The Elephant; Or, the Parliament Man

Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) · 1727

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 34 lines · from On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems

Ere bribes convince you whom to choose,The precepts of Lord Coke peruse.Observe an elephant, says he,And let him like your member be:First take a man that's free from Gaul,For elephants have none at all;In flocks or parties he must keep;For elephants live just like sheep.Stubborn in honour he must be;For elephants ne'er bend the knee.Last, let his memory be sound,In which your elephant's profound;That old examples from the wiseMay prompt him in his noes and ayes.Thus the Lord Coke hath gravely writ,In all the form of lawyer's wit:And then, with Latin and all that,Shows the comparison is pat.Yet in some points my lord is wrong,One's teeth are sold, and t'other's tongue:Now, men of parliament, God knows,Are more like elephants of shows;Whose docile memory and senseAre turn'd to trick, to gather pence;To get their master half-a-crown,They spread the flag, or lay it down:Those who bore bulwarks on their backs,And guarded nations from attacks,Now practise every pliant gesture,Opening their trunk for every tester.Siam, for elephants so famed,Is not with England to be named:Their elephants by men are sold;Ours sell themselves, and take the gold.

Words in this poem

convince v. t.
To overpower; to overcome; to subdue or master. [L. convincere, -victum, to refute, prove; con- + vincere to conquer. See Victor, and cf. Convict.]
peruse v. t.
To observe; to examine with care. [Pref. per- + use.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
gravely adv.
In a grave manner.
parliament n.
A parleying; a discussion; a conference. [OE. parlement, F. parlement, fr. parler to speak; cf. LL. parlamentum, parliamentum. See Parley.]
docile a.
Teachable; easy to teach; docible. [L. docilis,fr. docere to teach; cf. Gr. discere to learn, Gr. docile. Cf. Doctor, Didactic, Disciple.]
backs n.
Among leather dealers, the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.
tester n.
A headpiece; a helmet. [OE. testere a headpiece, helmet, OF. testiere, F. têtière a head covering, fr. OF. teste the head, F. tête, fr. L. testa an earthen pot, the skull. See Test a c]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Elephant; Or, the Parliament Man is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #14353; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jonathan Swift, The Elephant; Or, the Parliament Man, in On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems (1727), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14353, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems-vol1/the-elephant-or-the-parliament-man.html, id L24541.

Form and metre

The Elephant; Or, the Parliament Man is 34 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 88% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 84%).

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHII--JJKKLLMM--NNOO chooseA · peruseA · heB · beB · gaulC · allC · keepD · sheepD · beE · kneeE · soundF · profoundF · wiseG · ayesG · writH · witH · thatI · patI · wrong · tongue · knowsJ · showsJ · senseK · penceK · crownL · downL · backsM · attacksM · gesture · tester · famedN · namedN · soldO · goldO
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Ere bribes convince you whom to choose,8··˘/····
The precepts of Lord Coke peruse.8·/····˘/
Observe an elephant, says he,8˘/·/˘˘··
And let him like your member be:8·····/˘·
First take a man that's free from Gaul,8········
For elephants have none at all;8·/˘˘····
In flocks or parties he must keep;8···/˘···
For elephants live just like sheep.8·/˘˘····
Stubborn in honour he must be;8/˘·/˘···
For elephants ne'er bend the knee.8·/˘˘····
Last, let his memory be sound,8···/˘˘··
In which your elephant's profound;8···/˘˘˘/
That old examples from the wise8··˘/˘···
May prompt him in his noes and ayes.8········
Thus the Lord Coke hath gravely writ,8·····/˘·
In all the form of lawyer's wit:8·····/˘·
And then, with Latin and all that,8···/˘···
Shows the comparison is pat.8··˘/˘˘··
Yet in some points my lord is wrong,8········
One's teeth are sold, and t'other's tongue:8········
Now, men of parliament, God knows,8···/˘˘··
Are more like elephants of shows;8···/˘˘··
Whose docile memory and sense8·/˘/˘˘··
Are turn'd to trick, to gather pence;8·····/˘·
To get their master half-a-crown,8···/˘···
They spread the flag, or lay it down:8········
Those who bore bulwarks on their backs,8···/˘···
And guarded nations from attacks,8·/˘/˘·˘/
Now practise every pliant gesture,9·/˘/˘/˘/˘
Opening their trunk for every tester.9/˘···/˘/˘
Siam, for elephants so famed,8˘/·/˘˘··
Is not with England to be named:8···/˘···
Their elephants by men are sold;8·/˘˘····
Ours sell themselves, and take the gold.8/·˘/····

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