Horace, Epist. I, vii: Imitation of Horace, to Lord Oxford, A.D. 1713

Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) · 1710–1745

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 138 lines · from Cadenus and Vanessa, and Other Poems

Harley, the nation's great support,Returning home one day from court,His mind with public cares possest,All Europe's business in his breast,Observed a parson near Whitehall,Cheap'ning old authors on a stall.The priest was pretty well in case,And show'd some humour in his face;Look'd with an easy, careless mien,A perfect stranger to the spleen;Of size that might a pulpit fill,But more inclining to sit still.My lord, (who, if a man may say't,Loves mischief better than his meat),Was now disposed to crack a jestAnd bid friend Lewis go in quest.(This Lewis was a cunning shaver,And very much in Harley's favour)--In quest who might this parson be,What was his name, of what degree;If possible, to learn his story,And whether he were Whig or Tory.Lewis his patron's humour knows;Away upon his errand goes,And quickly did the matter sift;Found out that it was Doctor Swift,A clergyman of special noteFor shunning those of his own coat;Which made his brethren of the gownTake care betimes to run him down:No libertine, nor over nice,Addicted to no sort of vice;Went where he pleas'd, said what he thought;Not rich, but owed no man a groat;In state opinions à la mode,He hated Wharton like a toad;Had given the faction many a wound,And libell'd all the junto round;Kept company with men of wit,Who often father'd what he writ:His works were hawk'd in ev'ry street,But seldom rose above a sheet:Of late, indeed, the paper-stampDid very much his genius cramp;And, since he could not spend his fire,He now intended to retire.Said Harley, "I desire to knowFrom his own mouth, if this be so:Step to the doctor straight, and say,I'd have him dine with me to-day."Swift seem'd to wonder what he meant,Nor could believe my lord had sent;So never offer'd once to stir,But coldly said, "Your servant, sir!""Does he refuse me?" Harley cry'd:"He does; with insolence and pride."Some few days after, Harley spiesThe doctor fasten'd by the eyesAt Charing-cross, among the rout,Where painted monsters are hung out:He pull'd the string, and stopt his coach,Beck'ning the doctor to approach.Swift, who could neither fly nor hide,Came sneaking to the chariot side,And offer'd many a lame excuse:He never meant the least abuse--"My lord--the honour you design'd--Extremely proud--but I had dined--I am sure I never should neglect--No man alive has more respect"--Well, I shall think of that no more,If you'll be sure to come at four."The doctor now obeys the summons,Likes both his company and commons;Displays his talent, sits till ten;Next day invited, comes again;Soon grows domestic, seldom fails,Either at morning or at meals;Came early, and departed late;In short, the gudgeon took the bait.My lord would carry on the jest,And down to Windsor takes his guest.Swift much admires the place and air,And longs to be a Canon there;In summer round the Park to ride,In winter--never to reside.A Canon!--that's a place too mean:No, doctor, you shall be a Dean;Two dozen canons round your stall,And you the tyrant o'er them all:You need but cross the Irish seas,To live in plenty, power, and ease.Poor Swift departed, and, what's worse,With borrow'd money in his purse,Travels at least a hundred leagues,And suffers numberless fatigues.Suppose him now a dean complete,Demurely lolling in his seat,And silver verge, with decent pride,Stuck underneath his cushion side.Suppose him gone through all vexations,Patents, instalments, abjurations,First-fruits, and tenths, and chapter-treats;Dues, payments, fees, demands, and cheats.(The wicked laity’s contrivingTo hinder clergymen from thriving.)Now all the doctor's money’s spent,His tenants wrong him in his rent,The farmers spitefully combine,Force him to take his tithes in kine,And Parvisol discounts arrearsBy bills, for taxes and repairs.Poor Swift, with all his losses vex'd,Not knowing where to turn him next,Above a thousand pounds in debt,Takes horse, and in a mighty fretRides day and night at such a rate,He soon arrives at Harley's gate;But was so dirty, pale, and thin,Old Read would hardly let him in.Said Harley, "Welcome, rev'rend dean!What makes your worship look so lean?Why, sure you won't appear in townIn that old wig and rusty gown?I doubt your heart is set on pelfSo much that you neglect yourself.What! I suppose, now stocks are high,You've some good purchase in your eye?Or is your money out at use?"--"Truce, good my lord, I beg a truce!"The doctor in a passion cry'd,"Your raillery is misapply'd;Experience I have dearly bought;You know I am not worth a groat:But you resolved to have your jest,And 'twas a folly to contest;Then, since you now have done your worst,Pray leave me where you found me first."

Words in this poem 19
humour n.
Moisture, especially, the moisture or fluid of animal bodies, as the chyle, lymph, etc.; as, the humors of the eye, etc. [OE. humour, OF. humor, umor, F. humeur, L. humor, umor, moisture, fluid, fr. humere, umere, to be moist. See Humid.]
jest n.
A deed; an action; a gest. [OE. jeste, geste, deed, action, story, tale, OF. geste, LL. gesta, orig., exploits, neut. pl. from L. gestus, p. p. of gerere to bear, carry, accomplish, perfor]
shaver n.
One who shaves; one whose occupation is to shave.
favour n.
Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
betimes adv.
In good season or time; before it is late; seasonably; early. [Pref. be- (for by) + time; that is, by the proper time. The -s is an adverbial ending.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
groat n.
An old English silver coin, equal to four pence. [LG. grote, orig., great, that is, a great piece of coin, larger than other coins in former use. See Great.]
junto n.
A secret council to deliberate on affairs of government or politics; a number of men combined for party intrigue; a faction; a cabal; as, a junto of ministers; a junto of politicians. [Sp. junto united. See Junta.]
dine v. i.
To eat the principal regular meal of the day; to take dinner. [F. dîner, OF. disner, LL. disnare, contr. fr. an assumed disjunare; dis- + an assumed junare (OF. juner) to fast, for L. jejunare, fr. jejunus fasting. See Jeju]
coldly adv.
In a cold manner; without warmth, animation, or feeling; with indifference; calmly.
insolence n.
The quality of being unusual or novel. [F. insolence, L. insolentia. See Insolent.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
commons n.
The mass of the people, as distinguished from the titled chasses or nobility; the commonalty; the common people. [Eng.]
gudgeon n.
A small European freshwater fish (Gobio fluviatilis), allied to the carp. It is easily caught and often used for food and for bait. [OE. gojon, F. goujon, from L. gobio, or gob, Gr. 1st Goby.]
windsor n.
A town in Berkshire, England. Windsor bean. (Bot.) See under Bean.
numberless a.
Innumerable; countless.
demurely adv.
In a demure manner; soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with a mere show of gravity or modesty.
pelf n.
Money; riches; lucre; gain; -- generally conveying the idea of something ill-gotten or worthless. It has no plural. [OE. pelfir booty, OF. pelfre, akin to pelfrer to plunder, and perh. to E. pillage. Cf. Pilfer.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Horace, Epist. I, vii: Imitation of Horace, to Lord Oxford, A.D. 1713 is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #13621; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jonathan Swift, Horace, Epist. I, vii: Imitation of Horace, to Lord Oxford, A.D. 1713, in Cadenus and Vanessa, and Other Poems (1710–1745), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #13621, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems/horace-epist-i-vii-imitation-of-horace-to-lord-oxford-a-d-1713.html, id L25684.

Form and metre

Horace, Epist. I, vii: Imitation of Horace, to Lord Oxford, A.D. 1713 is 138 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 87% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFF--GGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOO--PPQQRRSSTT--UUVVWWXX--YYZZaabbccddeeff--gg--hhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvv----wwxxyyzzzzzzAABBCCDD--EEEE supportA · courtA · possestB · breastB · whitehallC · stallC · caseD · faceD · mienE · spleenE · fillF · stillF · say't · meat · jestG · questG · shaverH · favourH · beI · degreeI · storyJ · toryJ · knowsK · goesK · siftL · swiftL · noteM · coatM · gownN · downN · niceO · viceO · thought · groat · modeP · toadP · woundQ · roundQ · witR · writR · streetS · sheetS · stampT · crampT · fire · retire · knowU · soU · sayV · dayV · meantW · sentW · stirX · sirX · cry'd · pride · spiesY · eyesY · routZ · outZ · coacha · approacha · hideb · sideb · excusec · abusec · design'dd · dinedd · neglecte · respecte · moref · fourf · summons · commons · teng · againg · fails · meals · lateh · baith · jesti · guesti · airj · therej · ridek · residek · meanl · deanl · stallm · allm · seasn · easen · worseo · purseo · leaguesp · fatiguesp · completeq · seatq · prider · sider · vexationss · abjurationss · treatst · cheatst · contrivingu · thrivingu · spentv · rentv · combine · kine · arrears · repairs · vex'dw · nextw · debtx · fretx · ratey · gatey · thinz · inz · deanz · leanz · townz · gownz · pelfA · yourselfA · highB · eyeB · useC · truceC · cry'dD · misapply'dD · bought · groat · jestE · contestE · worstE · firstE
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Harley, the nation's great support,8/˘·/˘·˘/
Returning home one day from court,8˘/˘·····
His mind with public cares possest,8···/˘·/˘
All Europe's business in his breast,8·/˘/˘···
Observed a parson near Whitehall,8˘/·/˘·/·
Cheap'ning old authors on a stall.8···/˘···
The priest was pretty well in case,8···/˘···
And show'd some humour in his face;8···/˘···
Look'd with an easy, careless mien,8···/˘/˘·
A perfect stranger to the spleen;8·/·/˘···
Of size that might a pulpit fill,8·····/˘·
But more inclining to sit still.8··˘/˘···
My lord, (who, if a man may say't,8········
Loves mischief better than his meat),8·/˘/˘···
Was now disposed to crack a jest8··˘/····
And bid friend Lewis go in quest.8···/˘···
(This Lewis was a cunning shaver,9·/˘··/˘/˘
And very much in Harley's favour)--9·/˘··/˘/˘
In quest who might this parson be,8·····/˘·
What was his name, of what degree;8······˘/
If possible, to learn his story,9·/˘˘···/˘
And whether he were Whig or Tory.9·······/˘
Lewis his patron's humour knows;8/˘·/˘/˘·
Away upon his errand goes,8˘/···/˘·
And quickly did the matter sift;8·/˘··/˘·
Found out that it was Doctor Swift,8·····/˘·
A clergyman of special note8·/˘··/˘·
For shunning those of his own coat;8·/˘·····
Which made his brethren of the gown8···/˘···
Take care betimes to run him down:8········
No libertine, nor over nice,8·/˘·····
Addicted to no sort of vice;8˘/˘·····
Went where he pleas'd, said what he thought;8········
Not rich, but owed no man a groat;8········
In state opinions à la mode,7··˘/˘··
He hated Wharton like a toad;8·/˘/˘···
Had given the faction many a wound,8·/·/˘/··
And libell'd all the junto round;8·····/˘·
Kept company with men of wit,8·/˘˘····
Who often father'd what he writ:8·/˘/˘···
His works were hawk'd in ev'ry street,8········
But seldom rose above a sheet:8·/˘·····
Of late, indeed, the paper-stamp8··˘/·/˘·
Did very much his genius cramp;8·/˘··/˘·
And, since he could not spend his fire,9·······/˘
He now intended to retire.8··˘/˘·˘/
Said Harley, "I desire to know8·/˘·˘/··
From his own mouth, if this be so:8········
Step to the doctor straight, and say,8···/˘···
I'd have him dine with me to-day."8········
Swift seem'd to wonder what he meant,8···/˘···
Nor could believe my lord had sent;8··˘/····
So never offer'd once to stir,8·/˘/˘···
But coldly said, "Your servant, sir!"8·/˘··/˘·
"Does he refuse me?" Harley cry'd:8··˘/·/˘·
"He does; with insolence and pride."8···/˘˘··
Some few days after, Harley spies8·····/˘·
The doctor fasten'd by the eyes8·/˘/˘···
At Charing-cross, among the rout,8·/˘·····
Where painted monsters are hung out:8·/˘/˘···
He pull'd the string, and stopt his coach,8········
Beck'ning the doctor to approach.8···/˘·˘/
Swift, who could neither fly nor hide,8···/˘···
Came sneaking to the chariot side,8·/˘··/˘·
And offer'd many a lame excuse:8·/˘/··˘/
He never meant the least abuse--8·/˘···˘/
"My lord--the honour you design'd--8···/˘·˘/
Extremely proud--but I had dined--8˘/˘·····
I am sure I never should neglect--8····/·˘/
No man alive has more respect"--8··˘/··˘/
Well, I shall think of that no more,8········
If you'll be sure to come at four."8········
The doctor now obeys the summons,9·/˘·˘/·/˘
Likes both his company and commons;9···/˘˘·/˘
Displays his talent, sits till ten;8˘/·/˘···
Next day invited, comes again;8··˘/˘·˘/
Soon grows domestic, seldom fails,8··˘/˘/˘·
Either at morning or at meals;8/˘·/˘···
Came early, and departed late;8·/˘·˘/˘·
In short, the gudgeon took the bait.8···/˘···
My lord would carry on the jest,8···/˘···
And down to Windsor takes his guest.8···/˘···
Swift much admires the place and air,8··˘/····
And longs to be a Canon there;8·····/˘·
In summer round the Park to ride,8·/˘·····
In winter--never to reside.8·/˘/˘·˘/
A Canon!--that's a place too mean:8·/˘·····
No, doctor, you shall be a Dean;8·/˘·····
Two dozen canons round your stall,8·/˘/˘···
And you the tyrant o'er them all:8···/˘···
You need but cross the Irish seas,8·····/˘·
To live in plenty, power, and ease.8···/˘/··
Poor Swift departed, and, what's worse,8··˘/˘···
With borrow'd money in his purse,8·/·/˘···
Travels at least a hundred leagues,8/˘···/˘·
And suffers numberless fatigues.8·/˘/˘˘˘/
Suppose him now a dean complete,8˘/····˘/
Demurely lolling in his seat,8˘/˘/˘···
And silver verge, with decent pride,8·/˘··/˘·
Stuck underneath his cushion side.8··˘/·/˘·
Suppose him gone through all vexations,9˘/·······
Patents, instalments, abjurations,9/˘·······
First-fruits, and tenths, and chapter-treats;8·····/˘·
Dues, payments, fees, demands, and cheats.8·/˘·˘/··
(The wicked laity’s contriving9·/˘/˘˘˘/˘
To hinder clergymen from thriving.)9·/˘/˘··/˘
Now all the doctor's money’s spent,8···/˘/˘·
His tenants wrong him in his rent,8·/˘·····
The farmers spitefully combine,9·/˘····/˘
Force him to take his tithes in kine,8········
And Parvisol discounts arrears8····˘/˘/
By bills, for taxes and repairs.8···/˘·˘/
Poor Swift, with all his losses vex'd,8·····/˘·
Not knowing where to turn him next,8·/˘·····
Above a thousand pounds in debt,8···/˘···
Takes horse, and in a mighty fret8·····/˘·
Rides day and night at such a rate,8········
He soon arrives at Harley's gate;8··˘/·/˘·
But was so dirty, pale, and thin,8···/˘···
Old Read would hardly let him in.8···/˘···
Said Harley, "Welcome, rev'rend dean!8·/˘/˘···
What makes your worship look so lean?8···/˘···
Why, sure you won't appear in town8····˘/··
In that old wig and rusty gown?8·····/˘·
I doubt your heart is set on pelf8········
So much that you neglect yourself.8····˘/˘/
What! I suppose, now stocks are high,8··˘/····
You've some good purchase in your eye?8···/˘···
Or is your money out at use?"--8···/˘···
"Truce, good my lord, I beg a truce!"8········
The doctor in a passion cry'd,8·/˘··/˘·
"Your raillery is misapply'd;8·/˘˘····
Experience I have dearly bought;8˘/˘··/˘·
You know I am not worth a groat:8········
But you resolved to have your jest,8··˘/····
And 'twas a folly to contest;8···/˘·˘/
Then, since you now have done your worst,8········
Pray leave me where you found me first."8········
Notes from the edition 10

The notes to the Poems of Jonathan Swift, Volume II (Project Gutenberg #13621).

  1. Line 16 Erasmus Lewis, Esq., the treasurer's secretary.
  2. Line 30 By time.--Stella.
  3. Line 46 Is now contented,--Stella.
  4. Line 61 The.--Stella.
  5. Line 63 Would.--Stella.
  6. Line 64 By.--Stella.
  7. Line 98 "Devoutly" is the word in Stella's transcript: but it must be admitted that "demurely" is more in keeping.--Forster.
  8. Line 111 The Dean's agent, a Frenchman.
  9. Line 120 The lord treasurer's porter.
  10. Line 133 I have experience.--Stella.

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