The Singer in the Prison
O sight of pity, shame and dole!O fearful thought--a convict soul.
Rang the refrain along the hall, the prison,Rose to the roof, the vaults of heaven above,Pouring in floods of melody in tones so pensive sweet and strong thelike whereof was never heard,Reaching the far-off sentry and the armed guards, who ceas’d their pacing,Making the hearer’s pulses stop for ecstasy and awe.
The sun was low in the west one winter day,When down a narrow aisle amid the thieves and outlaws of the land,(There by the hundreds seated, sear-faced murderers, wily counterfeiters,Gather’d to Sunday church in prison walls, the keepers round,Plenteous, well-armed, watching with vigilant eyes,)Calmly a lady walk’d holding a little innocent child by either hand,Whom seating on their stools beside her on the platform,She, first preluding with the instrument a low and musical prelude,In voice surpassing all, sang forth a quaint old hymn.
A soul confined by bars and bands,Cries, help! O help! and wrings her hands,Blinded her eyes, bleeding her breast,Nor pardon finds, nor balm of rest.
Ceaseless she paces to and fro,O heart-sick days! O nights of woe!Nor hand of friend, nor loving face,Nor favor comes, nor word of grace.
It was not I that sinn’d the sin,The ruthless body dragg’d me in;Though long I strove courageously,The body was too much for me.
Dear prison’d soul bear up a space,For soon or late the certain grace;To set thee free and bear thee home,The heavenly pardoner death shall come.
Convict no more, nor shame, nor dole!Depart--a God-enfranchis’d soul!
The singer ceas’d,One glance swept from her clear calm eyes o’er all those upturn’d faces,Strange sea of prison faces, a thousand varied, crafty, brutal,seam’d and beauteous faces,Then rising, passing back along the narrow aisle between them,While her gown touch’d them rustling in the silence,She vanish’d with her children in the dusk.
While upon all, convicts and armed keepers ere they stirr’d,(Convict forgetting prison, keeper his loaded pistol,)A hush and pause fell down a wondrous minute,With deep half-stifled sobs and sound of bad men bow’d and moved to weeping,And youth’s convulsive breathings, memories of home,The mother’s voice in lullaby, the sister’s care, the happy childhood,The long-pent spirit rous’d to reminiscence;A wondrous minute then--but after in the solitary night, to many,many there,Years after, even in the hour of death, the sad refrain, the tune,the voice, the words,Resumed, the large calm lady walks the narrow aisle,The wailing melody again, the singer in the prison sings,
O sight of pity, shame and dole!O fearful thought--a convict soul.
Words in this poem 16
- whereof adv.
- Of which; of whom; formerly, also, with which; -- used relatively.
- amid prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- seating n.
- The act of providong with a seat or seats; as, the seating of an audience.
- quaint a.
- Prudent; wise; hence, crafty; artful; wily. [OE. queint, queynte, coint, prudent, wise, cunning, pretty, odd, OF. cointe cultivated, amiable, agreeable, neat, fr. L. cognitus known, p. p. of cognoscere to ]
- ceaseless a.
- Without pause or end; incessant.
- ruthless a.
- Having no ruth; cruel; pitiless.
- courageously adv.
- In a courageous manner.
- pardoner n.
- One who pardons.
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- depart v. i.
- To part; to divide; to separate. [OE. departen to divide, part, depart, F. départir to divide, distribute, se départir to separate one's self, depart; pref. dé- (L. de) + partir to part, depart,]
- beauteous a.
- Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] -- Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
- wondrous adv.
- In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]
- lullaby n.
- A song to quiet babes or lull them to sleep; that which quiets. [From Lull, v. t.]
- childhood n.
- The state of being a child; the time in which persons are children; the condition or time from infancy to puberty. [AS. cildhad; cild child + -had. See Child, and hood.]
- pent p. p.
- Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up. [From Pen, v. t.]
- reminiscence n.
- The act or power of recalling past experience; the state of being reminiscent; remembrance; memory. [F. réminiscence, L. reminiscentia.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Singer in the Prison is in the public domain. This text is taken from Leaves of Grass, Project Gutenberg ebook #1322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Walt Whitman, The Singer in the Prison, in Leaves of Grass (1855–1892), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whitman-leaves/the-singer-in-the-prison.html, id L03990.
Form and metre
The Singer in the Prison is 57 lines in 11 stanzas. The commonest rhyme scheme is AABB, in 3 of the 11 stanzas; the rest vary or could not be confirmed. 89% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 11.1 syllables. 13 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AA doleA · soulA
- 3 -AB-BA--- day · landA · counterfeitersB · round · eyesB · handA · platform · prelude · hymn
- 4 AABB bandsA · handsA · breastB · restB
- 5 AABB froA · woeA · faceB · graceB
- 6 AA-- sinA · inA · courageously · me
- 7 AABB spaceA · graceA · homeB · comeB
- 8 AA doleA · soulA
- 9 -A-A--- ceas'd · facesA · brutal · facesA · them · silence · dusk
- 11 AA doleA · soulA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| O sight of pity, shame and dole! | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| O fearful thought--a convict soul. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Rang the refrain along the hall, the prison, | 11 | ··˘/˘/···/˘ |
| Rose to the roof, the vaults of heaven above, | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| Pouring in floods of melody in tones so pensive sweet and strong the | 17 | /˘···/˘˘···/˘···· |
| like whereof was never heard, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Reaching the far-off sentry and the armed guards, who ceas’d their pacing, | 16 | /˘···/˘·······/˘ |
| Making the hearer’s pulses stop for ecstasy and awe. | 14 | /˘·/˘/˘··/˘˘·· |
| The sun was low in the west one winter day, | 11 | ········/˘· |
| When down a narrow aisle amid the thieves and outlaws of the land, | 16 | ···/˘·˘/···/···· |
| (There by the hundreds seated, sear-faced murderers, wily counterfeiters, | 18 | ···/˘/˘··/˘˘/˘/˘·˘ |
| Gather’d to Sunday church in prison walls, the keepers round, | 14 | /˘·/···/˘··/˘· |
| Plenteous, well-armed, watching with vigilant eyes,) | 12 | /˘˘··/˘·/˘˘· |
| Calmly a lady walk’d holding a little innocent child by either hand, | 19 | /˘·/˘·/˘·/˘/˘˘··/˘· |
| Whom seating on their stools beside her on the platform, | 13 | ·/˘···˘/···/· |
| She, first preluding with the instrument a low and musical prelude, | 18 | ··/·˘··/˘˘···/˘˘/· |
| In voice surpassing all, sang forth a quaint old hymn. | 12 | ··˘/˘······· |
| A soul confined by bars and bands, | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| Cries, help! O help! and wrings her hands, | 8 | ········ |
| Blinded her eyes, bleeding her breast, | 8 | /˘··/˘·· |
| Nor pardon finds, nor balm of rest. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Ceaseless she paces to and fro, | 8 | /˘·/˘··· |
| O heart-sick days! O nights of woe! | 8 | ········ |
| Nor hand of friend, nor loving face, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Nor favor comes, nor word of grace. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| It was not I that sinn’d the sin, | 8 | ········ |
| The ruthless body dragg’d me in; | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Though long I strove courageously, | 8 | ····˘/˘˘ |
| The body was too much for me. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Dear prison’d soul bear up a space, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| For soon or late the certain grace; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| To set thee free and bear thee home, | 8 | ········ |
| The heavenly pardoner death shall come. | 10 | ·/˘˘/˘˘··· |
| Convict no more, nor shame, nor dole! | 8 | /˘······ |
| Depart--a God-enfranchis’d soul! | 8 | ˘/··˘/·· |
| The singer ceas’d, | 4 | ·/˘· |
| One glance swept from her clear calm eyes o’er all those upturn’d faces, | 15 | ·············/˘ |
| Strange sea of prison faces, a thousand varied, crafty, brutal, | 16 | ···/˘/˘·/˘/˘/˘/˘ |
| seam’d and beauteous faces, | 7 | ··/˘˘/˘ |
| Then rising, passing back along the narrow aisle between them, | 15 | ·/˘/˘·˘/·/˘···· |
| While her gown touch’d them rustling in the silence, | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| She vanish’d with her children in the dusk. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| While upon all, convicts and armed keepers ere they stirr’d, | 13 | ····/˘··/˘··· |
| (Convict forgetting prison, keeper his loaded pistol,) | 14 | /˘˘/˘/˘/˘·/˘/˘ |
| A hush and pause fell down a wondrous minute, | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| With deep half-stifled sobs and sound of bad men bow’d and moved to weeping, | 17 | ···/˘··········/˘ |
| And youth’s convulsive breathings, memories of home, | 12 | ··˘/˘/˘/˘˘·· |
| The mother’s voice in lullaby, the sister’s care, the happy childhood, | 17 | ·/˘··/˘··/˘··/˘/· |
| The long-pent spirit rous’d to reminiscence; | 11 | ···/˘···˘/˘ |
| A wondrous minute then--but after in the solitary night, to many, | 19 | ·/˘/˘······/˘·˘··/˘ |
| many there, | 3 | /˘· |
| Years after, even in the hour of death, the sad refrain, the tune, | 17 | ···/˘··/˘····˘/·· |
| the voice, the words, | 4 | ···· |
| Resumed, the large calm lady walks the narrow aisle, | 12 | ˘/···/˘··/˘· |
| The wailing melody again, the singer in the prison sings, | 16 | ·/˘/˘˘˘/·/˘··/˘· |
| O sight of pity, shame and dole! | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| O fearful thought--a convict soul. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.