Part I: Death
And Peter Bell, when he had beenWith fresh-imported Hell-fire warmed,Grew serious--from his dress and mien'Twas very plainly to be seenPeter was quite reformed.
His eyes turned up, his mouth turned down;His accent caught a nasal twang;He oiled his hair; there might be heardThe grace of God in every wordWhich Peter said or sang.
But Peter now grew old, and hadAn ill no doctor could unravel:His torments almost drove him mad;--Some said it was a fever bad--Some swore it was the gravel.
His holy friends then came about,And with long preaching and persuasionConvinced the patient that, withoutThe smallest shadow of a doubt,He was predestined to damnation.
They said--'Thy name is Peter Bell;Thy skin is of a brimstone hue;Alive or dead--ay, sick or well--The one God made to rhyme with hell;The other, I think, rhymes with you.
Then Peter set up such a yell!--The nurse, who with some water gruelWas climbing up the stairs, as wellAs her old legs could climb them--fell,And broke them both--the fall was cruel.
The Parson from the casement leptInto the lake of Windermere--And many an eel--though no adeptIn God's right reason for it--keptGnawing his kidneys half a year.
And all the rest rushed through the doorAnd tumbled over one another,And broke their skulls.--Upon the floorMeanwhile sat Peter Bell, and swore,And cursed his father and his mother;
And raved of God, and sin, and death,Blaspheming like an infidel;And said, that with his clenched teethHe'd seize the earth from underneath,And drag it with him down to hell.
As he was speaking came a spasm,And wrenched his gnashing teeth asunder;Like one who sees a strange phantasmHe lay,--there was a silent chasmBetween his upper jaw and under.
And yellow death lay on his face;And a fixed smile that was not humanTold, as I understand the case,That he was gone to the wrong place:--I heard all this from the old woman.
Then there came down from Langdale PikeA cloud, with lightning, wind and hail;It swept over the mountains likeAn ocean,--and I heard it strikeThe woods and crags of Grasmere vale.
And I saw the black storm comeNearer, minute after minute;Its thunder made the cataracts dumb;With hiss, and clash, and hollow hum,It neared as if the Devil was in it.
The Devil WAS in it:--he had boughtPeter for half-a-crown; and whenThe storm which bore him vanished, noughtThat in the house that storm had caughtWas ever seen again.
The gaping neighbours came next day--They found all vanished from the shore:The Bible, whence he used to pray,Half scorched under a hen-coop lay;Smashed glass--and nothing more!
Words in this poem
- oiled a.
- Covered or treated with oil; dressed with, or soaked in, oil.
- drove n.
- A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]
- damnation n.
- The state of being damned; condemnation; openly expressed disapprobation. [F. damnation, L. damnatio, fr. damnare. See Damn.]
- brimstone n.
- Sulphur; See Sulphur. [OE. brimston, bremston, bernston, brenston; cf. Icel. brennistein. See Burn, v. t., and Stone.]
- broke v. i.
- To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
- casement n.
- A window sash opening on hinges affixed to the upright side of the frame into which it is fitted. (Poetically) A window. [Shortened fr. encasement. See Incase 1st Case, and cf. Incasement.]
- rushed a.
- Abounding or covered with rushes.
- meanwhile n.
- The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).
- cursed a.
- Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
- infidel a.
- Not holding the faith; -- applied esp. to one who does not believe in the inspiration of the Scriptures, and the supernatural origin of Christianity. [L. infidelis; pref. in- not + fidelis faithful, fr. fides faith: cf. F. infidèle. See Fidelity.]
- vale n.
- A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Part I: Death is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley — Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #4797; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Percy Bysshe Shelley, Part I: Death, in Alastor, and Other Poems (1813–1820), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #4797, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/shelley-poems/part-i-death.html, id L00256.
Form and metre
Part I: Death is 75 lines in 15 stanzas of 5 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABAAB, complete in 13 of its 15 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%). 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.3 syllables. 16 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 36% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ABAAB beenA · warmedB · mienA · seenA · reformedB
- 2 --AA- down · twang · heardA · wordA · sang
- 3 ABAAB hadA · unravelB · madA · badA · gravelB
- 4 ABAAB aboutA · persuasionB · withoutA · doubtA · damnationB
- 5 ABAAB bellA · hueB · wellA · hellA · youB
- 6 AAAAA yellA · gruelA · wellA · fellA · cruelA
- 7 ABAAB leptA · windermereB · adeptA · keptA · yearB
- 8 ABAAB doorA · anotherB · floorA · sworeA · motherB
- 9 ABAAB deathA · infidelB · teethA · underneathA · hellB
- 10 ABAAB spasmA · asunderB · phantasmA · chasmA · underB
- 11 ABAAB faceA · humanB · caseA · placeA · womanB
- 12 ABAAB pikeA · hailB · likeA · strikeA · valeB
- 13 ABAAB comeA · minuteB · dumbA · humA · itB
- 14 ABAAB boughtA · whenB · noughtA · caughtA · againB
- 15 ABAAB dayA · shoreB · prayA · layA · moreB
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| And Peter Bell, when he had been | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| With fresh-imported Hell-fire warmed, | 8 | ··˘/˘·/· |
| Grew serious--from his dress and mien | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| 'Twas very plainly to be seen | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Peter was quite reformed. | 7 | /˘··˘/˘ |
| His eyes turned up, his mouth turned down; | 8 | ········ |
| His accent caught a nasal twang; | 8 | ·/···/˘· |
| He oiled his hair; there might be heard | 8 | ········ |
| The grace of God in every word | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Which Peter said or sang. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| But Peter now grew old, and had | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| An ill no doctor could unravel: | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| His torments almost drove him mad;-- | 8 | ·/·/···· |
| Some said it was a fever bad-- | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Some swore it was the gravel. | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| His holy friends then came about, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And with long preaching and persuasion | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| Convinced the patient that, without | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| The smallest shadow of a doubt, | 8 | ·/˘/···· |
| He was predestined to damnation. | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| They said--'Thy name is Peter Bell; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Thy skin is of a brimstone hue; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Alive or dead--ay, sick or well-- | 8 | ˘/······ |
| The one God made to rhyme with hell; | 8 | ········ |
| The other, I think, rhymes with you. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Then Peter set up such a yell!-- | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The nurse, who with some water gruel | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Was climbing up the stairs, as well | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| As her old legs could climb them--fell, | 8 | ········ |
| And broke them both--the fall was cruel. | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| The Parson from the casement lept | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Into the lake of Windermere-- | 8 | ········ |
| And many an eel--though no adept | 8 | ·/····˘/ |
| In God's right reason for it--kept | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Gnawing his kidneys half a year. | 8 | /˘·/˘··· |
| And all the rest rushed through the door | 8 | ········ |
| And tumbled over one another, | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| And broke their skulls.--Upon the floor | 8 | ········ |
| Meanwhile sat Peter Bell, and swore, | 8 | /··/˘··· |
| And cursed his father and his mother; | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| And raved of God, and sin, and death, | 8 | ········ |
| Blaspheming like an infidel; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And said, that with his clenched teeth | 8 | ······˘· |
| He'd seize the earth from underneath, | 8 | ······˘/ |
| And drag it with him down to hell. | 8 | ········ |
| As he was speaking came a spasm, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| And wrenched his gnashing teeth asunder; | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| Like one who sees a strange phantasm | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| He lay,--there was a silent chasm | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Between his upper jaw and under. | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| And yellow death lay on his face; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And a fixed smile that was not human | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| Told, as I understand the case, | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| That he was gone to the wrong place:-- | 8 | ········ |
| I heard all this from the old woman. | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| Then there came down from Langdale Pike | 8 | ·····/·· |
| A cloud, with lightning, wind and hail; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| It swept over the mountains like | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| An ocean,--and I heard it strike | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The woods and crags of Grasmere vale. | 8 | ········ |
| And I saw the black storm come | 7 | ······· |
| Nearer, minute after minute; | 8 | /˘/˘··/˘ |
| Its thunder made the cataracts dumb; | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·· |
| With hiss, and clash, and hollow hum, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| It neared as if the Devil was in it. | 9 | ·····/··· |
| The Devil WAS in it:--he had bought | 8 | ·/······ |
| Peter for half-a-crown; and when | 8 | /˘······ |
| The storm which bore him vanished, nought | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| That in the house that storm had caught | 8 | ········ |
| Was ever seen again. | 6 | ·/˘·˘/ |
| The gaping neighbours came next day-- | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| They found all vanished from the shore: | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The Bible, whence he used to pray, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Half scorched under a hen-coop lay; | 8 | ········ |
| Smashed glass--and nothing more! | 7 | ·˘··/˘· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.