Pennsylvania Hall

John Greenleaf Whittier (1807–1892) · 1865

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 152 lines · from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform

NOT with the splendors of the days of old,The spoil of nations, and barbaric gold;No weapons wrested from the fields of blood,Where dark and stern the unyielding Roman stood,And the proud eagles of his cohorts sawA world, war-wasted, crouching to his law;

Nor blazoned car, nor banners floating gay,Like those which swept along the Appian Way,When, to the welcome of imperial Rome,The victor warrior came in triumph home,And trumpet peal, and shoutings wild and high,Stirred the blue quiet of the Italian sky;But calm and grateful, prayerful and sincere,As Christian freemen only, gathering here,We dedicate our fair and lofty Hall,Pillar and arch, entablature and wall,As Virtue's shrine, as Liberty's abode,Sacred to Freedom, and to Freedom's GodFar statelier Halls, 'neath brighter skies than these,Stood darkly mirrored in the AEgean seas,Pillar and shrine, and life-like statues seen,Graceful and pure, the marble shafts between;Where glorious Athens from her rocky hillSaw Art and Beauty subject to her will;And the chaste temple, and the classic grove,The hall of sages, and the bowers of love,Arch, fane, and column, graced the shores, and gaveTheir shadows to the blue Saronic wave;And statelier rose, on Tiber's winding side,The Pantheon's dome, the Coliseum's pride,The Capitol, whose arches backward flungThe deep, clear cadence of the Roman tongue,Whence stern decrees, like words of fate, went forthTo the awed nations of a conquered earth,Where the proud Caesars in their glory came,And Brutus lightened from his lips of flame!Yet in the porches of Athena's halls,And in the shadow of her stately walls,Lurked the sad bondman, and his tears of woeWet the cold marble with unheeded flow;And fetters clanked beneath the silver domeOf the proud Pantheon of imperious Rome.Oh, not for hint, the chained and stricken slave,By Tiber's shore, or blue AEgina's wave,In the thronged forum, or the sages' seat,The bold lip pleaded, and the warm heart beat;No soul of sorrow melted at his pain,No tear of pity rusted on his chain!

But this fair Hall to Truth and Freedom given,Pledged to the Right before all Earth and Heaven,A free arena for the strife of mind,To caste, or sect, or color unconfined,Shall thrill with echoes such as ne'er of oldFrom Roman hall or Grecian temple rolled;Thoughts shall find utterance such as never yetThe Propylea or the Forum met.Beneath its roof no gladiator's strifeShall win applauses with the waste of life;No lordly lictor urge the barbarous game,No wanton Lais glory in her shame.But here the tear of sympathy shall flow,As the ear listens to the tale of woe;Here in stern judgment of the oppressor's wrongShall strong rebukings thrill on Freedom's tongue,No partial justice hold th' unequal scale,No pride of caste a brother's rights assail,No tyrant's mandates echo from this wall,Holy to Freedom and the Rights of All!But a fair field, where mind may close with mind,Free as the sunshine and the chainless wind;Where the high trust is fixed on Truth alone,And bonds and fetters from the soul are thrown;Where wealth, and rank, and worldly pomp, and might,Yield to the presence of the True and Right.

And fitting is it that this Hall should standWhere Pennsylvania's Founder led his band,From thy blue waters, Delaware!--to pressThe virgin verdure of the wilderness.Here, where all Europe with amazement sawThe soul's high freedom trammelled by no law;Here, where the fierce and warlike forest-menGathered, in peace, around the home of Penn,Awed by the weapons Love alone had givenDrawn from the holy armory of Heaven;Where Nature's voice against the bondman's wrongFirst found an earnest and indignant tongue;Where Lay's bold message to the proud was borne;And Keith's rebuke, and Franklin's manly scorn!Fitting it is that here, where Freedom firstFrom her fair feet shook off the Old World's dust,Spread her white pinions to our Western blast,And her free tresses to our sunshine cast,One Hall should rise redeemed from Slavery's ban,One Temple sacred to the Rights of Man!

Oh! if the spirits of the parted come,Visiting angels, to their olden homeIf the dead fathers of the land look forthFrom their fair dwellings, to the things of earth,Is it a dream, that with their eyes of love,They gaze now on us from the bowers above?Lay's ardent soul, and Benezet the mild,Steadfast in faith, yet gentle as a child,Meek-hearted Woolman, and that brother-band,The sorrowing exiles from their "Father land,"Leaving their homes in Krieshiem's bowers of vine,And the blue beauty of their glorious Rhine,To seek amidst our solemn depths of woodFreedom from man, and holy peace with God;Who first of all their testimonial gaveAgainst the oppressor, for the outcast slave,Is it a dream that such as these look down,And with their blessing our rejoicings crown?Let us rejoice, that while the pulpit's doorIs barred against the pleaders for the poor;While the Church, wrangling upon points of faith,Forgets her bondmen suffering unto death;While crafty Traffic and the lust of GainUnite to forge Oppression's triple chain,One door is open, and one Temple free,As a resting-place for hunted Liberty!Where men may speak, unshackled and unawed,High words of Truth, for Freedom and for God.And when that truth its perfect work hath done,And rich with blessings o'er our land hath gone;When not a slave beneath his yoke shall pine,From broad Potomac to the far SabineWhen unto angel lips at last is givenThe silver trump of Jubilee in Heaven;And from Virginia's plains, Kentucky's shades,And through the dim Floridian everglades,Rises, to meet that angel-trumpet's sound,The voice of millions from their chains unbound;Then, though this Hall be crumbling in decay,Its strong walls blending with the common clay,Yet, round the ruins of its strength shall standThe best and noblest of a ransomed land--Pilgrims, like these who throng around the shrineOf Mecca, or of holy Palestine!A prouder glory shall that ruin ownThan that which lingers round the Parthenon.Here shall the child of after years be taughtThe works of Freedom which his fathers wrought;Told of the trials of the present hour,Our weary strife with prejudice and power;How the high errand quickened woman's soul,And touched her lip as with a living coal;How Freedom's martyrs kept their lofty faithTrue and unwavering, unto bonds and death;The pencil's art shall sketch the ruined Hall,The Muses' garland crown its aged wall,And History's pen for after times recordIts consecration unto Freedom's God!

Words in this poem 36
barbaric a.
Of, or from, barbarian nations; foreign; -- often with reference to barbarous nations of east. [L. barbaricus foreign, barbaric, Gr. .]
appian a.
Of or pertaining to Appius. Appian Way, the great paved highway from ancient Rome trough Capua to Brundisium, now Brindisi, constructed partly by Appius Claudius, about 312 b. c. [L. Appius, Appianus.]
peal v. i.
To appeal. Spencer.
prayerful a.
Given to prayer; praying much or often; devotional.
abode n.
Act of waiting; delay. [OE. abad, abood, fr. abiden to abide. See Abide. For the change of vowel, cf. abode, imp. of abide.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
classic a.
Of or relating to the first class or rank, especially in literature or art. [L. classicus relating to the classes of the Roman people, and especially to the frist class; hence, of the first rank, superior, from classis class: cf. F. clas]
fane n.
A temple; a place consecrated to religion; a church. [L. fanum a place dedicated to some deity, a sanctuary, fr. fari to speak. See Fame.]
graced a.
Endowed with grace; beautiful; full of graces; honorable.
capitol
The temple of Jupiter, at Rome, on the Mona Capitolinus, where the Senate met. [L. capitolium, fr. caput head: cf. F. capitole. See Chief.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
bondman n.
A man slave, or one bound to service without wages. [Bond,a.orn.+ man.]
pantheon n.
A temple dedicated to all the gods; especially, the building so called at Rome. [L. pantheon, pantheum, Gr. panthéon. See Pan-, and Theism.]
imperious a.
Commanding; ascendant; imperial; lordly; majestic. [L. imperiosus: cf. F. impérieux. See Imperial.]
stricken p. p.
Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
forum n.
A market place or public place in Rome, where causes were judicially tried, and orations delivered to the people. [L.; akin to foris, foras, out of doors. See Foreign.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
chainless a.
Having no chain; not restrained or fettered.
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
delaware n.
An American grape, with compact bunches of small, amber-colored berries, sweet and of a good flavor.
amazement n.
The condition of being amazed; bewilderment ; overwhelming wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear, horror, or admiration.
penn v. t.
To write; to compose and commit to paper; to indite; to compose; as, to pen a sonnet.
armory n.
A place where arms and instruments of war are deposited for safe keeping. [OF. armaire, armarie, F. armoire, fr. L. armarium place for keeping arms; but confused with F. armoiries. See Armorial, Ambry.]
indignant a.
Affected with indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate; feeling wrath, as when a person is exasperated by unworthy or unjust treatment, by a mean action, or by a degrading accusation. [L. indignans, -antis, p. pr. of indignari to be indignant, disdain. See Indign.]
shook v. t.
To pack, as staves, in a shook.
olden a.
Old; ancient; as, the olden time.
woolman n.
One who deals in wool.
amidst prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
testimonial n.
A writing or certificate which bears testimony in favor of one's character, good conduct, ability, etc., or of the value of a thing. [Cf. OF. testimoniale, LL. testimonialis, L. testimoniales (sc. litteræ). See Testimonial, a.]
oppressor n.
One who oppresses; one who imposes unjust burdens on others; one who harasses others with unjust laws or unreasonable severity. [L.]
outcast a.
Cast out; degraded. [Cf. Sw. utkasta to cast out.]
lust v. i.
To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
sabine a.
Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines, a people of Italy. [L. Sabinus.]
blending n.
The act of mingling.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Pennsylvania Hall is in the public domain. This text is taken from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform, Complete Volume III of The Works of John Greenleaf Whittier, Project Gutenberg ebook #9580; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: John Greenleaf Whittier, Pennsylvania Hall, in Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform (1865), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9580, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whittier-anti-slavery/pennsylvania-hall.html, id L24856.

Form and metre

Pennsylvania Hall is 152 lines in 5 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 79% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%).

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCC oldA · goldA · bloodB · stoodB · sawC · lawC
  2. 2 AABBCCDDEE--FFGGHH--IIJJKK--LLMMNNOOPPQQRR gayA · wayA · romeB · homeB · highC · skyC · sincereD · hereD · hallE · wallE · abode · god · theseF · seasF · seenG · betweenG · hillH · willH · grove · love · gaveI · waveI · sideJ · prideJ · flungK · tongueK · forth · earth · cameL · flameL · hallsM · wallsM · woeN · flowN · domeO · romeO · slaveP · waveP · seatQ · beatQ · painR · chainR
  3. 3 --AABBCCDDEEFF--GGHHAAIIJJ given · heaven · mindA · unconfinedA · oldB · rolledB · yetC · metC · strifeD · lifeD · gameE · shameE · flowF · woeF · wrong · tongue · scaleG · assailG · wallH · allH · mindA · windA · aloneI · thrownI · mightJ · rightJ
  4. 4 AABBCCDDDD--EE--FFGG standA · bandA · pressB · wildernessB · sawC · lawC · menD · pennD · givenD · heavenD · wrong · tongue · borneE · scornE · first · dust · blastF · castF · banG · manG
  5. 5 AA--BBCCDDEE--FFGG----HH----IIIIIIJJKKLLMMNN--OOPPQQ--RR-- comeA · homeA · forth · earth · loveB · aboveB · mildC · childC · bandD · landD · vineE · rhineE · wood · god · gaveF · slaveF · downG · crownG · door · poor · faith · death · gainH · chainH · free · liberty · unawed · god · doneI · goneI · pineI · sabineI · givenI · heavenI · shadesJ · evergladesJ · soundK · unboundK · decayL · clayL · standM · landM · shrineN · palestineN · own · parthenon · taughtO · wroughtO · hourP · powerP · soulQ · coalQ · faith · death · hallR · wallR · record · god
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
NOT with the splendors of the days of old,10···/˘·····
The spoil of nations, and barbaric gold;10···/˘·˘/˘·
No weapons wrested from the fields of blood,10·/˘/˘·····
Where dark and stern the unyielding Roman stood,11·····˘/˘/˘·
And the proud eagles of his cohorts saw10···/˘··/˘·
A world, war-wasted, crouching to his law;10···/˘/˘···
Nor blazoned car, nor banners floating gay,10·····/˘/˘·
Like those which swept along the Appian Way,10····˘/·/˘·
When, to the welcome of imperial Rome,10···/˘·˘/˘·
The victor warrior came in triumph home,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And trumpet peal, and shoutings wild and high,10·/˘··/˘···
Stirred the blue quiet of the Italian sky;10···/··˘/˘·
But calm and grateful, prayerful and sincere,10···/˘/˘·˘/
As Christian freemen only, gathering here,10·/˘/˘/˘/˘·
We dedicate our fair and lofty Hall,10·/˘·/··/˘·
Pillar and arch, entablature and wall,10/˘··˘/˘˘··
As Virtue's shrine, as Liberty's abode,10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
Sacred to Freedom, and to Freedom's God10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Far statelier Halls, 'neath brighter skies than these,10······/···
Stood darkly mirrored in the AEgean seas,11·/˘/˘··˘/˘·
Pillar and shrine, and life-like statues seen,10/˘·····/··
Graceful and pure, the marble shafts between;10/˘···/˘···
Where glorious Athens from her rocky hill10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Saw Art and Beauty subject to her will;10···/˘/˘···
And the chaste temple, and the classic grove,10···/˘··/˘·
The hall of sages, and the bowers of love,10···/˘··/··
Arch, fane, and column, graced the shores, and gave10···/˘·····
Their shadows to the blue Saronic wave;10·/········
And statelier rose, on Tiber's winding side,10······//˘·
The Pantheon's dome, the Coliseum's pride,11·/˘····˘/˘·
The Capitol, whose arches backward flung10·/˘˘·/˘/˘·
The deep, clear cadence of the Roman tongue,10···/˘··/˘·
Whence stern decrees, like words of fate, went forth10··˘/······
To the awed nations of a conquered earth,10···/˘··/˘·
Where the proud Caesars in their glory came,10···/˘··/˘·
And Brutus lightened from his lips of flame!10·/˘/˘·····
Yet in the porches of Athena's halls,10···/˘·˘/˘·
And in the shadow of her stately walls,10···/···/˘·
Lurked the sad bondman, and his tears of woe10···/˘·····
Wet the cold marble with unheeded flow;10···/˘·˘/˘·
And fetters clanked beneath the silver dome10·/˘····/˘·
Of the proud Pantheon of imperious Rome.11···/˘··˘/˘·
Oh, not for hint, the chained and stricken slave,10·······/˘·
By Tiber's shore, or blue AEgina's wave,10·/˘·······
In the thronged forum, or the sages' seat,10···/˘··/˘·
The bold lip pleaded, and the warm heart beat;10···/˘·····
No soul of sorrow melted at his pain,10···/˘/˘···
No tear of pity rusted on his chain!10···/˘/˘···
But this fair Hall to Truth and Freedom given,11·······/˘/˘
Pledged to the Right before all Earth and Heaven,11·········/˘
A free arena for the strife of mind,10··˘/˘·····
To caste, or sect, or color unconfined,10·····/˘·˘/
Shall thrill with echoes such as ne'er of old10···/˘·····
From Roman hall or Grecian temple rolled;10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Thoughts shall find utterance such as never yet10···/˘˘··/·
The Propylea or the Forum met.9······/˘·
Beneath its roof no gladiator's strife10·····/˘·˘·
Shall win applauses with the waste of life;10··˘/˘·····
No lordly lictor urge the barbarous game,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
No wanton Lais glory in her shame.9·/˘·/˘···
But here the tear of sympathy shall flow,10·····/˘˘··
As the ear listens to the tale of woe;10···/˘·····
Here in stern judgment of the oppressor's wrong11···/˘··˘/˘·
Shall strong rebukings thrill on Freedom's tongue,10··˘/˘··/˘·
No partial justice hold th' unequal scale,10·/˘/˘·˘/˘·
No pride of caste a brother's rights assail,10·····/˘·˘/
No tyrant's mandates echo from this wall,10·/˘/·/˘···
Holy to Freedom and the Rights of All!10/˘·/˘·····
But a fair field, where mind may close with mind,10··········
Free as the sunshine and the chainless wind;10···/···/˘·
Where the high trust is fixed on Truth alone,10········˘/
And bonds and fetters from the soul are thrown;10···/˘·····
Where wealth, and rank, and worldly pomp, and might,10·····/˘···
Yield to the presence of the True and Right.10···/˘·····
And fitting is it that this Hall should stand10·/˘·······
Where Pennsylvania's Founder led his band,10··˘/˘/˘···
From thy blue waters, Delaware!--to press10···/˘/˘···
The virgin verdure of the wilderness.10·/˘/˘··/˘˘
Here, where all Europe with amazement saw10···/˘·˘/˘·
The soul's high freedom trammelled by no law;10···/˘/˘···
Here, where the fierce and warlike forest-men10·····/·/˘·
Gathered, in peace, around the home of Penn,10/˘········
Awed by the weapons Love alone had given11···/˘·˘/·/˘
Drawn from the holy armory of Heaven;11···/˘/˘˘·/˘
Where Nature's voice against the bondman's wrong10·/˘·······
First found an earnest and indignant tongue;10···/˘·˘/˘·
Where Lay's bold message to the proud was borne;10···/˘·····
And Keith's rebuke, and Franklin's manly scorn!10··˘/·/˘/˘·
Fitting it is that here, where Freedom first10/˘·····/˘·
From her fair feet shook off the Old World's dust,10··········
Spread her white pinions to our Western blast,10···/˘·//˘·
And her free tresses to our sunshine cast,10···/˘·//··
One Hall should rise redeemed from Slavery's ban,10····˘/·/˘·
One Temple sacred to the Rights of Man!10·/˘/˘·····
Oh! if the spirits of the parted come,10···/˘··/˘·
Visiting angels, to their olden home10/˘˘/˘··/˘·
If the dead fathers of the land look forth10···/˘·····
From their fair dwellings, to the things of earth,10···/˘·····
Is it a dream, that with their eyes of love,10··········
They gaze now on us from the bowers above?10·······/··
Lay's ardent soul, and Benezet the mild,10·/˘·······
Steadfast in faith, yet gentle as a child,10/····/˘···
Meek-hearted Woolman, and that brother-band,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
The sorrowing exiles from their "Father land,"10·/˘/···/˘·
Leaving their homes in Krieshiem's bowers of vine,10/˘·····/··
And the blue beauty of their glorious Rhine,10···/˘··/˘·
To seek amidst our solemn depths of wood10··˘///˘···
Freedom from man, and holy peace with God;10/˘···/˘···
Who first of all their testimonial gave10······˘/˘·
Against the oppressor, for the outcast slave,11···˘/˘··/··
Is it a dream that such as these look down,10··········
And with their blessing our rejoicings crown?10···/˘/˘/˘·
Let us rejoice, that while the pulpit's door10··˘/···/˘·
Is barred against the pleaders for the poor;10··········
While the Church, wrangling upon points of faith,10···/˘·····
Forgets her bondmen suffering unto death;10˘/···/˘···
While crafty Traffic and the lust of Gain10·/˘/˘·····
Unite to forge Oppression's triple chain,10/···˘/˘/˘·
One door is open, and one Temple free,10···/˘··/˘·
As a resting-place for hunted Liberty!11··/˘··/˘/˘˘
Where men may speak, unshackled and unawed,10····˘/˘···
High words of Truth, for Freedom and for God.10·····/˘···
And when that truth its perfect work hath done,10·····˘/···
And rich with blessings o'er our land hath gone;10···/˘·/···
When not a slave beneath his yoke shall pine,10··········
From broad Potomac to the far Sabine10··˘/˘···˘/
When unto angel lips at last is given11···/˘····/˘
The silver trump of Jubilee in Heaven;11·/˘··/˘··/˘
And from Virginia's plains, Kentucky's shades,10··˘/˘·˘/˘·
And through the dim Floridian everglades,10····˘/˘/˘·
Rises, to meet that angel-trumpet's sound,10/˘···/˘/˘·
The voice of millions from their chains unbound;10···/˘···˘/
Then, though this Hall be crumbling in decay,10·····/˘·˘/
Its strong walls blending with the common clay,10···/˘··/˘·
Yet, round the ruins of its strength shall stand10···/˘·····
The best and noblest of a ransomed land--10···/˘··/˘·
Pilgrims, like these who throng around the shrine10/˘········
Of Mecca, or of holy Palestine!10·/˘··/˘/˘·
A prouder glory shall that ruin own10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Than that which lingers round the Parthenon.10···/˘··/˘·
Here shall the child of after years be taught10··········
The works of Freedom which his fathers wrought;10···/˘··/˘·
Told of the trials of the present hour,11···/˘··/˘/˘
Our weary strife with prejudice and power;11//˘··/˘˘·/˘
How the high errand quickened woman's soul,10···/˘/˘/˘·
And touched her lip as with a living coal;10·······/˘·
How Freedom's martyrs kept their lofty faith10·/˘/˘··/˘·
True and unwavering, unto bonds and death;10··˘/˘·····
The pencil's art shall sketch the ruined Hall,10·/˘····/˘·
The Muses' garland crown its aged wall,9·/˘/˘····
And History's pen for after times record10·/˘·····˘/
Its consecration unto Freedom's God!10··˘/˘··/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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