Part IV
There is no chapel on the dayOn which they hang a man:The Chaplain's heart is far too sick,Or his face is far too wan,Or there is that written in his eyesWhich none should look upon.
So they kept us close till nigh on noon,And then they rang the bell,And the warders with their jingling keysOpened each listening cell,And down the iron stair we tramped,Each from his separate Hell.
Out into God's sweet air we went,But not in wonted way,For this man's face was white with fear,And that man's face was gray,And I never saw sad men who lookedSo wistfully at the day.
I never saw sad men who lookedWith such a wistful eyeUpon that little tent of blueWe prisoners called the sky,And at every happy cloud that passedIn such strange freedom by.
But there were those amongst us allWho walked with downcast head,And knew that, had each got his due,They should have died instead:He had but killed a thing that lived,Whilst they had killed the dead.
For he who sins a second timeWakes a dead soul to pain,And draws it from its spotted shroudAnd makes it bleed again,And makes it bleed great gouts of blood,And makes it bleed in vain!
Like ape or clown, in monstrous garbWith crooked arrows starred,Silently we went round and roundThe slippery asphalte yard;Silently we went round and round,And no man spoke a word.
Silently we went round and round,And through each hollow mindThe Memory of dreadful thingsRushed like a dreadful wind,And Horror stalked before each man,And Terror crept behind.
The warders strutted up and down,And watched their herd of brutes,Their uniforms were spick and span,And they wore their Sunday suits,But we knew the work they had been at,By the quicklime on their boots.
For where a grave had opened wide,There was no grave at all:Only a stretch of mud and sandBy the hideous prison-wall,And a little heap of burning lime,That the man should have his pall.
For he has a pall, this wretched man,Such as few men can claim:Deep down below a prison-yard,Naked, for greater shame,He lies, with fetters on each foot,Wrapt in a sheet of flame!
And all the while the burning limeEats flesh and bone away,It eats the brittle bones by night,And the soft flesh by day,It eats the flesh and bone by turns,But it eats the heart alway.
For three long years they will not sowOr root or seedling there:For three long years the unblessed spotWill sterile be and bare,And look upon the wondering skyWith unreproachful stare.
They think a murderer's heart would taintEach simple seed they sow.It is not true! God's kindly earthIs kindlier than men know,And the red rose would but glow more red,The white rose whiter blow.
Out of his mouth a red, red rose!Out of his heart a white!For who can say by what strange way,Christ brings His will to light,Since the barren staff the pilgrim boreBloomed in the great Pope's sight?
But neither milk-white rose nor redMay bloom in prison air;The shard, the pebble, and the flint,Are what they give us there:For flowers have been known to healA common man's despair.
So never will wine-red rose or white,Petal by petal, fallOn that stretch of mud and sand that liesBy the hideous prison-wall,To tell the men who tramp the yardThat God's Son died for all.
Yet though the hideous prison-wallStill hems him round and round,And a spirit may not walk by nightThat is with fetters bound,And a spirit may but weep that liesIn such unholy ground,
He is at peace- this wretched man-At peace, or will be soon:There is no thing to make him mad,Nor does Terror walk at noon,For the lampless Earth in which he liesHas neither Sun nor Moon.
They hanged him as a beast is hanged:They did not even tollA requiem that might have broughtRest to his startled soul,But hurriedly they took him out,And hid him in a hole.
The warders stripped him of his clothes,And gave him to the flies:They mocked the swollen purple throat,And the stark and staring eyes:And with laughter loud they heaped the shroudIn which the convict lies.
The Chaplain would not kneel to prayBy his dishonoured grave:Nor mark it with that blessed CrossThat Christ for sinners gave,Because the man was one of thoseWhom Christ came down to save.
Yet all is well; he has but passedTo Life's appointed bourne:And alien tears will fill for himPity's long-broken urn,For his mourners be outcast men,And outcasts always mourn.
Words in this poem 23
- jingling n.
- The act or process of producing a jingle; also, the sound itself; a chink.
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- wonted a.
- Accustomed; customary; usual.
- wistful a.
- Longing; wishful; desirous. [For wishful; perhaps influenced by wistly, which is probably corrupted from OE. wisly certainly (from Icel. viss certain, akin to E. wit). See Wish.]
- amongst prep.
- Mixed or mingled; surrounded by. [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.]
- garb n.
- External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of speech. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. garawi, garwi, ornament, dress. akin to E. gear. See Gear, n.]
- starred a.
- Adorned or studded with stars; bespangled. [From Star.]
- asphalte n.
- Asphaltic mastic or cement. See Asphalt, 2. [F. See Asphalt.]
- spoke n.
- The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
- dreadful a.
- Full of dread or terror; fearful.
- rushed a.
- Abounding or covered with rushes.
- spick n.
- A spike or nail. Spick and span, quite new; that is, as new as a spike or nail just made and a chip just split; brand- new; as, a spick and span novelty. See Span-new. Howell. [Cf. Sw. spik. See Spike a nail.]
- seedling n.
- A plant reared from the seed, as distinguished from one propagated by layers, buds, or the like.
- unblessed a.
- Not blest; excluded from benediction; hence, accursed; wretched. [Pref. un- not + blessed, blest.]
- shard n.
- A plant; chard.
- unholy a.
- Not holy; unhallowed; not consecrated; hence, profane; wicked; impious.
- lampless a.
- Being without a lamp, or without light; hence, being without appreciation; dull.
- requiem n.
- A mass said or sung for the repose of a departed soul. [Acc. of L. requies rest, the first words of the Mass being "Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine," give eternal rest to them, O lord; pref. re- re + quies quiet. S]
- stark adv.
- Wholly; entirely; absolutely; quite; as, stark mind.
- chaplain n.
- An ecclesiastic who has a chapel, or who performs religious service in a chapel. [F. chapelain, fr. LL. capellanus, fr. capella. See Chapel.]
- kneel v. i.
- To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the knees; -- sometimes with down. [OE. knelen, cneolien; akin to D. knielen, Dan. knæle. See Knee.]
- bourne n.
- A stream or rivulet; a burn. [OE. burne, borne, AS. burna; akin to OS. brunno spring, G. born, brunnen, OHG. prunno, Goth. brunna, Icel. brunnr, and perh. to Gr. burn, v., because the source]
- outcast a.
- Cast out; degraded. [Cf. Sw. utkasta to cast out.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Part IV is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Ballad of Reading Gaol, Project Gutenberg ebook #301; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Oscar Wilde, Part IV, in The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #301, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wilde-reading-gaol/part-iv.html, id L07165.
Form and metre
Part IV is 138 lines in 23 stanzas of 6 lines each. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.1 syllables. 1 line ends on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 29% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---A-A day · man · sick · wanA · eyes · uponA
- 2 -A-A-A noon · bellA · keys · cellA · tramped · hellA
- 3 -A-A-A went · wayA · fear · grayA · looked · dayA
- 4 -A-A-A looked · eyeA · blue · skyA · passed · byA
- 5 -A-A-A all · headA · due · insteadA · lived · deadA
- 6 -A-A-A time · painA · shroud · againA · blood · vainA
- 7 -ABAB- garb · starredA · roundB · yardA · roundB · word
- 8 -A-A-A round · mindA · things · windA · man · behindA
- 9 ---A-A down · brutes · span · suitsA · at · bootsA
- 10 -A-A-A wide · allA · sand · wallA · lime · pallA
- 11 -A-A-A man · claimA · yard · shameA · foot · flameA
- 12 -A-A-- lime · awayA · night · dayA · turns · alway
- 13 -A-A-A sow · thereA · spot · bareA · sky · stareA
- 14 -A-A-A taint · sowA · earth · knowA · red · blowA
- 15 -A-A-A rose · whiteA · way · lightA · bore · sightA
- 16 -A-A-A red · airA · flint · thereA · heal · despairA
- 17 -A-A-A white · fallA · lies · wallA · yard · allA
- 18 -A-A-A wall · roundA · night · boundA · lies · groundA
- 19 -A-A-A man · soonA · mad · noonA · lies · moonA
- 20 -A-A-A hanged · tollA · brought · soulA · out · holeA
- 21 -A-A-A clothes · fliesA · throat · eyesA · shroud · liesA
- 22 -A-A-A pray · graveA · cross · gaveA · those · saveA
- 23 -A---A passed · bourneA · him · urn · men · mournA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| There is no chapel on the day | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| On which they hang a man: | 6 | ······ |
| The Chaplain's heart is far too sick, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Or his face is far too wan, | 7 | ······· |
| Or there is that written in his eyes | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| Which none should look upon. | 6 | ······ |
| So they kept us close till nigh on noon, | 9 | ········· |
| And then they rang the bell, | 6 | ······ |
| And the warders with their jingling keys | 9 | ··/˘··/˘· |
| Opened each listening cell, | 6 | /˘·/˘· |
| And down the iron stair we tramped, | 7 | ···/··· |
| Each from his separate Hell. | 7 | ···/˘·· |
| Out into God's sweet air we went, | 8 | ········ |
| But not in wonted way, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| For this man's face was white with fear, | 8 | ········ |
| And that man's face was gray, | 6 | ······ |
| And I never saw sad men who looked | 8 | ··/····· |
| So wistfully at the day. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| I never saw sad men who looked | 7 | ·/····· |
| With such a wistful eye | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Upon that little tent of blue | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| We prisoners called the sky, | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| And at every happy cloud that passed | 9 | ··/˘/˘··· |
| In such strange freedom by. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| But there were those amongst us all | 8 | ········ |
| Who walked with downcast head, | 6 | ···/·· |
| And knew that, had each got his due, | 8 | ········ |
| They should have died instead: | 6 | ····˘/ |
| He had but killed a thing that lived, | 8 | ········ |
| Whilst they had killed the dead. | 6 | ······ |
| For he who sins a second time | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Wakes a dead soul to pain, | 6 | ······ |
| And draws it from its spotted shroud | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And makes it bleed again, | 6 | ····˘/ |
| And makes it bleed great gouts of blood, | 8 | ········ |
| And makes it bleed in vain! | 6 | ······ |
| Like ape or clown, in monstrous garb | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| With crooked arrows starred, | 6 | ·/˘/˘· |
| Silently we went round and round | 7 | /˘····· |
| The slippery asphalte yard; | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| Silently we went round and round, | 7 | /˘····· |
| And no man spoke a word. | 6 | ······ |
| Silently we went round and round, | 7 | /˘····· |
| And through each hollow mind | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The Memory of dreadful things | 7 | ·/˘·/˘· |
| Rushed like a dreadful wind, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| And Horror stalked before each man, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And Terror crept behind. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| The warders strutted up and down, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| And watched their herd of brutes, | 6 | ······ |
| Their uniforms were spick and span, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And they wore their Sunday suits, | 7 | ····/·· |
| But we knew the work they had been at, | 9 | ········· |
| By the quicklime on their boots. | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| For where a grave had opened wide, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| There was no grave at all: | 6 | ······ |
| Only a stretch of mud and sand | 8 | /˘······ |
| By the hideous prison-wall, | 7 | ··/˘/˘· |
| And a little heap of burning lime, | 9 | ··/˘··/˘· |
| That the man should have his pall. | 7 | ······· |
| For he has a pall, this wretched man, | 9 | ······/˘· |
| Such as few men can claim: | 6 | ······ |
| Deep down below a prison-yard, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Naked, for greater shame, | 6 | /˘·/˘· |
| He lies, with fetters on each foot, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Wrapt in a sheet of flame! | 6 | ······ |
| And all the while the burning lime | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Eats flesh and bone away, | 6 | ····˘/ |
| It eats the brittle bones by night, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And the soft flesh by day, | 6 | ······ |
| It eats the flesh and bone by turns, | 8 | ········ |
| But it eats the heart alway. | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| For three long years they will not sow | 8 | ········ |
| Or root or seedling there: | 6 | ···/˘· |
| For three long years the unblessed spot | 8 | ········ |
| Will sterile be and bare, | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| And look upon the wondering sky | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| With unreproachful stare. | 6 | ······ |
| They think a murderer's heart would taint | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Each simple seed they sow. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| It is not true! God's kindly earth | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Is kindlier than men know, | 6 | ······ |
| And the red rose would but glow more red, | 9 | ········· |
| The white rose whiter blow. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Out of his mouth a red, red rose! | 8 | ········ |
| Out of his heart a white! | 6 | ······ |
| For who can say by what strange way, | 8 | ········ |
| Christ brings His will to light, | 6 | ······ |
| Since the barren staff the pilgrim bore | 9 | ··/˘··/˘· |
| Bloomed in the great Pope's sight? | 6 | ······ |
| But neither milk-white rose nor red | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| May bloom in prison air; | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The shard, the pebble, and the flint, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Are what they give us there: | 6 | ······ |
| For flowers have been known to heal | 7 | ·/····· |
| A common man's despair. | 6 | ·/˘·˘/ |
| So never will wine-red rose or white, | 8 | ·/······ |
| Petal by petal, fall | 6 | /˘·/˘· |
| On that stretch of mud and sand that lies | 9 | ········· |
| By the hideous prison-wall, | 7 | ··/˘/˘· |
| To tell the men who tramp the yard | 8 | ········ |
| That God's Son died for all. | 6 | ······ |
| Yet though the hideous prison-wall | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Still hems him round and round, | 6 | ······ |
| And a spirit may not walk by night | 8 | ··/····· |
| That is with fetters bound, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| And a spirit may but weep that lies | 8 | ··/····· |
| In such unholy ground, | 6 | ··˘/˘· |
| He is at peace- this wretched man- | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| At peace, or will be soon: | 6 | ······ |
| There is no thing to make him mad, | 8 | ········ |
| Nor does Terror walk at noon, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| For the lampless Earth in which he lies | 9 | ··/˘····· |
| Has neither Sun nor Moon. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| They hanged him as a beast is hanged: | 8 | ········ |
| They did not even toll | 6 | ···/˘· |
| A requiem that might have brought | 7 | ·/˘···· |
| Rest to his startled soul, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| But hurriedly they took him out, | 7 | ·/˘···· |
| And hid him in a hole. | 6 | ······ |
| The warders stripped him of his clothes, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And gave him to the flies: | 6 | ······ |
| They mocked the swollen purple throat, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| And the stark and staring eyes: | 7 | ····/˘· |
| And with laughter loud they heaped the shroud | 9 | ··/˘····· |
| In which the convict lies. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The Chaplain would not kneel to pray | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| By his dishonoured grave: | 6 | ··˘/˘· |
| Nor mark it with that blessed Cross | 7 | ······· |
| That Christ for sinners gave, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Because the man was one of those | 8 | ········ |
| Whom Christ came down to save. | 6 | ······ |
| Yet all is well; he has but passed | 8 | ········ |
| To Life's appointed bourne: | 6 | ··˘/˘· |
| And alien tears will fill for him | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Pity's long-broken urn, | 6 | /˘·/˘· |
| For his mourners be outcast men, | 8 | ··/˘·/·· |
| And outcasts always mourn. | 6 | ·/·/·· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.