Canto Fourth

William Wordsworth (1770–1850) · 1802–1815

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 269 lines · from The Poetical Works, Volume III

Thus they, with freaks of proud delight,Beguile the remnant of the night;And many a snatch of jovial songRegales them as they wind along;While to the music, from on high,The echoes make a glad reply.--But the sage Muse the revel heedsNo farther than her story needs;Nor will she servilely attendThe loitering journey to its end.--Blithe spirits of her own impelThe Muse, who scents the morning air,To take of this transported pairA brief and unreproved farewell;To quit the slow-paced waggon's side,And wander down yon hawthorn dell,With murmuring Greta for her guide.--There doth she ken the awful formOf Raven-crag--black as a storm--Glimmering through the twilight pale;And Ghimmer-crag, his tall twin brother,Each peering forth to meet the other:--And, while she roves through St. John's Vale,Along the smooth unpathwayed plain,By sheep-track or through cottage lane,Where no disturbance comes to intrudeUpon the pensive solitude,Her unsuspecting eye, perchance,With the rude shepherd's favoured glance,Beholds the faeries in array,Whose party-coloured garments gayThe silent company betray:Red, green, and blue; a moment's sight!For Skiddaw-top with rosy lightIs touched--and all the band take flight.--Fly also, Muse! and from the dellMount to the ridge of Nathdale Fell;Thence, look thou forth o'er wood and lawnHoar with the frost-like dews of dawn;Across yon meadowy bottom look,Where close fogs hide their parent brook;And see, beyond that hamlet small,The ruined towers of Threlkeld-hall,Lurking in a double shade,By trees and lingering twilight made!There, at Blencathara's rugged feet,Sir Lancelot gave a safe retreatTo noble Clifford; from annoyConcealed the persecuted boy,Well pleased in rustic garb to feedHis flock, and pipe on shepherd's reedAmong this multitude of hills,Crags, woodlands, waterfalls, and rills;Which soon the morning shall enfold,From east to west, in ample vestOf massy gloom and radiance bold.

The mists, that o'er the streamlet's bedHung low, begin to rise and spread;Even while I speak, their skirts of greyAre smitten by a silver ray;And lo!--up Castrigg's naked steep(Where, smoothly urged, the vapours sweepAlong--and scatter and divide,Like fleecy clouds self-multiplied)The stately waggon is ascending,With faithful Benjamin attending,Apparent now beside his team--Now lost amid a glittering steam:And with him goes his Sailor-friend,By this time near their journey's end;And, after their high-minded riot,Sickening into thoughtful quiet;As if the morning's pleasant hour,Had for their joys a killing power.And, sooth, for Benjamin a veinIs opened of still deeper pain,As if his heart by notes were stungFrom out the lowly hedge-rows flung;As if the warbler lost in lightReproved his soarings of the night,In strains of rapture pure and holyUpbraided his distempered folly.

Drooping is he, his step is dull;But the horses stretch and pull;With increasing vigour climb,Eager to repair lost time;Whether, by their own desert,Knowing what cause there is for shame,They are labouring to avertAs much as may be of the blame,Which, they foresee, must soon alightUpon his head, whom, in despiteOf all his failings, they love best;Whether for him they are distrest,Or, by length of fasting roused,Are impatient to be housed:Up against the hill they strainTugging at the iron chain,Tugging all with might and main,Last and foremost, every horseTo the utmost of his force!And the smoke and respiration,Rising like an exhalation,Blend with the mist--a moving shroudTo form, an undissolving cloud;Which, with slant ray, the merry sunTakes delight to play upon.Never golden-haired Apollo,Pleased some favourite chief to followThrough accidents of peace or war,In a perilous moment threwAround the object of his careVeil of such celestial hue;Interposed so bright a screen--Him and his enemies between!

Alas! what boots it?--who can hide,When the malicious Fates are bentOn working out an ill intent?Can destiny be turned aside?No--sad progress of my story!Benjamin, this outward gloryCannot shield thee from thy Master,Who from Keswick has pricked forth,Sour and surly as the north;And, in fear of some disaster,Comes to give what help he may,And to hear what thou canst say;If, as needs he must forebode,Thou hast been loitering on the road!His fears, his doubts, may now take flight--The wished-for object is in sight;Yet, trust the Muse, it rather hathStirred him up to livelier wrath;Which he stifles, moody man!With all the patience that he can;To the end that, at your meeting,He may give thee decent greeting.

There he is--resolved to stop,Till the waggon gains the top;But stop he cannot--must advance:Him Benjamin, with lucky glance,Espies--and instantly is ready,Self-collected, poised, and steady:And, to be the better seen,Issues from his radiant shroud,From his close-attending cloud,With careless air and open mien.Erect his port, and firm his going;So struts yon cock that now is crowing;And the morning light in graceStrikes upon his lifted face,Hurrying the pallid hue awayThat might his trespasses betray.But what can all avail to clear him,Or what need of explanation,Parley or interrogation?For the Master sees, alas!That unhappy Figure near him,Limping o'er the dewy grass,Where the road it fringes, sweet,Soft and cool to way-worn feet;And, O indignity! an Ass,By his noble Mastiffs side,Tethered to the waggon's tail:And the ship, in all her pride,Following after in full sail!Not to speak of babe and mother;Who, contented with each other,And snug as birds in leafy arbour,Find, within, a blessed harbour!

With eager eyes the Master pries;Looks in and out, and through and through;Says nothing--till at last he spiesA wound upon the Mastiff's head,A wound, where plainly might be readWhat feats an Ass's hoof can do!But drop the rest:--this aggravation,This complicated provocation,A hoard of grievances unsealed;All past forgiveness it repealed;And thus, and through distempered bloodOn both sides, Benjamin the good,The patient, and the tender-hearted,Was from his team and waggon parted;When duty of that day was o'er,Laid down his whip--and served no more.--Nor could the waggon long survive,Which Benjamin had ceased to drive:It lingered on;--guide after guideAmbitiously the office tried;But each unmanageable hillCalled for his patience and his skill;--And sure it is, that through this night,And what the morning brought to light,Two losses had we to sustain,We lost both WAGGONER and WAIN!

Accept, O Friend, for praise or blame,The gift of this adventurous song;A record which I dared to frame,Though timid scruples checked me long;They checked me--and I left the themeUntouched;--in spite of many a gleamOf fancy which thereon was shed,Like pleasant sunbeams shifting stillUpon the side of a distant hill:But Nature might not be gainsaid;For what I have and what I missI sing of these;--it makes my bliss!Nor is it I who play the part,But a shy spirit in my heart,That comes and goes--will sometimes leapFrom hiding-places ten years deep;Or haunts me with familiar face,Returning, like a ghost unlaid,Until the debt I owe be paid.Forgive me, then; for I had beenOn friendly terms with this Machine:In him, while he was wont to traceOur roads, through many a long year's space,A living almanack had we;We had a speaking diary,That in this uneventful place,Gave to the days a mark and nameBy which we knew them when they came.--Yes, I, and all about me here,Through all the changes of the year,Had seen him through the mountains go,In pomp of mist or pomp of snow,Majestically huge and slow:Or, with a milder grace adorningThe landscape of a summer's morning;While Grasmere smoothed her liquid plainThe moving image to detain;And mighty Fairfield, with a chimeOf echoes, to his march kept time;When little other business stirred,And little other sound was heard;In that delicious hour of balm,Stillness, solitude, and calm,While yet the valley is arrayed,On this side with a sober shade;On that is prodigally bright--Crag, lawn, and wood--with rosy light.--But most of all, thou lordly Wain!I wish to have thee here again,When windows flap and chimney roars,And all is dismal out of doors;And, sitting by my fire, I seeEight sorry carts, no less a train!Unworthy successors of thee,Come straggling through the wind and rain:And oft, as they pass slowly on,Beneath my windows, one by one,See, perched upon the naked heightThe summit of a cumbrous freight,A single traveller--and thereAnother; then perhaps a pair--The lame, the sickly, and the old;Men, women, heartless with the cold;And babes in wet and starveling plight;Which once, be weather as it might,Had still a nest within a nest,Thy shelter--and their mother's breast!Then most of all, then far the most,Do I regret what we have lost;Am grieved for that unhappy sinWhich robbed us of good Benjamin;--And of his stately Charge, which noneCould keep alive when He was gone!

Words in this poem 47
jovial a.
Of or pertaining to the god, or the planet, Jupiter. [F., fr. L. Jovialis pertaining to Jove. The planet Jupiter was thought to make those born under it joyful or jovial. See Jove.]
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
blithe a.
Gay; merry; sprightly; joyous; glad; cheerful; as, a blithe spirit. [AS. bli blithe, kind; akin to Goth. blei kind, Icel. bli mild, gentle, Dan. & Sw. blid gentle, D. blijd blithe, OHG. blidi kind, blithe.]
unreproved a.
Not reproved. Sandys.
dell n.
A small, retired valley; a ravine. [AS. del, akin to E. dale; cf. D. delle, del, low ground. See Dale.]
crag n.
The neck or throat [A form of craw: cf. D. kraag neck, collar, G. kragen. See Craw.]
vale n.
A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
favoured a.
Countenanced; aided; regarded with kidness; as, a favored friend.
coloured a.
Having color; tinged; dyed; painted; stained.
skiddaw n.
The black guillemot.
hoar v. t.
To become moldy or musty. [AS. harian to grow gray.]
meadowy a.
Of or pertaining to meadows; resembling, or consisting of, meadow.
garb n.
External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of speech. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. garawi, garwi, ornament, dress. akin to E. gear. See Gear, n.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
enfold v. t.
To infold. See Infold.
vest n.
An article of clothing covering the person; an outer garment; a vestment; a dress; a vesture; a robe. [L. vestis a garment, vesture; akin to Goth. wasti, and E. wear: cf. F. veste. See Wear to carry on the person, and cf. Divest, Invest, Travesty.]
massy a.
Compacted into, or consisting of, a mass; having bulk and weight ot substance; ponderous; bulky and heavy; weight; heavy; as, a massy shield; a massy rock.
fleecy a.
Covered with, made of, or resembling, a fleece.
benjamin n.
A kind of upper coat for men.
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
sickening a.
Causing sickness; specif., causing surfeit or disgust; nauseating.
sooth a.
True; faithful; trustworthy. [OE. soth, AS. s, for san; akin to OS. s, OHG. sand, Icel. sannr, Sw. sann, Dan. sand, Skr. sat, sant, real, genuine, present, being; properly p. pr. from a root]
vigour v. t.
To invigorate. Feltham.
labouring a.
That labors; performing labor; esp., performing coarse, heavy work, not requiring skill also, set apart for labor; as, laboring days.
foresee v. i.
To have or exercise foresight.
surly a.
Arrogant; haughty. Cotgrave. [Probably from sir, and originally meaning, sirlike, i.e., proud. See Sir, and Like, a.]
disaster n.
An unpropitious or baleful aspect of a planet or star; malevolent influence of a heavenly body; hence, an ill portent. [F. désastre; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + astre star, fr. L. astrum; a word of astrological origin. See Aster, Astral, Star.]
forebode n.
Prognostication; presage.
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
babe n.
An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
arbour n.
A kind of latticework formed of, or covered with, vines, branches of trees, or other plants, for shade; a bower. Sir P. [OE. herber, herbere, properly a garden of herbs, F. herbier, fr. L. herbarium. See Herb, and cf. Herbarium.]
harbour n.
A station for rest and entertainment; a place of security and comfort; a refuge; a shelter. [OE herbor, herberwe, herberge, Icel. herbergi (cf. OHG. heriberga), orig., a shelter for soldiers; herr army + bjarga to save, help, defend; akin to AS. here ar]
ambitiously adv.
In an ambitious manner.
wain n.
A four-wheeled vehicle for the transportation of goods, produce, etc.; a wagon. [OE. wain, AS. wægn; akin to D. & G. wagen, OHG. wagan, Icel. & Sw. vagn, Dan. vogn, and E. way. Way, Weigh, and cf. Wagon.]
thereon adv.
On that or this. [AS. . See There, and On.]
ghost n.
The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
unlaid a.
Not laid or placed; not fixed. Hooker.
chime n.
The harmonious sound of bells, or of musical instruments. [OE. chimbe, prop., cymbal, OF. cymbe, cymble, in a dialectic form, chymble, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. Cymbal.]
stillness n.
The quality or state of being still; quietness; silence; calmness; inactivity.
prodigally adv.
In a prodigal manner; with profusion of expense; extravagantly; wasteful; profusely; lavishly; as, an estate prodigally dissipated.
chimney n.
A fireplace or hearth. Sir W. Raleigh.
dismal a.
Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phr]
straggling a.
from Straggle, v.
cumbrous a.
Rendering action or motion difficult or toilsome; serving to obstruct or hinder; burdensome; clogging.
heartless a.
Without a heart.
starveling n.
One who, or that which, pines from lack or food, or nutriment. [Starve + -ling.]
plight v. t.
To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait. [OE. pliten; probably through Old French, fr. LL. plectare, L. plectere. See Plait, Ply.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Canto Fourth is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 3 (of 8), Project Gutenberg ebook #12383; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Wordsworth, Canto Fourth, in The Poetical Works, Volume III (1802–1815), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12383, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wordsworth-vol3/canto-fourth.html, id L17430.

Form and metre

Canto Fourth is 269 lines in 7 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 57% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.2 syllables. 43 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 22% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFGGFHFHIIJKKJLLMMNNOOOPPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZ-Z delightA · nightA · songB · alongB · highC · replyC · heedsD · needsD · attendE · endE · impelF · airG · pairG · farewellF · sideH · dellF · guideH · formI · stormI · paleJ · brotherK · otherK · valeJ · plainL · laneL · intrudeM · solitudeM · perchanceN · glanceN · arrayO · gayO · betrayO · sightP · lightP · flightP · dellQ · fellQ · lawnR · dawnR · lookS · brookS · smallT · hallT · shadeU · madeU · feetV · retreatV · annoyW · boyW · feedX · reedX · hillsY · rillsY · enfoldZ · vest · boldZ
  2. 2 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLL-- bedA · spreadA · greyB · rayB · steepC · sweepC · divideD · multipliedD · ascendingE · attendingE · teamF · steamF · friendG · endG · riotH · quietH · hourI · powerI · veinJ · painJ · stungK · flungK · lightL · nightL · holy · folly
  3. 3 --AABCBCBBDDEEFFFGGFFHHFFII-J-JKK dull · pull · climbA · timeA · desertB · shameC · avertB · blameC · alightB · despiteB · bestD · distrestD · rousedE · housedE · strainF · chainF · mainF · horseG · forceG · respirationF · exhalationF · shroudH · cloudH · sunF · uponF · apolloI · followI · war · threwJ · care · hueJ · screenK · betweenK
  4. 4 ABBACCDEEDFFGGHHIIJJKK hideA · bentB · intentB · asideA · storyC · gloryC · masterD · forthE · northE · disasterD · mayF · sayF · forebodeG · roadG · flightH · sightH · hathI · wrathI · manJ · canJ · meetingK · greetingK
  5. 5 AABBCCDEEDFFGGHH-IIJ-JKKJLMLMNNOO stopA · topA · advanceB · glanceB · readyC · steadyC · seenD · shroudE · cloudE · mienD · goingF · crowingF · graceG · faceG · awayH · betrayH · him · explanationI · interrogationI · alasJ · him · grassJ · sweetK · feetK · assJ · sideL · tailM · prideL · sailM · motherN · otherN · arbourO · harbourO
  6. 6 ABACCBDDEEFFGG--HHIIJJKKLL priesA · throughB · spiesA · headC · readC · doB · aggravationD · provocationD · unsealedE · repealedE · bloodF · goodF · heartedG · partedG · o'er · more · surviveH · driveH · guideI · triedI · hillJ · skillJ · nightK · lightK · sustainL · wainL
  7. 7 ABABCC-DD-EEFFGG-HH--II--IJJKKLLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSS--TTUVUV----WWXXYYZZ--aaaa blameA · songB · frameA · longB · themeC · gleamC · shed · stillD · hillD · gainsaid · missE · blissE · partF · heartF · leapG · deepG · face · unlaidH · paidH · been · machine · traceI · spaceI · we · diary · placeI · nameJ · cameJ · hereK · yearK · goL · snowL · slowL · adorningM · morningM · plainN · detainN · chimeO · timeO · stirredP · heardP · balmQ · calmQ · arrayedR · shadeR · brightS · lightS · wain · again · roarsT · doorsT · seeU · trainV · theeU · rainV · on · one · height · freight · thereW · pairW · oldX · coldX · plightY · mightY · nestZ · breastZ · most · lost · sina · benjamina · nonea · gonea
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Thus they, with freaks of proud delight,8······˘/
Beguile the remnant of the night;8˘/·/˘···
And many a snatch of jovial song10·/˘···/˘˘·
Regales them as they wind along;8˘/····˘/
While to the music, from on high,8···/˘···
The echoes make a glad reply.--8·/˘···˘/
But the sage Muse the revel heeds8·····/˘·
No farther than her story needs;8·/˘··/˘·
Nor will she servilely attend8···/˘˘˘/
The loitering journey to its end.9·/˘˘/˘···
--Blithe spirits of her own impel8·/˘···˘/
The Muse, who scents the morning air,8·····/˘·
To take of this transported pair8····˘/˘·
A brief and unreproved farewell;9······˘·/
To quit the slow-paced waggon's side,9·····˘···
And wander down yon hawthorn dell,8·/˘··/··
With murmuring Greta for her guide.9·/˘˘/˘···
--There doth she ken the awful form8·····/˘·
Of Raven-crag--black as a storm--8·/˘·····
Glimmering through the twilight pale;8/˘˘··/··
And Ghimmer-crag, his tall twin brother,9·······/˘
Each peering forth to meet the other:--9·/˘····/˘
And, while she roves through St. John's Vale,8········
Along the smooth unpathwayed plain,9˘/··˘/˘˘·
By sheep-track or through cottage lane,8·····/˘·
Where no disturbance comes to intrude9··˘/˘··˘/
Upon the pensive solitude,8···/˘/˘·
Her unsuspecting eye, perchance,8··˘/˘·˘/
With the rude shepherd's favoured glance,9···/˘/˘˘·
Beholds the faeries in array,7˘/···˘/
Whose party-coloured garments gay9·/˘/˘˘/˘·
The silent company betray:8·/˘/˘˘˘/
Red, green, and blue; a moment's sight!8·····/˘·
For Skiddaw-top with rosy light8·/˘··/˘·
Is touched--and all the band take flight.9··˘······
--Fly also, Muse! and from the dell8·/˘·····
Mount to the ridge of Nathdale Fell;9·········
Thence, look thou forth o'er wood and lawn8········
Hoar with the frost-like dews of dawn;8········
Across yon meadowy bottom look,9˘/·/˘˘/˘·
Where close fogs hide their parent brook;8·····/˘·
And see, beyond that hamlet small,8·····/˘·
The ruined towers of Threlkeld-hall,10·/˘˘/˘·/··
Lurking in a double shade,7/˘··/˘·
By trees and lingering twilight made!9···/˘˘/··
There, at Blencathara's rugged feet,10······/˘˘·
Sir Lancelot gave a safe retreat9·/˘····˘/
To noble Clifford; from annoy8·/˘/˘·˘/
Concealed the persecuted boy,9˘/˘·/˘·˘·
Well pleased in rustic garb to feed9··˘·/˘···
His flock, and pipe on shepherd's reed8·····/˘·
Among this multitude of hills,8···/˘···
Crags, woodlands, waterfalls, and rills;8·/·/˘···
Which soon the morning shall enfold,8···/˘·˘/
From east to west, in ample vest8·····/˘·
Of massy gloom and radiance bold.9·/˘··/˘˘·
The mists, that o'er the streamlet's bed8········
Hung low, begin to rise and spread;8··˘/····
Even while I speak, their skirts of grey9/˘·······
Are smitten by a silver ray;8·/˘··/˘·
And lo!--up Castrigg's naked steep9·····/˘˘·
(Where, smoothly urged, the vapours sweep9·/˘·˘·/˘·
Along--and scatter and divide,8˘/·/˘·˘/
Like fleecy clouds self-multiplied)8·/˘··/˘·
The stately waggon is ascending,9·/˘···˘/˘
With faithful Benjamin attending,9·/˘/˘˘˘/˘
Apparent now beside his team--8˘/˘·˘/··
Now lost amid a glittering steam:9··˘/·/˘˘·
And with him goes his Sailor-friend,8·····/˘·
By this time near their journey's end;8·····/˘·
And, after their high-minded riot,9·····/˘/˘
Sickening into thoughtful quiet;9/˘˘··/˘/˘
As if the morning's pleasant hour,9···/˘/˘/˘
Had for their joys a killing power.9·····/˘/˘
And, sooth, for Benjamin a vein8···/˘˘··
Is opened of still deeper pain,9·/˘˘··/˘·
As if his heart by notes were stung8········
From out the lowly hedge-rows flung;8···/˘···
As if the warbler lost in light8···/˘···
Reproved his soarings of the night,9··˘·/˘···
In strains of rapture pure and holy9···/˘··/˘
Upbraided his distempered folly.10˘/˘·˘/˘˘/˘
Drooping is he, his step is dull;8/˘······
But the horses stretch and pull;7··/˘···
With increasing vigour climb,7·˘/˘/˘·
Eager to repair lost time;7/˘·˘/··
Whether, by their own desert,7·····/˘
Knowing what cause there is for shame,8/˘······
They are labouring to avert8··/˘˘·˘/
As much as may be of the blame,8········
Which, they foresee, must soon alight8··˘/··˘/
Upon his head, whom, in despite8······˘/
Of all his failings, they love best;8···/˘···
Whether for him they are distrest,8········
Or, by length of fasting roused,7····/˘·
Are impatient to be housed:7·˘/˘···
Up against the hill they strain7·······
Tugging at the iron chain,7/˘··/˘·
Tugging all with might and main,7/˘·····
Last and foremost, every horse8··/·/˘˘·
To the utmost of his force!7··/····
And the smoke and respiration,8·····˘/˘
Rising like an exhalation,8/˘···˘/˘
Blend with the mist--a moving shroud8·····/˘·
To form, an undissolving cloud;8········
Which, with slant ray, the merry sun8·····/˘·
Takes delight to play upon.7·˘/····
Never golden-haired Apollo,9/˘/˘·˘˘/˘
Pleased some favourite chief to follow10·˘······/˘
Through accidents of peace or war,8·/˘˘····
In a perilous moment threw8··/˘˘/˘·
Around the object of his care8···/˘···
Veil of such celestial hue;7···˘/˘·
Interposed so bright a screen--7·˘/····
Him and his enemies between!8···/˘˘··
Alas! what boots it?--who can hide,8˘/······
When the malicious Fates are bent8··˘/˘···
On working out an ill intent?8·/˘···˘/
Can destiny be turned aside?9·/˘˘··˘˘/
No--sad progress of my story!8··/···/˘
Benjamin, this outward glory8/˘˘·/˘/˘
Cannot shield thee from thy Master,8/˘····/˘
Who from Keswick has pricked forth,7··/····
Sour and surly as the north;8/˘·/˘···
And, in fear of some disaster,8·····˘/˘
Comes to give what help he may,7·······
And to hear what thou canst say;7·······
If, as needs he must forebode,7·····˘/
Thou hast been loitering on the road!9···/˘˘···
His fears, his doubts, may now take flight--8········
The wished-for object is in sight;9··˘·˘/···
Yet, trust the Muse, it rather hath8·····/˘·
Stirred him up to livelier wrath;9·˘···/˘˘·
Which he stifles, moody man!7··/˘/˘·
With all the patience that he can;8···/˘···
To the end that, at your meeting,8······/˘
He may give thee decent greeting.8····/˘/˘
There he is--resolved to stop,7···˘/··
Till the waggon gains the top;7·······
But stop he cannot--must advance:8···/˘·˘/
Him Benjamin, with lucky glance,8·/˘˘·/˘·
Espies--and instantly is ready,9/˘·/˘˘·/˘
Self-collected, poised, and steady:9·˘/˘·˘·/˘
And, to be the better seen,7····/˘·
Issues from his radiant shroud,8/˘··/˘˘·
From his close-attending cloud,7···˘/˘·
With careless air and open mien.8·/˘··/˘·
Erect his port, and firm his going;9˘/·····/˘
So struts yon cock that now is crowing;9·······/˘
And the morning light in grace7··/˘···
Strikes upon his lifted face,7····/˘·
Hurrying the pallid hue away9/˘˘·/˘·˘/
That might his trespasses betray.8···/·˘˘/
But what can all avail to clear him,9····˘/···
Or what need of explanation,8·····˘/˘
Parley or interrogation?8/˘·˘·˘/˘
For the Master sees, alas!7··/˘·˘/
That unhappy Figure near him,8·˘/˘/˘··
Limping o'er the dewy grass,7/˘··/˘·
Where the road it fringes, sweet,7····/˘·
Soft and cool to way-worn feet;7·······
And, O indignity! an Ass,8··˘/˘˘··
By his noble Mastiffs side,7··/˘/˘·
Tethered to the waggon's tail:7/˘·····
And the ship, in all her pride,7·······
Following after in full sail!8/˘˘·····
Not to speak of babe and mother;8······/˘
Who, contented with each other,8·˘/˘··/˘
And snug as birds in leafy arbour,9·····/˘/˘
Find, within, a blessed harbour!7·····/˘
With eager eyes the Master pries;8·/˘··/˘·
Looks in and out, and through and through;8········
Says nothing--till at last he spies8·/˘·····
A wound upon the Mastiff's head,8·····/˘·
A wound, where plainly might be read8···/˘···
What feats an Ass's hoof can do!8···/˘···
But drop the rest:--this aggravation,9······˘/˘
This complicated provocation,9·/˘·˘·˘/˘
A hoard of grievances unsealed;9···/˘˘˘/˘
All past forgiveness it repealed;9··˘/˘·˘/˘
And thus, and through distempered blood9····˘/˘˘·
On both sides, Benjamin the good,8···/˘˘··
The patient, and the tender-hearted,9·/˘··/˘/˘
Was from his team and waggon parted;9·······/˘
When duty of that day was o'er,8·/˘·····
Laid down his whip--and served no more.--9······˘··
Nor could the waggon long survive,8······˘/
Which Benjamin had ceased to drive:9·/˘˘··˘··
It lingered on;--guide after guide9·/˘˘·····
Ambitiously the office tried;8˘/˘˘·/˘·
But each unmanageable hill8··˘/˘˘˘·
Called for his patience and his skill;--9·˘··/˘···
And sure it is, that through this night,8········
And what the morning brought to light,8···/˘···
Two losses had we to sustain,8·/˘···˘/
We lost both WAGGONER and WAIN!8···/˘˘··
Accept, O Friend, for praise or blame,8˘/······
The gift of this adventurous song;9····˘/˘˘·
A record which I dared to frame,9·/˘···˘··
Though timid scruples checked me long;9·/˘/˘·˘··
They checked me--and I left the theme9··˘······
Untouched;--in spite of many a gleam10˘/˘···/˘··
Of fancy which thereon was shed,8·/˘·˘/··
Like pleasant sunbeams shifting still8·/˘/·/˘·
Upon the side of a distant hill:9······/˘·
But Nature might not be gainsaid;8·/˘·····
For what I have and what I miss8········
I sing of these;--it makes my bliss!8········
Nor is it I who play the part,8········
But a shy spirit in my heart,8···/˘···
That comes and goes--will sometimes leap8·····˘/·
From hiding-places ten years deep;8·/˘/˘···
Or haunts me with familiar face,8····˘/˘·
Returning, like a ghost unlaid,8˘/˘···˘/
Until the debt I owe be paid.8········
Forgive me, then; for I had been8˘/······
On friendly terms with this Machine:8·/˘···˘/
In him, while he was wont to trace8········
Our roads, through many a long year's space,10/˘··/˘····
A living almanack had we;8·/˘·····
We had a speaking diary,8···/˘/˘˘
That in this uneventful place,8····˘/˘·
Gave to the days a mark and name8········
By which we knew them when they came.8········
--Yes, I, and all about me here,8········
Through all the changes of the year,8···/˘···
Had seen him through the mountains go,8·····/˘·
In pomp of mist or pomp of snow,8········
Majestically huge and slow:8˘/˘˘˘···
Or, with a milder grace adorning9···/˘·˘/˘
The landscape of a summer's morning;9·/···/˘/˘
While Grasmere smoothed her liquid plain10·······/˘·
The moving image to detain;8·/˘/˘·˘/
And mighty Fairfield, with a chime8·/˘/····
Of echoes, to his march kept time;8·/˘·····
When little other business stirred,9·/˘/˘/˘·˘
And little other sound was heard;8·/˘/˘···
In that delicious hour of balm,9··˘/˘/˘··
Stillness, solitude, and calm,7/˘/˘···
While yet the valley is arrayed,9···/˘·˘/˘
On this side with a sober shade;8·····/˘·
On that is prodigally bright--8···/˘˘˘·
Crag, lawn, and wood--with rosy light.8·····/˘·
--But most of all, thou lordly Wain!8·····/˘·
I wish to have thee here again,8······˘/
When windows flap and chimney roars,8·/˘··/˘·
And all is dismal out of doors;8···/˘···
And, sitting by my fire, I see9·/˘··/˘··
Eight sorry carts, no less a train!8·/˘·····
Unworthy successors of thee,8˘/˘˘/˘··
Come straggling through the wind and rain:9·/˘˘·····
And oft, as they pass slowly on,8·····/˘·
Beneath my windows, one by one,8···/˘···
See, perched upon the naked height10··˘···/˘˘·
The summit of a cumbrous freight,8·/˘··/˘·
A single traveller--and there8·/˘/˘˘··
Another; then perhaps a pair--8˘/˘·˘/··
The lame, the sickly, and the old;8···/˘···
Men, women, heartless with the cold;8·/˘/˘···
And babes in wet and starveling plight;8·····/˘·
Which once, be weather as it might,8···/˘···
Had still a nest within a nest,8········
Thy shelter--and their mother's breast!8·/˘··/˘·
Then most of all, then far the most,8········
Do I regret what we have lost;8··˘/····
Am grieved for that unhappy sin9··˘··˘/˘·
Which robbed us of good Benjamin;--9··˘···/˘˘
And of his stately Charge, which none8···/˘···
Could keep alive when He was gone!8··˘/····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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