Address to My Infant Daughter, Dora

William Wordsworth (1770–1850) · 1802–1815

iambic pentameter · 78 lines · from The Prelude, and Other Poems

--Hast thou then survived--Mild Offspring of infirm humanity,Meek Infant! among all forlornest thingsThe most forlorn--one life of that bright star,The second glory of the Heavens?--Thou hast;Already hast survived that great decay,That transformation through the wide earth felt,And by all nations. In that Being's sightFrom whom the Race of human kind proceed,A thousand years are but as yesterday;And one day's narrow circuit is to HimNot less capacious than a thousand years.But what is time? What outward glory? neitherA measure is of Thee, whose claims extendThrough "heaven's eternal year." --Yet hail to Thee,Frail, feeble, Monthling!--by that name, methinks,Thy scanty breathing-time is portioned outNot idly.--Hadst thou been of Indian birth,Couched on a casual bed of moss and leaves,And rudely canopied by leafy boughs,Or to the churlish elements exposedOn the blank plains,--the coldness of the night,Or the night's darkness, or its cheerful faceOf beauty, by the changing moon adorned,Would, with imperious admonition, thenHave scored thine age, and punctually timedThine infant history, on the minds of thoseWho might have wandered with thee.--Mother's love,Nor less than mother's love in other breasts,Will, among us warm-clad and warmly housed,Do for thee what the finger of the heavensDoth all too often harshly executeFor thy unblest coevals, amid wildsWhere fancy hath small liberty to graceThe affections, to exalt them or refine;And the maternal sympathy itself,Though strong, is, in the main, a joyless tieOf naked instinct, wound about the heart.Happier, far happier is thy lot and ours!Even now--to solemnise thy helpless state,And to enliven in the mind's regardThy passive beauty--parallels have risen,Resemblances, or contrasts, that connect,Within the region of a father's thoughts,Thee and thy mate and sister of the sky.And first;--thy sinless progress, through a worldBy sorrow darkened and by care disturbed,Apt likeness bears to hers, through gathered clouds,Moving untouched in silver purity,And cheering oft-times their reluctant gloom.Fair are ye both, and both are free from stain:But thou, how leisurely thou fill'st thy hornWith brightness! leaving her to post along,And range about, disquieted in change,And still impatient of the shape she wears.Once up, once down the hill, one journey, BabeThat will suffice thee; and it seems that nowThou hast fore-knowledge that such task is thine;Thou travellest so contentedly, and sleep'stIn such a heedless peace. Alas! full soonHath this conception, grateful to behold,Changed countenance, like an object sullied o'erBy breathing mist; and thine appears to beA mournful labour, while to her is givenHope, and a renovation without end.--That smile forbids the thought; for on thy faceSmiles are beginning, like the beams of dawn,To shoot and circulate; smiles have there been seen;Tranquil assurances that Heaven supportsThe feeble motions of thy life, and cheersThy loneliness: or shall those smiles be calledFeelers of love, put forth as if to exploreThis untried world, and to prepare thy wayThrough a strait passage intricate and dim?Such are they; and the same are tokens, signs,Which, when the appointed season hath arrived,Joy, as her holiest language, shall adopt;And Reason's godlike Power be proud to own.

Words in this poem 20
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
forlorn a.
Deserted abandoned; lost. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlor]
monthling n.
That which is a month old, or which lives for a month.
methinks v.
It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]
imperious a.
Commanding; ascendant; imperial; lordly; majestic. [L. imperiosus: cf. F. impérieux. See Imperial.]
punctually adv.
In a punctual manner; promptly; exactly.
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
warmly adv.
In a warm manner; ardently.
unblest a.
Not blest; excluded from benediction; hence, accursed; wretched. [Pref. un- not + blessed, blest.]
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
maternal a.
Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly; as, maternal love; maternal tenderness. [F. maternel, L. maternus, fr. mater mother. See Mother.]
joyless a.
Not having joy; not causing joy; unenjoyable.
solemnise v. t.
To perform with solemn or ritual ceremonies, or according to legal forms. [Cf. F. solemniser, sollemniser.]
sinless a.
Free from sin. Piers Plowman.
babe n.
An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
suffice v. i.
To be enough, or sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end proposed; to be adequate. [OE. suffisen, OF. soufire, F. suffire (cf. suffisant, p.pr.), L. sufficere to put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; sub under + facere to make. Se]
renovation n.
The act or process of renovating; the state of being renovated or renewed. Thomson. [L.renovatio: cf. F. rénovation.]
loneliness n.
The condition of being lonely; solitude; seclusion.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
explore v. t.
To seek for or after; to strive to attain by search; to look wisely and carefully for. [L. explorare to explore; ex out+plorare to cry out aloud,prob. orig., to cause to flow; perh. akin to E. flow: cf. F. explorer.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Address to My Infant Daughter, Dora is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 3 (of 8), Project Gutenberg ebook #12383; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Wordsworth, Address to My Infant Daughter, Dora, in The Prelude, and Other Poems (1802–1815), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12383, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wordsworth-vol3/address-to-my-infant-daughter-dora.html, id L25594.

Form and metre

Address to My Infant Daughter, Dora is 78 lines in a single stanza. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -----A---A-------------------------------------------------B---B--BB---------- survived · humanity · things · star · hast · decayA · felt · sight · proceed · yesterdayA · him · years · neither · extend · thee · methinks · out · birth · leaves · boughs · exposed · night · face · adorned · then · timed · those · love · breasts · housed · heavens · execute · wilds · grace · refine · itself · tie · heart · ours · state · regard · risen · connect · thoughts · sky · world · disturbed · clouds · purity · gloom · stain · horn · along · change · wears · babe · now · thine · sleep'st · soonB · behold · o'er · be · givenB · end · face · dawnB · seenB · supports · cheers · called · explore · way · dim · signs · arrived · adopt · own
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
--Hast thou then survived--5···˘/
Mild Offspring of infirm humanity,10·/··˘/˘/˘˘
Meek Infant! among all forlornest things10·/˘···˘/˘·
The most forlorn--one life of that bright star,10··˘/······
The second glory of the Heavens?--Thou hast;11·/˘/˘··/˘··
Already hast survived that great decay,10˘/˘·˘/··˘/
That transformation through the wide earth felt,10··˘/˘·····
And by all nations. In that Being's sight10···/˘··/˘·
From whom the Race of human kind proceed,10·····/˘·˘/
A thousand years are but as yesterday;10·/˘····/˘·
And one day's narrow circuit is to Him10···/˘/˘···
Not less capacious than a thousand years.10··˘/˘··/˘·
But what is time? What outward glory? neither11·····/˘/˘/˘
A measure is of Thee, whose claims extend10·/˘·····˘/
Through "heaven's eternal year." --Yet hail to Thee,11·/˘˘/˘·····
Frail, feeble, Monthling!--by that name, methinks,10·/˘/˘···˘/
Thy scanty breathing-time is portioned out10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Not idly.--Hadst thou been of Indian birth,10·/˘····/˘·
Couched on a casual bed of moss and leaves,10···/˘·····
And rudely canopied by leafy boughs,9·/˘···/˘·
Or to the churlish elements exposed10···/˘/˘˘˘/
On the blank plains,--the coldness of the night,10·····/˘···
Or the night's darkness, or its cheerful face10···/˘··/˘·
Of beauty, by the changing moon adorned,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Would, with imperious admonition, then10··˘/˘·˘/˘·
Have scored thine age, and punctually timed10·····/˘˘˘·
Thine infant history, on the minds of those10·/˘/˘·····
Who might have wandered with thee.--Mother's love,10···/˘··/˘·
Nor less than mother's love in other breasts,10···/˘··/˘·
Will, among us warm-clad and warmly housed,10·······/˘·
Do for thee what the finger of the heavens11·····/˘··/˘
Doth all too often harshly execute10···/˘/˘/˘·
For thy unblest coevals, amid wilds9······˘/·
Where fancy hath small liberty to grace10·/˘··/˘˘··
The affections, to exalt them or refine;11·˘/˘·˘/··˘/
And the maternal sympathy itself,10··˘/˘/˘˘˘/
Though strong, is, in the main, a joyless tie10·······/˘·
Of naked instinct, wound about the heart.10·/˘/˘·····
Happier, far happier is thy lot and ours!11/˘·/˘····/˘
Even now--to solemnise thy helpless state,10/······/˘·
And to enliven in the mind's regard10··˘/˘···˘/
Thy passive beauty--parallels have risen,11·/˘/˘/˘··/˘
Resemblances, or contrasts, that connect,10˘/˘˘·/˘·˘/
Within the region of a father's thoughts,10···/˘··/˘·
Thee and thy mate and sister of the sky.10·····/˘···
And first;--thy sinless progress, through a world10···/˘/····
By sorrow darkened and by care disturbed,10·/˘/˘···˘/
Apt likeness bears to hers, through gathered clouds,10·/˘····/˘·
Moving untouched in silver purity,10/˘˘/·/˘/˘˘
And cheering oft-times their reluctant gloom.10·/˘···˘/˘·
Fair are ye both, and both are free from stain:10··········
But thou, how leisurely thou fill'st thy horn10···/˘˘····
With brightness! leaving her to post along,10·/˘/˘···˘/
And range about, disquieted in change,10····˘/˘˘··
And still impatient of the shape she wears.10··˘/˘·····
Once up, once down the hill, one journey, Babe10·······/˘·
That will suffice thee; and it seems that now10··˘/······
Thou hast fore-knowledge that such task is thine;10···/˘·····
Thou travellest so contentedly, and sleep'st10·/˘·˘/˘˘··
In such a heedless peace. Alas! full soon10···/˘·˘/··
Hath this conception, grateful to behold,10··˘/˘/˘·˘/
Changed countenance, like an object sullied o'er10·/˘··/˘/˘·
By breathing mist; and thine appears to be10·/˘···˘/··
A mournful labour, while to her is given11·/˘/·····/˘
Hope, and a renovation without end.10····˘/˘···
--That smile forbids the thought; for on thy face10··˘/······
Smiles are beginning, like the beams of dawn,10··˘/˘·····
To shoot and circulate; smiles have there been seen;11···/˘······
Tranquil assurances that Heaven supports10/˘˘/˘˘·/˘/
The feeble motions of thy life, and cheers10·/˘/˘·····
Thy loneliness: or shall those smiles be called10·/˘˘······
Feelers of love, put forth as if to explore11/˘·······˘/
This untried world, and to prepare thy way10·˘/···˘/··
Through a strait passage intricate and dim?10···/˘/˘˘··
Such are they; and the same are tokens, signs,10·······/˘·
Which, when the appointed season hath arrived,11···˘/˘/˘·˘/
Joy, as her holiest language, shall adopt;10···/˘/˘·˘/
And Reason's godlike Power be proud to own.10·/˘/˘/····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by William Wordsworth