The Pastoral Letter
So, this is all,--the utmost reachOf priestly power the mind to fetter!When laymen think, when women preach,A war of words, a "Pastoral Letter!"Now, shame upon ye, parish Popes!Was it thus with those, your predecessors,Who sealed with racks, and fire, and ropesTheir loving-kindness to transgressors?
A "Pastoral Letter," grave and dull;Alas! in hoof and horns and features,How different is your Brookfield bullFrom him who bellows from St. Peter'sYour pastoral rights and powers from harm,Think ye, can words alone preserve them?Your wiser fathers taught the armAnd sword of temporal power to serve them.
Oh, glorious days, when Church and StateWere wedded by your spiritual fathers!And on submissive shoulders satYour Wilsons and your Cotton Mathers.No vile "itinerant" then could marThe beauty of your tranquil Zion,But at his peril of the scarOf hangman's whip and branding-iron.
Then, wholesome laws relieved the ChurchOf heretic and mischief-maker,And priest and bailiff joined in search,By turns, of Papist, witch, and QuakerThe stocks were at each church's door,The gallows stood on Boston Common,A Papist's ears the pillory bore,--The gallows-rope, a Quaker woman!
Your fathers dealt not as ye dealWith "non-professing" frantic teachers;They bored the tongue with red-hot steel,And flayed the backs of "female preachers."Old Hampton, had her fields a tongue,And Salem's streets could tell their story,Of fainting woman dragged along,Gashed by the whip accursed and gory!
And will ye ask me, why this tauntOf memories sacred from the scorner?And why with reckless hand I plantA nettle on the graves ye honor?Not to reproach New England's deadThis record from the past I summon,Of manhood to the scaffold led,And suffering and heroic woman.
No, for yourselves alone, I turnThe pages of intolerance over,That, in their spirit, dark and stern,Ye haply may your own discover!For, if ye claim the "pastoral right"To silence Freedom's voice of warning,And from your precincts shut the lightOf Freedom's day around ye dawning;
If when an earthquake voice of powerAnd signs in earth and heaven are showingThat forth, in its appointed hour,The Spirit of the Lord is goingAnd, with that Spirit, Freedom's lightOn kindred, tongue, and people breaking,Whose slumbering millions, at the sight,In glory and in strength are waking!
When for the sighing of the poor,And for the needy, God bath risen,And chains are breaking, and a doorIs opening for the souls in prison!If then ye would, with puny hands,Arrest the very work of Heaven,And bind anew the evil bandsWhich God's right arm of power hath riven;
What marvel that, in many a mind,Those darker deeds of bigot madnessAre closely with your own combined,Yet "less in anger than in sadness"?What marvel, if the people learnTo claim the right of free opinion?What marvel, if at times they spurnThe ancient yoke of your dominion?
A glorious remnant linger yet,Whose lips are wet at Freedom's fountains,The coming of whose welcome feetIs beautiful upon our mountains!Men, who the gospel tidings bringOf Liberty and Love forever,Whose joy is an abiding spring,Whose peace is as a gentle river!
But ye, who scorn the thrilling taleOf Carolina's high-souled daughters,Which echoes here the mournful wailOf sorrow from Edisto's waters,Close while ye may the public ear,With malice vex, with slander wound them,The pure and good shall throng to hear,And tried and manly hearts surround them.
Oh, ever may the power which ledTheir way to such a fiery trial,And strengthened womanhood to treadThe wine-press of such self-denial,Be round them in an evil land,With wisdom and with strength from Heaven,With Miriam's voice, and Judith's hand,And Deborah's song, for triumph given!
And what are ye who strive with GodAgainst the ark of His salvation,Moved by the breath of prayer abroad,With blessings for a dying nation?What, but the stubble and the hayTo perish, even as flax consuming,With all that bars His glorious way,Before the brightness of His coming?
And thou, sad Angel, who so longHast waited for the glorious token,That Earth from all her bonds of wrongTo liberty and light has broken,--
Angel of Freedom! soon to theeThe sounding trumpet shall be given,And over Earth's full jubileeShall deeper joy be felt in Heaven!
Words in this poem 18
- glorious a.
- Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
- wedded a.
- Joined in wedlock; married.
- zion n.
- A hill in Jerusalem, which, after the capture of that city by the Israelites, became the royal residence of David and his successors. [Heb. tsiy, originally, a hill.]
- heretic n.
- One who holds to a heresy; one who believes some doctrine contrary to the established faith or prevailing religion. [L. haereticus, Gr. hérétique. See Heresy.]
- papist n.
- A Roman catholic; one who adheres to the Church of Rome and the authority of the pope; -- an offensive designation applied to Roman Catholics by their opponents. [F. papiste. See Pape, Pope.]
- quaker n.
- One who quakes.
- backs n.
- Among leather dealers, the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.
- gory a.
- Covered with gore or clotted blood. [From Gore.]
- scorner n.
- One who scorns; a despiser; a contemner; specifically, a scoffer at religion.
- haply adv.
- By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
- discover v. i.
- To discover or show one's self.
- puny a.
- Imperfectly developed in size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty. [F. puîté younger, later born, OF. puisné; puis afterwards (L. post; see Post-) + né born, L. natus. See Natal, and cf. Puisne.]
- bigot n.
- A hypocrite; esp., a superstitious hypocrite. [F. bigot a bigot or hypocrite, a name once given to the Normans in France. Of unknown origin; possibly akin to Sp. bigote a whisker; hombre de bigote a man of s]
- sadness n.
- Heaviness; firmness.
- spurn v. t.
- To drive back or away, as with the foot; to kick. [OE. spurnen to kick against, to stumble over, AS. spurnan to kick, offend; akin to spura spur, OS. & OHG. spurnan to kick, Icel. spyrna, L. spernere to despise,]
- thrilling a.
- Causing a thrill; causing tremulous excitement; deeply moving; as, a thrilling romance.
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- hast
- , 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Pastoral Letter is in the public domain. This text is taken from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform, Complete Volume III of The Works of John Greenleaf Whittier, Project Gutenberg ebook #9580; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Greenleaf Whittier, The Pastoral Letter, in Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform (1865), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9580, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whittier-anti-slavery/the-pastoral-letter.html, id L24853.
Form and metre
The Pastoral Letter is 120 lines in 16 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ABAB-C-C reachA · fetterB · preachA · letterB · popes · predecessorsC · ropes · transgressorsC
- 2 ----ABAB dull · features · bull · peter's · harmA · themB · armA · themB
- 3 ----A-A- state · fathers · sat · mathers · marA · zion · scarA · iron
- 4 ABABC-C- churchA · makerB · searchA · quakerB · doorC · common · boreC · woman
- 5 ABAB-C-C dealA · teachersB · steelA · preachersB · tongue · storyC · along · goryC
- 6 ----A-A- taunt · scorner · plant · honor · deadA · summon · ledA · woman
- 7 A-A-B-B- turnA · over · sternA · discover · rightB · warning · lightB · dawning
- 8 ABABCDCD powerA · showingB · hourA · goingB · lightC · breakingD · sightC · wakingD
- 9 -A-AB-B- poor · risenA · door · prisonA · handsB · heaven · bandsB · riven
- 10 ABABCDCD mindA · madnessB · combinedA · sadnessB · learnC · opinionD · spurnC · dominionD
- 11 -A-AB-B- yet · fountainsA · feet · mountainsA · bringB · forever · springB · river
- 12 ABABCDCD taleA · daughtersB · wailA · watersB · earC · themD · hearC · themD
- 13 ABABC-C- ledA · trialB · treadA · denialB · landC · heaven · handC · given
- 14 -A-AB-B- god · salvationA · abroad · nationA · hayB · consuming · wayB · coming
- 15 ABAB longA · tokenB · wrongA · brokenB
- 16 A-A- theeA · given · jubileeA · heaven
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| So, this is all,--the utmost reach | 8 | ·····/·· |
| Of priestly power the mind to fetter! | 9 | ·/˘/···/˘ |
| When laymen think, when women preach, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| A war of words, a "Pastoral Letter!" | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Now, shame upon ye, parish Popes! | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Was it thus with those, your predecessors, | 10 | ······/˘·˘ |
| Who sealed with racks, and fire, and ropes | 8 | ·····/·· |
| Their loving-kindness to transgressors? | 9 | ·/˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| A "Pastoral Letter," grave and dull; | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Alas! in hoof and horns and features, | 9 | ˘/·····/˘ |
| How different is your Brookfield bull | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| From him who bellows from St. Peter's | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| Your pastoral rights and powers from harm, | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| Think ye, can words alone preserve them? | 9 | ····˘/˘/· |
| Your wiser fathers taught the arm | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| And sword of temporal power to serve them. | 9 | ···/˘/··· |
| Oh, glorious days, when Church and State | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Were wedded by your spiritual fathers! | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| And on submissive shoulders sat | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| Your Wilsons and your Cotton Mathers. | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| No vile "itinerant" then could mar | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| The beauty of your tranquil Zion, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| But at his peril of the scar | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Of hangman's whip and branding-iron. | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Then, wholesome laws relieved the Church | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Of heretic and mischief-maker, | 9 | ·/˘˘·/˘/˘ |
| And priest and bailiff joined in search, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| By turns, of Papist, witch, and Quaker | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| The stocks were at each church's door, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The gallows stood on Boston Common, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| A Papist's ears the pillory bore,-- | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The gallows-rope, a Quaker woman! | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Your fathers dealt not as ye deal | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| With "non-professing" frantic teachers; | 9 | ··˘/˘/˘/˘ |
| They bored the tongue with red-hot steel, | 8 | ········ |
| And flayed the backs of "female preachers." | 9 | ·····/·/˘ |
| Old Hampton, had her fields a tongue, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And Salem's streets could tell their story, | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| Of fainting woman dragged along, | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Gashed by the whip accursed and gory! | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| And will ye ask me, why this taunt | 8 | ········ |
| Of memories sacred from the scorner? | 9 | ·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| And why with reckless hand I plant | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| A nettle on the graves ye honor? | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| Not to reproach New England's dead | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| This record from the past I summon, | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| Of manhood to the scaffold led, | 8 | ·/···/˘· |
| And suffering and heroic woman. | 9 | ·/˘·˘/˘/˘ |
| No, for yourselves alone, I turn | 8 | ··˘/˘/·· |
| The pages of intolerance over, | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| That, in their spirit, dark and stern, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Ye haply may your own discover! | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| For, if ye claim the "pastoral right" | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| To silence Freedom's voice of warning, | 9 | ·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| And from your precincts shut the light | 8 | ···/···· |
| Of Freedom's day around ye dawning; | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| If when an earthquake voice of power | 9 | ···/···/˘ |
| And signs in earth and heaven are showing | 9 | ·····/·/˘ |
| That forth, in its appointed hour, | 9 | ····˘/˘/˘ |
| The Spirit of the Lord is going | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| And, with that Spirit, Freedom's light | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| On kindred, tongue, and people breaking, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Whose slumbering millions, at the sight, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| In glory and in strength are waking! | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| When for the sighing of the poor, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And for the needy, God bath risen, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| And chains are breaking, and a door | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Is opening for the souls in prison! | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| If then ye would, with puny hands, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Arrest the very work of Heaven, | 9 | ˘/·/˘··/˘ |
| And bind anew the evil bands | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Which God's right arm of power hath riven; | 9 | ·····/·/˘ |
| What marvel that, in many a mind, | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| Those darker deeds of bigot madness | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Are closely with your own combined, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Yet "less in anger than in sadness"? | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| What marvel, if the people learn | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| To claim the right of free opinion? | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| What marvel, if at times they spurn | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The ancient yoke of your dominion? | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| A glorious remnant linger yet, | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘· |
| Whose lips are wet at Freedom's fountains, | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| The coming of whose welcome feet | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Is beautiful upon our mountains! | 9 | ·/˘˘··//˘ |
| Men, who the gospel tidings bring | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Of Liberty and Love forever, | 9 | ·/˘˘··˘/˘ |
| Whose joy is an abiding spring, | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| Whose peace is as a gentle river! | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| But ye, who scorn the thrilling tale | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Of Carolina's high-souled daughters, | 9 | ··˘/˘··/˘ |
| Which echoes here the mournful wail | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Of sorrow from Edisto's waters, | 9 | ·/˘·/˘˘/˘ |
| Close while ye may the public ear, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| With malice vex, with slander wound them, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·· |
| The pure and good shall throng to hear, | 8 | ········ |
| And tried and manly hearts surround them. | 9 | ···/˘·˘/· |
| Oh, ever may the power which led | 8 | ·/··/˘·· |
| Their way to such a fiery trial, | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| And strengthened womanhood to tread | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| The wine-press of such self-denial, | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| Be round them in an evil land, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| With wisdom and with strength from Heaven, | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| With Miriam's voice, and Judith's hand, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And Deborah's song, for triumph given! | 8 | ·/˘··/˘/ |
| And what are ye who strive with God | 8 | ········ |
| Against the ark of His salvation, | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| Moved by the breath of prayer abroad, | 8 | ······˘/ |
| With blessings for a dying nation? | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| What, but the stubble and the hay | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| To perish, even as flax consuming, | 9 | ·/˘/··˘/˘ |
| With all that bars His glorious way, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Before the brightness of His coming? | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| And thou, sad Angel, who so long | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Hast waited for the glorious token, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| That Earth from all her bonds of wrong | 8 | ········ |
| To liberty and light has broken,-- | 9 | ·/˘˘···/˘ |
| Angel of Freedom! soon to thee | 8 | /˘·/˘··· |
| The sounding trumpet shall be given, | 9 | ·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| And over Earth's full jubilee | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Shall deeper joy be felt in Heaven! | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
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