind hoof, | 8 | ··/·˘··· |
| Salutes the Mastiff on the head; | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| And so were better manners bred, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| And all was calmed and quieted. | 9 | ····˘·/˘˘ |
| "Yon screech-owl," says the Sailor, turning | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Back to his former cause of mourning, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| "Yon owl!--pray God that all be well! | 8 | ········ |
| 'Tis worse than any funeral bell; | 9 | ···/˘/˘˘· |
| As sure as I've the gift of sight, | 8 | ········ |
| We shall be meeting ghosts to-night!" | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| --Said Benjamin, "This whip shall lay | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| A thousand, if they cross our way. | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| I know that Wanton's noisy station, | 9 | ···/˘/˘/˘ |
| I know him and his occupation; | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| The jolly bird hath learned his cheer | 9 | ·/˘···˘·· |
| Upon the banks of Windermere; | 8 | ········ |
| Where a tribe of them make merry, | 8 | ······/˘ |
| Mocking the Man that keeps the ferry; | 9 | /˘·····/˘ |
| Hallooing from an open throat, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Like travellers shouting for a boat. | 9 | ·/˘˘/˘··· |
| --The tricks he learned at Windermere | 9 | ····˘···· |
| This vagrant owl is playing here-- | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| That is the worst of his employment: | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| He's at the top of his enjoyment!" | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| This explanation stilled the alarm, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘·˘/ |
| Cured the foreboder like a charm; | 9 | ·˘·˘/˘··· |
| This, and the manner, and the voice, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Summoned the Sailor to rejoice; | 9 | /˘˘·/˘·˘/ |
| His heart is up--he fears no evil | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| From life or death, from man or devil; | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| He wheels --and, making many stops, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Brandished his crutch against the mountain tops; | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| And, while he talked of blows and scars, | 9 | ····˘···· |
| Benjamin, among the stars, | 7 | /˘˘···· |
| Beheld a dancing--and a glancing; | 9 | ˘/·/˘··/˘ |
| Such retreating and advancing | 8 | ·˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| As, I ween, was never seen | 7 | ····/˘· |
| In bloodiest battle since the days of Mars! | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.