Releasing a Migrant “Yen” (Wild Goose)

Various (about 800), translated by Arthur Waley · 1918

iambic tetrameter · 28 lines · from A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems

At Nine Rivers, in the tenth year, in winter,--heavy snow;The river-water covered with ice and the forests broken with theirload.The birds of the air, hungry and cold, went flying east and west;And with them flew a migrant “yen,” loudly clamouring for food.Among the snow it pecked for grass; and rested on the surface of theice:It tried with its wings to scale the sky; but its tired flight wasslow.The boys of the river spread a net and caught the bird as it flew;They took it in their hands to the city-market and sold it therealive.I that was once a man of the North am now an exile here:Bird and man, in their different kind, are each strangers in thesouth.And because the sight of an exiled bird wounded an exile’s heart,I paid your ransom and set you free, and you flew away to the clouds.Of all things I bid you, do not fly to the land of the north-westIn Huai-hsi there are rebel bands that have not been subdued;And a thousand thousand armoured men have long been camped in war.The official army and the rebel army have grown old in their oppositetrenches;The soldier’s rations have grown so small, they’ll be glad of evenyou.The brave boys, in their hungry plight, will shoot you and eat yourflesh;They will pluck from your body those long feathers and make them intoarrow-wings!

Words in this poem

went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
migrant a.
Migratory. Sir T. Browne. [L. migrans, p. pr. of migrare. See Migrate.]
rebel a.
Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops. [F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. t.]
armoured a.
Clad with armor.
plight v. t.
To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait. [OE. pliten; probably through Old French, fr. LL. plectare, L. plectere. See Plait, Ply.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Releasing a Migrant “Yen” (Wild Goose) is in the public domain. This text is taken from A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #42290, the Arthur Waley translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Various, Releasing a Migrant “Yen” (Wild Goose), in A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #42290, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/waley-chinese/releasing-a-migrant-yen-wild-goose.html, id L18843.

Form and metre

Releasing a Migrant “Yen” (Wild Goose) is 28 lines in a single stanza. 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 11.1 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 36% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AB-CDE--AFB-BE---CDG---FG-E- snowA · theirB · load · westC · foodD · theE · ice · was · slowA · flewF · thereB · alive · hereB · theE · south · heart · clouds · westC · subduedD · warG · opposite · trenches · even · youF · yourG · flesh · intoE · wings
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
At Nine Rivers, in the tenth year, in winter,--heavy snow;14··/˘·····/˘/˘·
The river-water covered with ice and the forests broken with their17·/˘/˘/˘····/˘/˘··
load.1·
The birds of the air, hungry and cold, went flying east and west;15·····/˘···/˘···
And with them flew a migrant “yen,” loudly clamouring for food.15·····/˘·/˘/˘˘··
Among the snow it pecked for grass; and rested on the surface of the17·········/˘··/˘··
ice:1·
It tried with its wings to scale the sky; but its tired flight was15···········/˘··
slow.1·
The boys of the river spread a net and caught the bird as it flew;16····/˘··········
They took it in their hands to the city-market and sold it there16········/˘/˘····
alive.2˘/
I that was once a man of the North am now an exile here:15············/··
Bird and man, in their different kind, are each strangers in the15·····/˘˘···/˘··
south.1·
And because the sight of an exiled bird wounded an exile’s heart,16·······/··/˘·/··
I paid your ransom and set you free, and you flew away to the clouds.17···/˘·······˘/···
Of all things I bid you, do not fly to the land of the north-west16················
In Huai-hsi there are rebel bands that have not been subdued;14·····/˘·····˘/
And a thousand thousand armoured men have long been camped in war.15··/˘/˘/˘·······
The official army and the rebel army have grown old in their opposite20·˘/˘/˘··/˘/˘·····/˘˘
trenches;2
The soldier’s rations have grown so small, they’ll be glad of even15·/˘/˘········/˘
you.1·
The brave boys, in their hungry plight, will shoot you and eat your14·····/˘·······
flesh;1·
They will pluck from your body those long feathers and make them into16·····/˘··/˘·····
arrow-wings!3/˘·
Notes from the edition 4

Arthur Waley's notes to A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918; Project Gutenberg #42290).

  1. Line 1 Kiukiang, the poet’s place of exile.
  2. Line 1 A.D. 815. His first winter at Kiukiang.
  3. Line 3 By the weight of snow.
  4. Line 19 The revolt of Wu Yüan-chi.

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