Chapter IV: Story of Ali, the Commander of the Faithful

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 32 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

To Ali a man brought a subject abstruse,In the hope that the difficult knot he would loose.The conquering, foe-subjugating Ameer,Full of wisdom and sense, his reply stated clear.I have heard that a man at the conference said :"Oh perfection of goodness ! you've erred on this head!"The magnanimous lion raged not at the man,But replied, " State it better than this, if you can!"He explained what he knew in an elegant way—It becomes not to hide the sun's splendour with clay—The monarch of men liked his lucid reply,Saying, " He is correct, and in error was I.He better explained ; and the Maker is one !And knowledge more noble than His there is none."Had you been a person of rank in those days,From hauteur you would not have deigned him a gaze.Your slaves would have quickly expelled him the hall,And beaten him down, for no reason at all ;Saying, "Do not hereafter disgracefully walk !It is rude in the presence of nobles to talk !"If in any one's head self-conceit should appear,Do not fancy that always the truth he will hear.From his learning comes grief ; at advice shame is shown—Rain cannot cause tulips to spring from a stone—Don't you see that from Earth, which humility shows,The spring season comes and the rose blossom blows.Oh, philosopher, scatter your pearls not too free,When the buyer stuffed full of himself you can see!A person seems little in other men's eyes,Who to publish his greatness continually tries.Do not lecture that thousands of thanks you may gain !When you've eulogized self, hope in others is vain !

Words in this poem

abstruse a.
Concealed or hidden out of the way. [L. abstrusus, p. p. of abstrudere to thrust away, conceal; ab, abs + trudere to thrust; cf. F. abstrus. See Threat.]
splendour n.
Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot the sun. B. Jonson. [L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
hauteur n.
Haughty manner or spirit; haughtiness; pride; arrogance. [F., fr. haut high. See Haughty.]
hereafter adv.
In time to come; in some future time or state. [AS. hræfter.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter IV: Story of Ali, the Commander of the Faithful is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter IV: Story of Ali, the Commander of the Faithful, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/4-27.html, id L29648.

Form and metre

Chapter IV: Story of Ali, the Commander of the Faithful is 32 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPP abstruseA · looseA · ameerB · clearB · saidC · headC · manD · canD · wayE · clayE · replyF · iF · oneG · noneG · daysH · gazeH · hallI · allI · walkJ · talkJ · appearK · hearK · shownL · stoneL · showsM · blowsM · freeN · seeN · eyesO · triesO · gainP · vainP
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
To Ali a man brought a subject abstruse,11·/˘····˘/˘/
In the hope that the difficult knot he would loose.12·····/˘˘····
The conquering, foe-subjugating Ameer,11·/˘˘·/˘·˘··
Full of wisdom and sense, his reply stated clear.12··/˘···˘//˘·
I have heard that a man at the conference said :12········/˘˘·
"Oh perfection of goodness ! you've erred on this head!"12·˘/˘·/˘·····
The magnanimous lion raged not at the man,12·˘/˘˘/˘·····
But replied, " State it better than this, if you can!"12·˘/··/˘·····
He explained what he knew in an elegant way—12·˘/·····/˘˘·
It becomes not to hide the sun's splendour with clay—12·˘/·····/˘··
The monarch of men liked his lucid reply,12·/····˘·/˘˘/
Saying, " He is correct, and in error was I.12/˘··˘/··/˘··
He better explained ; and the Maker is one !12·/˘˘/˘··/˘··
And knowledge more noble than His there is none."11·/˘·/˘·····
Had you been a person of rank in those days,11····/˘·····
From hauteur you would not have deigned him a gaze.12········˘···
Your slaves would have quickly expelled him the hall,12····/˘˘/˘···
And beaten him down, for no reason at all ;11·/˘····/˘··
Saying, "Do not hereafter disgracefully walk !13/˘··˘/˘······
It is rude in the presence of nobles to talk !"12·····/˘·/˘··
If in any one's head self-conceit should appear,12··/˘···˘/·˘/
Do not fancy that always the truth he will hear.12··/˘·/······
From his learning comes grief ; at advice shame is shown—12··/˘···˘/···
Rain cannot cause tulips to spring from a stone—11·˘/·/˘·····
Don't you see that from Earth, which humility shows,12·······˘/˘˘·
The spring season comes and the rose blossom blows.11··/˘····/˘·
Oh, philosopher, scatter your pearls not too free,12·˘/˘˘/˘·····
When the buyer stuffed full of himself you can see!12··/˘···˘/···
A person seems little in other men's eyes,11·/˘·/˘·/˘··
Who to publish his greatness continually tries.12··/˘·/˘˘/˘˘·
Do not lecture that thousands of thanks you may gain !12··/˘·/˘·····
When you've eulogized self, hope in others is vain !12··/˘····/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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