Sub-Footnotes on the Text

William Wordsworth (1770–1850) · 1798–1807

iambic pentameter · unrhymed · 162 lines · from The Poetical Works, Volume II

Five years have past; five summers, with the lengthOf five long winters! and again I hearThese waters, rolling from their mountain-springsWith a soft inland murmur. --Once againDo I behold these steep and lofty cliffs,That on a wild secluded scene impressThoughts of more deep seclusion; and connectThe landscape with the quiet of the sky.The day is come when I again reposeHere, under this dark sycamore, and viewThese plots of cottage-ground, these orchard-tufts,Which at this season, with their unripe fruits,Are clad in one green hue, and lose themselves'Mid groves and copses. Once again I seeThese hedge-rows, hardly hedge-rows, little linesOf sportive wood run wild: these pastoral farms,Green to the very door; and wreaths of smokeSent up, in silence, from among the trees!With some uncertain notice, as might seemOf vagrant dwellers in the houseless woods,Or of some Hermit's cave, where by his fireThe Hermit sits alone.These beauteous forms,Through a long absence, have not been to meAs is a landscape to a blind man's eye:But oft, in lonely rooms, and 'mid the dinOf towns and cities, I have owed to them,In hours of weariness, sensations sweet,Felt in the blood, and felt along the heart;And passing even into my purer mind,With tranquil restoration:--feelings tooOf unremembered pleasure: such, perhaps,As have no slight or trivial influenceOn that best portion of a good man's life,His little, nameless, unremembered, actsOf kindness and of love. Nor less, I trust,To them I may have owed another gift,Of aspect more sublime; that blessed mood,In which the burthen of the mystery,In which the heavy and the weary weightOf all this unintelligible world,Is lightened:--that serene and blessed mood,In which the affections gently lead us on,--Until, the breath of this corporeal frameAnd even the motion of our human bloodAlmost suspended, we are laid asleepIn body, and become a living soul:While with an eye made quiet by the powerOf harmony, and the deep power of joy,We see into the life of things.If thisBe but a vain belief, yet, oh! how oft--In darkness and amid the many shapesOf joyless daylight; when the fretful stirUnprofitable, and the fever of the world,Have hung upon the beatings of my heart--How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee,O sylvan Wye! thou wanderer thro' the woods,How often has my spirit turned to thee!And now, with gleams of half-extinguished thought,With many recognitions dim and faint,And somewhat of a sad perplexity,The picture of the mind revives again:While here I stand, not only with the senseOf present pleasure, but with pleasing thoughtsThat in this moment there is life and foodFor future years. And so I dare to hope,Though changed, no doubt, from what I was when firstI came among these hills; when like a roeI bounded o'er the mountains, by the sidesOf the deep rivers, and the lonely streams,Wherever nature led: more like a manFlying from something that he dreads, than oneWho sought the thing he loved. For nature then(The coarser pleasures of my boyish days,And their glad animal movements all gone by)To me was all in all.--I cannot paintWhat then I was. The sounding cataractHaunted me like a passion: the tall rock,The mountain, and the deep and gloomy wood,Their colours and their forms, were then to meAn appetite; a feeling and a love,That had no need of a remoter charm,By thought supplied, nor any interestUnborrowed from the eye.--That time is past,And all its aching joys are now no more,And all its dizzy raptures. Not for thisFaint I, nor mourn nor murmur; other giftsHave followed; for such loss, I would believe,Abundant recompence. For I have learnedTo look on nature, not as in the hourOf thoughtless youth; but hearing oftentimesThe still, sad music of humanity,Nor harsh nor grating, though of ample powerTo chasten and subdue. And I have feltA presence that disturbs me with the joyOf elevated thoughts; a sense sublimeOf something far more deeply interfused,Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns,And the round ocean and the living air,And the blue sky, and in the mind of man:A motion and a spirit, that impelsAll thinking things, all objects of all thought,And rolls through all things. Therefore am I stillA lover of the meadows and the woods,And mountains; and of all that we beholdFrom this green earth; of all the mighty worldOf eye, and ear,--both what they half create,And what perceive; well pleased to recogniseIn nature and the language of the sense,The anchor of my purest thoughts, the nurse,The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soulOf all my moral being.Nor perchance,If I were not thus taught, should I the moreSuffer my genial spirits to decay:For thou art with me here upon the banksOf this fair river; thou my dearest Friend,My dear, dear Friend; and in thy voice I catchThe language of my former heart, and readMy former pleasures in the shooting lightsOf thy wild eyes, Oh! yet a little whileMay I behold in thee what I was once,My dear, dear Sister! and this prayer I make,Knowing that Nature never did betrayThe heart that loved her; 'tis her privilege,Through all the years of this our life, to leadFrom joy to joy: for she can so informThe mind that is within us, so impressWith quietness and beauty, and so feedWith lofty thoughts, that neither evil tongues,Rash judgments, nor the sneers of selfish men,Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor allThe dreary intercourse of daily life,Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturbOur cheerful faith, that all which we beholdIs full of blessings. Therefore let the moonShine on thee in thy solitary walk;And let the misty mountain-winds be freeTo blow against thee: and, in after years,When these wild ecstasies shall be maturedInto a sober pleasure; when thy mindShall be a mansion for all lovely forms,Thy memory be as a dwelling-placeFor all sweet sounds and harmonies; oh! then,If solitude, or fear, or pain, or grief,Should be thy portion, with what healing thoughtsOf tender joy wilt thou remember me,And these my exhortations! Nor, perchance--If I should be where I no more can hearThy voice, nor catch from thy wild eyes these gleamsOf past existence --wilt thou then forgetThat on the banks of this delightful streamWe stood together; and that I, so longA worshipper of Nature, hither cameUnwearied in that service: rather sayWith warmer love--oh! with far deeper zealOf holier love. Nor wilt thou then forget,That after many wanderings, many yearsOf absence, these steep woods and lofty cliffs,And this green pastoral landscape, were to meMore dear, both for themselves and for thy sake!

Words in this poem 20
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
houseless a.
Destitute of the shelter of a house; shelterless; homeless; as, a houseless wanderer.
beauteous a.
Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] -- Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
trivial a.
Found anywhere; common. [L. trivialis, properly, that is in, or belongs to, the crossroads or public streets; hence, that may be found everywhere, common, fr. trivium a place where thre]
nameless a.
Without a name; not having been given a name; as, a nameless star.
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
joyless a.
Not having joy; not causing joy; unenjoyable.
daylight n.
The light of day as opposed to the darkness of night; the light of the sun, as opposed to that of the moon or to artificial light.
wherever adv.
At or in whatever place; wheresoever.
boyish a.
Resembling a boy in a manners or opinions; belonging to a boy; childish; trifling; puerile.
haunted a.
Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions; frequented by a ghost.
unborrowed a.
Not borrowed; being one's own; native; original.
aching a.
That aches; continuously painful. See Ache.
oftentimes adv.
Frequently; often; many times. [Often + time. Cf. -wards.]
recognise v. t.
To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of. [From Recognizance; see Cognition, and cf. Reconnoiter.]
genial a.
Contributing to, or concerned in, propagation or production; generative; procreative; productive. [L. genialis: cf. OF. genial. See Genius.]
dreary a.
Sorrowful; distressful. [OE. dreori, dreri, AS. dreórig, sad; akin to G. traurig, and prob. to AS. dreósan to fall, Goth. driusan. Cf. Dross, Drear, Drizzle, Drowse.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
mansion n.
A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Men]
unwearied a.
Not wearied; not fatigued or tired; hence, persistent; not tiring or wearying; indefatigable.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Sub-Footnotes on the Text is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 2 (of 8), Project Gutenberg ebook #12145; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Wordsworth, Sub-Footnotes on the Text, in The Poetical Works, Volume II (1798–1807), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12145, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wordsworth-vol2/sub-footnotes-on-the-text.html, id L17287.

Form and metre

Sub-Footnotes on the Text is 162 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.7 syllables. 8 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 52% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -----------------------AA----------------------------------------------------------BB-----C--C-------------------------------------------------------------------- length · hear · springs · again · cliffs · impress · connect · sky · repose · view · tufts · fruits · themselves · see · lines · farms · smoke · trees · seem · woods · fire · alone · forms · meA · eyeA · din · them · sweet · heart · mind · too · perhaps · influence · life · acts · trust · gift · mood · mystery · weight · world · mood · on · frame · blood · asleep · soul · power · joy · things · this · oft · shapes · stir · world · heart · thee · woods · thee · thought · faint · perplexity · again · sense · thoughts · food · hope · first · roe · sides · streams · man · one · then · days · by · paint · cataract · rock · wood · me · love · charm · interestB · pastB · more · this · gifts · believe · learned · hourC · oftentimes · humanity · powerC · felt · joy · sublime · interfused · suns · air · man · impels · thought · still · woods · behold · world · create · recognise · sense · nurse · soul · being · perchance · more · decay · banks · friend · catch · read · lights · while · once · make · betray · privilege · lead · inform · impress · feed · tongues · men · all · life · disturb · behold · moon · walk · free · years · matured · mind · forms · place · then · grief · thoughts · me · perchance · hear · gleams · forget · stream · long · came · say · zeal · forget · years · cliffs · me · sake
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Five years have past; five summers, with the length10·····/˘···
Of five long winters! and again I hear10···/˘·˘/··
These waters, rolling from their mountain-springs10·/˘/˘··/˘·
With a soft inland murmur. --Once again10···/·/˘·˘/
Do I behold these steep and lofty cliffs,10··˘/···/˘·
That on a wild secluded scene impress10····˘/˘·˘/
Thoughts of more deep seclusion; and connect10····˘/˘·˘/
The landscape with the quiet of the sky.9·/···/···
The day is come when I again repose10······˘/˘/
Here, under this dark sycamore, and view10·····/˘···
These plots of cottage-ground, these orchard-tufts,10···/˘··/˘·
Which at this season, with their unripe fruits,10···/˘··˘/·
Are clad in one green hue, and lose themselves10········˘/
'Mid groves and copses. Once again I see10···/˘·˘/··
These hedge-rows, hardly hedge-rows, little lines10···/˘··/˘·
Of sportive wood run wild: these pastoral farms,10·/˘····/˘·
Green to the very door; and wreaths of smoke10···/˘·····
Sent up, in silence, from among the trees!10···/˘·····
With some uncertain notice, as might seem10··˘/˘/˘···
Of vagrant dwellers in the houseless woods,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Or of some Hermit's cave, where by his fire10···/˘····/
The Hermit sits alone.6·/˘·˘/
These beauteous forms,5·/˘˘·
Through a long absence, have not been to me10···/˘·····
As is a landscape to a blind man's eye:10···/······
But oft, in lonely rooms, and 'mid the din10···/˘·····
Of towns and cities, I have owed to them,10···/˘·····
In hours of weariness, sensations sweet,9·/·/˘˘/˘·
Felt in the blood, and felt along the heart;10······˘/··
And passing even into my purer mind,10·/˘/···/˘·
With tranquil restoration:--feelings too10·/˘·˘/˘/˘·
Of unremembered pleasure: such, perhaps,10·····/˘·˘/
As have no slight or trivial influence9·····/˘/˘
On that best portion of a good man's life,10···/˘·····
His little, nameless, unremembered, acts10·/˘/˘·····
Of kindness and of love. Nor less, I trust,10·/˘·······
To them I may have owed another gift,10······˘/˘·
Of aspect more sublime; that blessed mood,9·/··˘/···
In which the burthen of the mystery,9···/˘··/˘
In which the heavy and the weary weight10···/˘··/˘·
Of all this unintelligible world,8····˘/˘·
Is lightened:--that serene and blessed mood,9·/˘·˘/···
In which the affections gently lead us on,--11···˘/˘/˘···
Until, the breath of this corporeal frame11······˘/˘˘·
And even the motion of our human blood10·/·/˘·//˘·
Almost suspended, we are laid asleep10/·˘/˘···˘/
In body, and become a living soul:10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
While with an eye made quiet by the power9·····/··/
Of harmony, and the deep power of joy,9·/˘···/··
We see into the life of things.8········
If this2··
Be but a vain belief, yet, oh! how oft--10····˘/····
In darkness and amid the many shapes9·/˘·˘/·/·
Of joyless daylight; when the fretful stir10·/˘/···/˘·
Unprofitable, and the fever of the world,10˘/˘··/˘···
Have hung upon the beatings of my heart--10·····/˘···
How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee,9···/·····
O sylvan Wye! thou wanderer thro' the woods,10·/˘··/˘···
How often has my spirit turned to thee!9·/˘··/···
And now, with gleams of half-extinguished thought,10······˘/˘·
With many recognitions dim and faint,9·/·˘/˘···
And somewhat of a sad perplexity,9·//···˘/˘
The picture of the mind revives again:10·/˘···˘/˘/
While here I stand, not only with the sense10·····/˘···
Of present pleasure, but with pleasing thoughts10·/˘/˘··/˘·
That in this moment there is life and food10···/˘·····
For future years. And so I dare to hope,10·/˘·······
Though changed, no doubt, from what I was when first10··········
I came among these hills; when like a roe10··········
I bounded o'er the mountains, by the sides10·/˘··/˘···
Of the deep rivers, and the lonely streams,10···/˘··/˘·
Wherever nature led: more like a man10˘/˘/˘·····
Flying from something that he dreads, than one10/˘·/˘·····
Who sought the thing he loved. For nature then10·······/˘·
(The coarser pleasures of my boyish days,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And their glad animal movements all gone by)10···/˘/˘···
To me was all in all.--I cannot paint10·······/˘·
What then I was. The sounding cataract9·····/˘/˘
Haunted me like a passion: the tall rock,10/˘···/˘···
The mountain, and the deep and gloomy wood,10·/˘····/˘·
Their colours and their forms, were then to me10·/˘·······
An appetite; a feeling and a love,10·/˘··/˘···
That had no need of a remoter charm,10··········
By thought supplied, nor any interest9··˘/·/˘/˘
Unborrowed from the eye.--That time is past,10˘/˘·······
And all its aching joys are now no more,10···/˘·····
And all its dizzy raptures. Not for this10···/˘/˘···
Faint I, nor mourn nor murmur; other gifts10·····/˘/˘·
Have followed; for such loss, I would believe,10·/˘·····˘/
Abundant recompence. For I have learned10˘/˘·······
To look on nature, not as in the hour10···/˘····/
Of thoughtless youth; but hearing oftentimes10·/˘··/˘/˘·
The still, sad music of humanity,9···/˘·˘/˘
Nor harsh nor grating, though of ample power10···/˘··/˘/
To chasten and subdue. And I have felt10·/˘·˘/····
A presence that disturbs me with the joy10·/˘·˘/····
Of elevated thoughts; a sense sublime10·/˘·˘···˘/
Of something far more deeply interfused,10·/˘··/˘···
Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns,10·/˘····/˘·
And the round ocean and the living air,9···/··/˘·
And the blue sky, and in the mind of man:10··········
A motion and a spirit, that impels9·/˘··/·˘/
All thinking things, all objects of all thought,10·/˘··/˘···
And rolls through all things. Therefore am I still10··········
A lover of the meadows and the woods,10·/˘··/····
And mountains; and of all that we behold10·/˘·····˘/
From this green earth; of all the mighty world10·······/˘·
Of eye, and ear,--both what they half create,10········˘/
And what perceive; well pleased to recognise10··˘/···/˘·
In nature and the language of the sense,10·/˘··/˘···
The anchor of my purest thoughts, the nurse,10·/˘··/˘···
The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul10···/˘·····
Of all my moral being.7···/˘/˘
Nor perchance,3·˘/
If I were not thus taught, should I the more10··········
Suffer my genial spirits to decay:10/˘·/˘/˘·˘/
For thou art with me here upon the banks10··········
Of this fair river; thou my dearest Friend,10···/˘··/˘·
My dear, dear Friend; and in thy voice I catch10··········
The language of my former heart, and read10·/˘··/˘···
My former pleasures in the shooting lights10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Of thy wild eyes, Oh! yet a little while10·······/˘·
May I behold in thee what I was once,10··˘/······
My dear, dear Sister! and this prayer I make,10···/˘·····
Knowing that Nature never did betray8/·/˘/·˘/
The heart that loved her; 'tis her privilege,9·······/˘
Through all the years of this our life, to lead10······/···
From joy to joy: for she can so inform10········˘/
The mind that is within us, so impress10········˘/
With quietness and beauty, and so feed9·/˘·/˘···
With lofty thoughts, that neither evil tongues,9·/˘··/˘/·
Rash judgments, nor the sneers of selfish men,10·/˘····/˘·
Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor all10·/˘··/˘···
The dreary intercourse of daily life,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturb10··˘/····˘/
Our cheerful faith, that all which we behold10//˘·····˘/
Is full of blessings. Therefore let the moon10···/˘·····
Shine on thee in thy solitary walk;10·····/˘·˘·
And let the misty mountain-winds be free10···/˘/˘···
To blow against thee: and, in after years,10··········
When these wild ecstasies shall be matured9···/˘··˘/
Into a sober pleasure; when thy mind10···/˘/˘···
Shall be a mansion for all lovely forms,10···/˘··/˘·
Thy memory be as a dwelling-place9·/˘···/˘·
For all sweet sounds and harmonies; oh! then,9·····/˘··
If solitude, or fear, or pain, or grief,10·/˘·······
Should be thy portion, with what healing thoughts10···/˘··/˘·
Of tender joy wilt thou remember me,10·/˘···˘/˘·
And these my exhortations! Nor, perchance--10·····/˘·˘/
If I should be where I no more can hear10··········
Thy voice, nor catch from thy wild eyes these gleams10··········
Of past existence --wilt thou then forget10··˘/˘···˘/
That on the banks of this delightful stream10······˘/˘·
We stood together; and that I, so long10··˘/˘·····
A worshipper of Nature, hither came10·····/˘/˘·
Unwearied in that service: rather say10˘/˘··/˘/˘·
With warmer love--oh! with far deeper zeal10·/˘····/˘·
Of holier love. Nor wilt thou then forget,10·/˘·····˘/
That after many wanderings, many years8···//˘/·
Of absence, these steep woods and lofty cliffs,10·/˘····/˘·
And this green pastoral landscape, were to me10···/˘/····
More dear, both for themselves and for thy sake!10····˘/····

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