The Gallows
THE suns of eighteen centuries have shoneSince the Redeemer walked with man, and madeThe fisher's boat, the cavern's floor of stone,And mountain moss, a pillow for His head;And He, who wandered with the peasant Jew,And broke with publicans the bread of shame,And drank with blessings, in His Father's name,The water which Samaria's outcast drew,Hath now His temples upon every shore,Altar and shrine and priest; and incense dimEvermore rising, with low prayer and hymn,From lips which press the temple's marble floor,Or kiss the gilded sign of the dread cross He bore.
Yet as of old, when, meekly "doing good,"He fed a blind and selfish multitude,And even the poor companions of His lotWith their dim earthly vision knew Him not,How ill are His high teachings understoodWhere He hath spoken Liberty, the priestAt His own altar binds the chain anew;Where He hath bidden to Life's equal feast,The starving many wait upon the few;Where He hath spoken Peace, His name hath beenThe loudest war-cry of contending men;Priests, pale with vigils, in His name have blessedThe unsheathed sword, and laid the spear in rest,Wet the war-banner with their sacred wine,And crossed its blazon with the holy sign;Yea, in His name who bade the erring live,And daily taught His lesson, to forgive!Twisted the cord and edged the murderous steel;And, with His words of mercy on their lips,Hung gloating o'er the pincer's burning grips,And the grim horror of the straining wheel;Fed the slow flame which gnawed the victim's limb,Who saw before his searing eyeballs swimThe image of their Christ in cruel zeal,Through the black torment-smoke, held mockingly to him!
The blood which mingled with the desert sand,And beaded with its red and ghastly dewThe vines and olives of the Holy Land;The shrieking curses of the hunted Jew;The white-sown bones of heretics, where'erThey sank beneath the Crusade's holy spear;Goa's dark dungeons, Malta's sea-washed cell,Where with the hymns the ghostly fathers sungMingled the groans by subtle torture wrung,Heaven's anthem blending with the shriek of hell!The midnight of Bartholomew, the stakeOf Smithfield, and that thrice-accursed flameWhich Calvin kindled by Geneva's lake;New England's scaffold, and the priestly sneerWhich mocked its victims in that hour of fear,When guilt itself a human tear might claim,--Bear witness, O Thou wronged and merciful One!That Earth's most hateful crimes have in Thyname been done!
Thank God! that I have lived to see the timeWhen the great truth begins at last to findAn utterance from the deep heart of mankind,Earnest and clear, that all Revenge is Crime,That man is holier than a creed, that allRestraint upon him must consult his good,Hope's sunshine linger on his prison wall,And Love look in upon his solitude.The beautiful lesson which our Saviour taughtThrough long, dark centuries its way hath wroughtInto the common mind and popular thought;And words, to which by Galilee's lake shoreThe humble fishers listened with hushed oar,Have found an echo in the general heart,And of the public faith become a living part.
Who shall arrest this tendency? Bring backThe cells of Venice and the bigot's rack?Harden the softening human heart againTo cold indifference to a brother's pain?Ye most unhappy men! who, turned awayFrom the mild sunshine of the Gospel day,Grope in the shadows of Man's twilight time,What mean ye, that with ghoul-like zest ye brood,O'er those foul altars streaming with warm blood,Permitted in another age and clime?Why cite that law with which the bigot JewRebuked the Pagan's mercy, when he knewNo evil in the Just One? Wherefore turnTo the dark, cruel past? Can ye not learnFrom the pure Teacher's life how mildly freeIs the great Gospel of Humanity?The Flamen's knife is bloodless, and no moreMexitli's altars soak with human gore,No more the ghastly sacrifices smokeThrough the green arches of the Druid's oak;And ye of milder faith, with your high claimOf prophet-utterance in the Holiest name,Will ye become the Druids of our timeSet up your scaffold-altars in our land,And, consecrators of Law's darkest crime,Urge to its loathsome work the hangman's hand?Beware, lest human nature, roused at last,From its peeled shoulder your encumbrance cast,And, sick to loathing of your cry for blood,Rank ye with those who led their victims roundThe Celt's red altar and the Indian's mound,Abhorred of Earth and Heaven, a pagan brotherhood!
Words in this poem 24
- redeemer n.
- One who redeems.
- broke v. i.
- To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
- drank n.
- Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
- outcast a.
- Cast out; degraded. [Cf. Sw. utkasta to cast out.]
- evermore adv.
- During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.
- meekly adv.
- In a meek manner.
- blazon v. t.
- To depict in colors; to display; to exhibit conspicuously; to publish or make public far and wide. [From blazon, n.; confused with 4th blaze: cf. F. blasonner.]
- bade
- A form of the pat tense of Bid.
- mockingly adv.
- By way of derision; in a contemptuous or mocking manner.
- ghostly a.
- Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual; as, a ghostly confessor. [OE. gastlich, gostlich, AS. gastlic. See Ghost.]
- anthem v. t.
- To celebrate with anthems.
- blending n.
- The act of mingling.
- hateful a.
- Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
- thank n.
- A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. [AS. Þanc, Þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. Þ\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. Þagks thanks; -]
- consult n.
- The act of consulting or deliberating; consultation; also, the result of consulation; determination; decision.
- sunshine n.
- The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
- saviour n.
- One who saves, preserves, or delivers from destruction or danger. [OE. saveour, OF. salveor, F. sauveur, fr. L. salvator to save. See Save, v.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- zest n.
- A piece of orange or lemon peel, or the aromatic oil which may be squeezed from such peel, used to give flavor to liquor, etc. [F. zeste, probably fr. L. schistos split, cleft, divided, Gr. Schism.]
- streaming a.
- Sending forth streams.
- clime n.
- A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate. [L. clima. See Climate.]
- bigot n.
- A hypocrite; esp., a superstitious hypocrite. [F. bigot a bigot or hypocrite, a name once given to the Normans in France. Of unknown origin; possibly akin to Sp. bigote a whisker; hombre de bigote a man of s]
- wherefore adv.
- For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
- beware v. t.
- To avoid; to take care of; to have a care for.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Gallows is in the public domain. This text is taken from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform, Complete Volume III of The Works of John Greenleaf Whittier, Project Gutenberg ebook #9580; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Greenleaf Whittier, The Gallows, in Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform (1865), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9580, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whittier-anti-slavery/the-gallows.html, id L24936.
Form and metre
The Gallows is 104 lines in 5 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 A-A-BCCBDEEDD shoneA · made · stoneA · head · jewB · shameC · nameC · drewB · shoreD · dimE · hymnE · floorD · boreD
- 2 A-BBACDCD--EEFFGGHIIHJJHJ goodA · multitude · lotB · notB · understoodA · priestC · anewD · feastC · fewD · been · men · blessedE · restE · wineF · signF · liveG · forgiveG · steelH · lipsI · gripsI · wheelH · limbJ · swimJ · zealH · himJ
- 3 ABABCCDEEDFGFCCGH-H sandA · dewB · landA · jewB · where'erC · spearC · cellD · sungE · wrungE · hellD · stakeF · flameG · lakeF · sneerC · fearC · claimG · oneH · thy · doneH
- 4 ABBAC-C-DDDEEFF timeA · findB · mankindB · crimeA · allC · good · wallC · solitude · taughtD · wroughtD · thoughtD · shoreE · oarE · heartF · partF
- 5 AA--BBC--CDDEE--FFGGHHIJIJKKLMML backA · rackA · again · pain · awayB · dayB · timeC · brood · blood · climeC · jewD · knewD · turnE · learnE · free · humanity · moreF · goreF · smokeG · oakG · claimH · nameH · timeI · landJ · crimeI · handJ · lastK · castK · bloodL · roundM · moundM · brotherhoodL
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| THE suns of eighteen centuries have shone | 10 | ···˘//˘˘·· |
| Since the Redeemer walked with man, and made | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| The fisher's boat, the cavern's floor of stone, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| And mountain moss, a pillow for His head; | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| And He, who wandered with the peasant Jew, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And broke with publicans the bread of shame, | 10 | ·········· |
| And drank with blessings, in His Father's name, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The water which Samaria's outcast drew, | 11 | ·/˘··˘/˘/·· |
| Hath now His temples upon every shore, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Altar and shrine and priest; and incense dim | 10 | /˘·····˘/· |
| Evermore rising, with low prayer and hymn, | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| From lips which press the temple's marble floor, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Or kiss the gilded sign of the dread cross He bore. | 12 | ···/˘······· |
| Yet as of old, when, meekly "doing good," | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| He fed a blind and selfish multitude, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| And even the poor companions of His lot | 10 | ·/··˘/˘··· |
| With their dim earthly vision knew Him not, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| How ill are His high teachings understood | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| Where He hath spoken Liberty, the priest | 10 | ···/˘/˘˘·· |
| At His own altar binds the chain anew; | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Where He hath bidden to Life's equal feast, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The starving many wait upon the few; | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Where He hath spoken Peace, His name hath been | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The loudest war-cry of contending men; | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Priests, pale with vigils, in His name have blessed | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The unsheathed sword, and laid the spear in rest, | 10 | ·········· |
| Wet the war-banner with their sacred wine, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And crossed its blazon with the holy sign; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Yea, in His name who bade the erring live, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And daily taught His lesson, to forgive! | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| Twisted the cord and edged the murderous steel; | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| And, with His words of mercy on their lips, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Hung gloating o'er the pincer's burning grips, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| And the grim horror of the straining wheel; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Fed the slow flame which gnawed the victim's limb, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Who saw before his searing eyeballs swim | 10 | ·····/˘/·· |
| The image of their Christ in cruel zeal, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Through the black torment-smoke, held mockingly to him! | 12 | ···/···/˘˘·· |
| The blood which mingled with the desert sand, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And beaded with its red and ghastly dew | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| The vines and olives of the Holy Land; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The shrieking curses of the hunted Jew; | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| The white-sown bones of heretics, where'er | 10 | ·····/˘˘˘/ |
| They sank beneath the Crusade's holy spear; | 10 | ·····˘//˘· |
| Goa's dark dungeons, Malta's sea-washed cell, | 10 | /˘·/˘/˘··· |
| Where with the hymns the ghostly fathers sung | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Mingled the groans by subtle torture wrung, | 10 | /˘···/˘/˘· |
| Heaven's anthem blending with the shriek of hell! | 11 | /˘/˘/˘····· |
| The midnight of Bartholomew, the stake | 10 | ·/··˘/˘··· |
| Of Smithfield, and that thrice-accursed flame | 10 | ·/˘·····˘· |
| Which Calvin kindled by Geneva's lake; | 10 | ·/˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| New England's scaffold, and the priestly sneer | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Which mocked its victims in that hour of fear, | 10 | ···/˘··/·· |
| When guilt itself a human tear might claim,-- | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| Bear witness, O Thou wronged and merciful One! | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| That Earth's most hateful crimes have in Thy | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| name been done! | 3 | ··· |
| Thank God! that I have lived to see the time | 10 | ·········· |
| When the great truth begins at last to find | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| An utterance from the deep heart of mankind, | 10 | ·/˘·····// |
| Earnest and clear, that all Revenge is Crime, | 10 | /˘····˘/·· |
| That man is holier than a creed, that all | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Restraint upon him must consult his good, | 10 | ˘/····˘/·· |
| Hope's sunshine linger on his prison wall, | 10 | ·/·/˘··/˘· |
| And Love look in upon his solitude. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The beautiful lesson which our Saviour taught | 10 | ·/˘/˘·//˘· |
| Through long, dark centuries its way hath wrought | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| Into the common mind and popular thought; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And words, to which by Galilee's lake shore | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The humble fishers listened with hushed oar, | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| Have found an echo in the general heart, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And of the public faith become a living part. | 12 | ···/˘·˘/·/˘· |
| Who shall arrest this tendency? Bring back | 10 | ··˘/·/˘˘·· |
| The cells of Venice and the bigot's rack? | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Harden the softening human heart again | 10 | /˘·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| To cold indifference to a brother's pain? | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Ye most unhappy men! who, turned away | 10 | ··˘/˘···˘/ |
| From the mild sunshine of the Gospel day, | 10 | ···/···/˘· |
| Grope in the shadows of Man's twilight time, | 10 | ···/···/·· |
| What mean ye, that with ghoul-like zest ye brood, | 10 | ·········· |
| O'er those foul altars streaming with warm blood, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Permitted in another age and clime? | 10 | ˘/˘·˘/˘··· |
| Why cite that law with which the bigot Jew | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Rebuked the Pagan's mercy, when he knew | 10 | ˘/·/˘/˘··· |
| No evil in the Just One? Wherefore turn | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| To the dark, cruel past? Can ye not learn | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| From the pure Teacher's life how mildly free | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Is the great Gospel of Humanity? | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘˘ |
| The Flamen's knife is bloodless, and no more | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Mexitli's altars soak with human gore, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| No more the ghastly sacrifices smoke | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘· |
| Through the green arches of the Druid's oak; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And ye of milder faith, with your high claim | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of prophet-utterance in the Holiest name, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Will ye become the Druids of our time | 10 | ··˘/·/˘·/· |
| Set up your scaffold-altars in our land, | 10 | ···/˘/˘·/· |
| And, consecrators of Law's darkest crime, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Urge to its loathsome work the hangman's hand? | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Beware, lest human nature, roused at last, | 10 | ˘/·/˘/˘··· |
| From its peeled shoulder your encumbrance cast, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| And, sick to loathing of your cry for blood, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Rank ye with those who led their victims round | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The Celt's red altar and the Indian's mound, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Abhorred of Earth and Heaven, a pagan brotherhood! | 12 | ˘/···/·/˘/˘· |
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