Hymnus VIII. Kalendas Ianuarias

Prudentius (348–413) · 1905

trochaic tetrameter · 116 lines · from The Hymns of Prudentius

Quid est, quod artum circulumsol iam recurrens deserit?Christusne terris nascitur,qui lucis auget tramitem?

Heu quam fugacem gratiamfestina volvebat dies,quam pene subductam facemsensim recisa extinxerat!

Caelum nitescat laetius,gratetur et gaudens humus,scandit gradatim denuoiubar priores lineas.

Emerge dulcis pusio,quem mater edit castitas,parens et expers coniugis,mediator et duplex genus.

Ex ore quamlibet Patrissis ortus et verbo editus,tamen paterno in pectoresophia callebas prius.

Quae prompta caelum condidit,caelum diemque et cetera,virtute verbi effecta sunthaec cuncta: nam verbum Deus.

Sed ordinatis seculis,rerumque digesto statufundator ipse et artifexpermansit in Patris sinu,

donec rotata annaliumtransvolverentur milia,atque ipse peccantem diudignatus orbera viseret.

Nam caeca vis mortaliumvenerans inanes neniasvel aera vel saxa algida,vel ligna credebat Deum.

Haec dum sequuntur, perfidipraedonis in ius venerant,et mancipatam fumidovitam barathro inmerserant:

Stragem sed istam non tulitChristus cadentum gentiuminpune ne forsan suiPatris periret fabrica.

Mortale corpus induit,ut excitato corporemortis catenam frangerethominemque portaret Patri.

Hic ille natalis dies,quo te creator arduusspiravit et limo indiditsermone carnem glutinans.

Sentisne, virgo nobilis,matura per fastidiapudoris intactum decushonore partus crescere?

O quanta rerum gaudiaalvus pudica continet,ex qua novellum seculumprocedit et lux aurea!

Vagitus ille exordiumvernantis orbis prodidit,nam tunc renatus sordidummundus veternum depulit.

Sparsisse tellurem reorrus omne densis floribus,ipsasque arenas syrtiumfragrasse nardo et nectare.

Te cuncta nascentem puersensere dura et barbara,victusque saxorum rigorobduxit herbam cotibus.

Iam mella de scopulis fluunt,iam stillat ilex aridosudans amomum stipite,iam sunt myricis balsama.

O sancta praesepis tui,aeterne rex, cunabula,populisque per seclum sacramutis et ipsis credita.

Adorat haec brutum pecusindocta turba scilicet,adorat excors natio,vis cuius in pastu sita est.

Sed cum fideli spirituconcurrat ad praesepiapagana gens et quadrupes,sapiatque quod brutum fuit:

Negat patrum prosapiaperosa praesentem Deum:credas venenis ebriamfuriisve lymphatam rapi.

Quid prona per scelus ruis?agnosce, si quidquam tibimentis resedit integrae,ducem tuorum principum.

Hunc, quem latebra et obstetrix,et virgo feta, et cunulaeet inbecilla infantiaregem dederunt gentibus,

peccator intueberiscelsum coruscis nubibus,deiectus ipse et inritusplangens reatum fletibus:

Cum vasta signum bucinaterris cremandis miserit,et scissus axis cardinemmundi ruentis solverit:

Insignis ipse et praeminensmeritis rependet congrua,his lucis usum perpetis,illis gehennam et tartarum.

Iudaea tunc fulmen crucisexperta, qui sit, senties,quem te furoris praesulemors hausit et mox reddidit.

Words in this poem

quid n.
A portion suitable to be chewed; a cud; as, a quid of tobacco. [See Cud.]
quod v.
Quoth; said. See Quoth.
auget n.
A priming tube connecting the charge chamber with the gallery, or place where the slow match is applied. Knight. [F., dim. of auge trough, fr. L. alveus hollow, fr. alvus belly.]
humus n.
That portion of the soil formed by the decomposition of animal or vegetable matter. It is a valuable constituent of soils. Graham. [L., the earth, ground, soil.]
edit v. t.
To superintend the publication of; to revise and prepare for publication; to select, correct, arrange, etc., the matter of, for publication; as, to edit a newspaper. [F. éditer, or L. editus, p. p. of edere to give out, put forth, publish; e out + dare to give. See Date a point of time.]
duplex a.
Double; twofold. Duplex escapement, a peculiar kind of watch escapement, in which the scape-wheel has two sets of teeth. See Escapement. [L., fr. duo two + plicare to fold. See Two, and Complex.]
exordium n.
A beginning; an introduction; especially, the introductory part of a discourse or written composition, which prepares the audience for the main subject; the opening part of an oration. [L. fr. exordiri to begin a web, lay a warp, begin; ex out + ordiri to begin a web, begin; akin to E. order. See Order.]
puer n.
The dung of dogs, used as an alkaline steep in tanning. [Etymol. uncertain.]
barbara n.
The first word in certain mnemonic lines which represent the various forms of the syllogism. It indicates a syllogism whose three propositions are universal affirmatives. Whately. [Coined by logicians.]
amomum n.
A genus of aromatic plants. It includes species which bear cardamoms, and grains of paradise.
cunabula n.
The earliest abode; original dwelling place; originals; as, the cunabula of the human race. [L., a cradle, earliest abode, fr. cunae cradle.]
scilicet adv.
To wit; namely; videlicet; -- often abbreviated to sc., or ss. [L., fr. scire licet you may know.]
gens n.
A clan or family connection, embracing several families of the same stock, who had a common name and certain common religious rites; a subdivision of the Roman curia or tribe. [L. See Gentle, a.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Hymnus VIII. Kalendas Ianuarias is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Hymns of Prudentius, Project Gutenberg ebook #14959; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Prudentius, Hymnus VIII. Kalendas Ianuarias, in The Hymns of Prudentius (1905), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14959, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/prudentius-hymns/hymnus-viii-kalendas-ianuarias.html, id L23685.

Form and metre

Hymnus VIII. Kalendas Ianuarias is 116 lines in 29 stanzas of 4 lines each. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).

See other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 10 -A-A perfidi · venerantA · fumido · inmerserantA
  2. 16 -A-A exordium · prodiditA · sordidum · depulitA
  3. 26 -AAA intueberis · nubibusA · inritusA · fletibusA
  4. 27 -A-A bucina · miseritA · cardinem · solveritA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Quid est, quod artum circulum9·˘/······
sol iam recurrens deserit?8········
Christusne terris nascitur,7··/˘···
qui lucis auget tramitem?8···˘/···
Heu quam fugacem gratiam7·······
festina volvebat dies,7·······
quam pene subductam facem7·······
sensim recisa extinxerat!9·········
Caelum nitescat laetius,7·······
gratetur et gaudens humus,8······/˘
scandit gradatim denuo7·······
iubar priores lineas.6··/˘··
Emerge dulcis pusio,6˘/····
quem mater edit castitas,8·/˘/˘···
parens et expers coniugis,8········
mediator et duplex genus.9/˘·˘·/·/˘
Ex ore quamlibet Patris7·······
sis ortus et verbo editus,9·········
tamen paterno in pectore8··˘/˘···
sophia callebas prius.7˘/˘····
Quae prompta caelum condidit,8········
caelum diemque et cetera,7····/˘˘
virtute verbi effecta sunt8········
haec cuncta: nam verbum Deus.7·······
Sed ordinatis seculis,8········
rerumque digesto statu7·······
fundator ipse et artifex8········
permansit in Patris sinu,8········
donec rotata annalium8········
transvolverentur milia,7·······
atque ipse peccantem diu6······
dignatus orbera viseret.9·········
Nam caeca vis mortalium7·······
venerans inanes nenias7···˘/··
vel aera vel saxa algida,9·········
vel ligna credebat Deum.7·······
Haec dum sequuntur, perfidi8········
praedonis in ius venerant,8········
et mancipatam fumido8········
vitam barathro inmerserant:9·········
Stragem sed istam non tulit8········
Christus cadentum gentium7·······
inpune ne forsan sui7·····/˘
Patris periret fabrica.8········
Mortale corpus induit,7···/˘··
ut excitato corpore7·······
mortis catenam frangeret8/˘······
hominemque portaret Patri.8········
Hic ille natalis dies,6··˘/˘·
quo te creator arduus7··˘/˘··
spiravit et limo indidit9····/˘···
sermone carnem glutinans.7·······
Sentisne, virgo nobilis,7··/˘···
matura per fastidia7·······
pudoris intactum decus8········
honore partus crescere?6/˘····
O quanta rerum gaudia7·······
alvus pudica continet,8········
ex qua novellum seculum8········
procedit et lux aurea!8·····˘/˘
Vagitus ille exordium8····˘/˘˘
vernantis orbis prodidit,8···/˘···
nam tunc renatus sordidum8········
mundus veternum depulit.8········
Sparsisse tellurem reor6······
rus omne densis floribus,7·······
ipsasque arenas syrtium7··˘/˘··
fragrasse nardo et nectare.7··/˘···
Te cuncta nascentem puer8······/˘
sensere dura et barbara,8··/˘·/˘˘
victusque saxorum rigor7·····/˘
obduxit herbam cotibus.8········
Iam mella de scopulis fluunt,8·/˘·····
iam stillat ilex arido8···/˘···
sudans amomum stipite,7˘/˘/˘··
iam sunt myricis balsama.8········
O sancta praesepis tui,7·······
aeterne rex, cunabula,7···˘/˘˘
populisque per seclum sacra8······/˘
mutis et ipsis credita.8/·······
Adorat haec brutum pecus8········
indocta turba scilicet,8·····/˘˘
adorat excors natio,7·······
vis cuius in pastu sita est.9·······˘/
Sed cum fideli spiritu8········
concurrat ad praesepia7·······
pagana gens et quadrupes,7·······
sapiatque quod brutum fuit:6······
Negat patrum prosapia7·······
perosa praesentem Deum:7·······
credas venenis ebriam7·······
furiisve lymphatam rapi.7·······
Quid prona per scelus ruis?8······/˘
agnosce, si quidquam tibi7·····/·
mentis resedit integrae,7·······
ducem tuorum principum.7·······
Hunc, quem latebra et obstetrix,9·········
et virgo feta, et cunulae8·/˘·····
et inbecilla infantia8········
regem dederunt gentibus,8········
peccator intueberis7·······
celsum coruscis nubibus,8········
deiectus ipse et inritus7·······
plangens reatum fletibus:7·······
Cum vasta signum bucina8·/˘·····
terris cremandis miserit,8/˘······
et scissus axis cardinem8···/˘···
mundi ruentis solverit:7/˘·····
Insignis ipse et praeminens8········
meritis rependet congrua,8········
his lucis usum perpetis,8········
illis gehennam et tartarum.9······/˘˘
Iudaea tunc fulmen crucis7·······
experta, qui sit, senties,7·····/˘
quem te furoris praesule8········
mors hausit et mox reddidit.8········

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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