Hymnus Ante Somnum

Prudentius (348–413) · 1905

trochaic tetrameter · 152 lines · from The Hymns of Prudentius

Ades Pater supreme,quem nemo vidit unquam,Patrisque sermo Christe,et Spiritus benigne.

O Trinitatis huiusvis una, lumen unum,Deus ex Deo perennis,Deus ex utroque missus.

Fluxit labor diei,redit et quietis hora,blandus sopor vicissimfessos relaxat artus.

Mens aestuans procelliscurisque sauciatatotis bibit medullisobliviale poclum.

Serpit per omne corpusLethaea vis, nec ullummiseris doloris aegripatitur manere sensum.

Lex haec data est caducisDeo iubente membris,ut temperet laboremmedicabilis voluptas.

Sed dum pererrat omnesquies amica venas,pectusque feriatumplacat rigante somno:

Liber vagat per aurasrapido vigore sensus,variasque per figuras,quae sunt operta, cernit.

Quia mens soluta curis,cui est origo caelum,purusque fons ab aethrainers iacere nescit.

Imitata multiformesfacies sibi ipsa fingit,per quas repente currenstenui fruatur actu.

Sed sensa somniantumdispar fatigat horror,nunc splendor intererratqui dat futura nosse.

Plerumque dissipatismendax imago verisanimos pavore maestosambage fallit atra.

Quem rara culpa morumnon polluit frequenter,nunc lux serena vibransres edocet latentes.

At qui coinquinatumvitiis cor inpiavit,lusus pavore multospecies videt tremendas.

Hoc patriarcha nostersub carceris catenageminis simul ministrisinterpres adprobavit.

Quorum reversus unusdat poculum tyranno,ast alterum rapacesfixum vorant volucres.

Ipsum deinde regemperplexa somniantemmonuit famem futuramclausis cavere acervis.

Mox praesul ac tetrarchesregnum per omne iussussociam tenere virgamdominae resedit aulae.

O quam profunda iustisarcana per soporemaperit tuenda Christus,quam clara! quam tacenda!

Evangelista summifidissimus magistrisignata quae latebantnebulis videt remotis:

ipsum tonantis agnumde caede purpurantem,qui conscium futurilibrum resignat unus.

Huius manum potentemgladius perarmat ancepset fulgurans utrimqueduplicem minatur ictum.

Quaesitor ille solusanimaeque corporisqueensisque bis timendusprima ac secunda mors est.

idem tamen benignusultor retundit irampaucosque non piorumpatitur perire in aevum.

Huic inclitus perennetribuit Pater tribunal,hunc obtinere iussitnomen supra omne nomen.

Hic praepotens cruentiextinctor antichristi,qui de furente monstropulchrum refert tropaeum.

Quam bestiam capacempopulosque devorantem,quam sanguinis charybdemIoannis execratur.

Haec nempe, quae sacratumpraeferre nomen ausa est,imam petit gehennamChristo perempta vero.

Tali sopore iustusmentem relaxat heros,ut spiritu sagacicaelum peragret omne.

Nos nil meremur horum,quos creber inplet error,concreta quos malarumvitiat cupido rerum.

Sat est quiete dulcifessum fovere corpus:sat, si nihil sinistrumvanae minentur umbrae.

Cultor Dei mementote fontis et lavacrirorem subisse sanctum,te chrismate innotatum.

Fac, cum vocante somnocastum petis cubile,frontem locumque cordiscrucis figura signet.

Crux pellit omne crimen,fugiunt crucem tenebrae:tali dicata signomens fluctuare nescit.

Procul, o procul vagantumportenta somniorum,procul esto pervicacipraestigiator astu!

O tortuose serpens,qui mille per Maeandrosfraudesque flexuosasagitas quieta corda,

Discede, Christus hic est,hic Christus est, liquesce:signum quod ipse nostidamnat tuam catervam.

Corpus licet fatiscensiaceat recline paullum,Christum tamen sub ipsomeditabimur sopore.

Words in this poem 22
sopor n.
Profound sleep from which a person can be roused only with difficulty. [L.]
facies n.
The anterior part of the head; the face. [L., from, face. See Face.]
quas n.
A kind of beer. Same as Quass.
culpa n.
Negligence or fault, as distinguishable from dolus (deceit, fraud), which implies intent, culpa being imputable to defect of intellect, dolus to defect of heart. Wharton. [L.]
frequenter n.
One who frequents; one who often visits, or resorts to customarily.
catena n.
A chain or series of things connected with each other. [L., a chain.]
quorum n.
Such a number of the officers or members of any body as is competent by law or constitution to transact business; as, a quorum of the House of Representatives; a constitutional quorum was not present. [L., of whom, gen. pl. of qui who, akin to E. who. See the Note below.]
gladius n.
The internal shell, or pen, of cephalopods like the squids. [L., a sword.]
solus a.
Alone; -- chiefly used in stage directions, and the like. [L.]
idem pron.
The same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated id. [L.]
imam n.
Among the Mohammedans, a minister or priest who performs the regular service of the mosque. [Ar. imam.]
petit a.
Small; little; insignificant; mean; -- Same as Petty. [Obs., except in legal language.] [F. See Petty.]
nihil n.
Nothing. Nihil album Etym: [L., white nothing] (Chem.), oxide of zinc. See under Zinc. [L.]
memento n.
A hint, suggestion, token, or memorial, to awaken memory; that which reminds or recalls to memory; a souvenir. [L., remember, be mindful, imper. of meminisse to remember. See Mention.]
sanctum n.
A sacred place; hence, a place of retreat; a room reserved for personal use; as, an editor's sanctum. Sanctum sanctorum Etym: [L.] , the Holy of Holies; the most holy place, as in the Jewish temple. [L., p.p. of sanctire to consecrate.]
cubile n.
The lowest course of stones in a building. [L., bed.]
signet n.
A seal; especially, in England, the seal used by the sovereign in sealing private letters and grants that pass by bill under the sign manual; -- called also privy signet. [OF. signet a signet, F., a bookmark, dim. of signe. See Sign, n., and cf. Sennet.]
crux n.
Anything that is very puzzling or difficult to explain. Dr. [L., cross, torture, trouble.]
tortuose a.
Wreathed; twisted; winding. Loudon [See Tortuous.]
serpens n.
A constellation represented as a serpent held by Serpentarius. [L. See Serpent.]
discede v. i.
To yield or give up; to depart. [L. discedere; dis- + cedere to yield.]
quod v.
Quoth; said. See Quoth.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Hymnus Ante Somnum is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Hymns of Prudentius, Project Gutenberg ebook #14959; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Prudentius, Hymnus Ante Somnum, in The Hymns of Prudentius (1905), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14959, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/prudentius-hymns/hymnus-ante-somnum.html, id L23676.

Form and metre

Hymnus Ante Somnum is 152 lines in 38 stanzas of 4 lines each. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).

See other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 4 A-A- procellisA · sauciata · medullisA · poclum
  2. 5 -A-A corpus · ullumA · aegri · sensumA
  3. 6 AA-- caducisA · membrisA · laborem · voluptas
  4. 12 AA-- dissipatisA · verisA · maestos · atra
  5. 16 --AA unus · tyranno · rapacesA · volucresA
  6. 17 AA-- regemA · somniantemA · futuram · acervis
  7. 23 A-A- solusA · corporisque · timendusA · est
  8. 24 --AA benignus · iram · piorumA · aevumA
  9. 27 AAA- capacemA · devorantemA · charybdemA · execratur
  10. 30 A-AA horumA · error · malarumA · rerumA
  11. 35 AA-- vagantumA · somniorumA · pervicaci · astu
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Ades Pater supreme,5·/˘˘/
quem nemo vidit unquam,7·/˘····
Patrisque sermo Christe,5·····
et Spiritus benigne.6······
O Trinitatis huius6······
vis una, lumen unum,7·/˘/˘/˘
Deus ex Deo perennis,7··/˘···
Deus ex utroque missus.6····/˘
Fluxit labor diei,5··/˘·
redit et quietis hora,7·····/˘
blandus sopor vicissim7··/˘···
fessos relaxat artus.7·····/˘
Mens aestuans procellis6······
curisque sauciata5·····
totis bibit medullis7/˘·····
obliviale poclum.6······
Serpit per omne corpus6····/˘
Lethaea vis, nec ullum6······
miseris doloris aegri8········
patitur manere sensum.7·······
Lex haec data est caducis9··/˘˘/···
Deo iubente membris,6/˘····
ut temperet laborem7·······
medicabilis voluptas.8········
Sed dum pererrat omnes6······
quies amica venas,6····/˘
pectusque feriatum5·····
placat rigante somno:6······
Liber vagat per auras7/˘···/˘
rapido vigore sensus,7·······
variasque per figuras,6···˘/˘
quae sunt operta, cernit.7·······
Quia mens soluta curis,7·······
cui est origo caelum,8·˘/·····
purusque fons ab aethra6······
iners iacere nescit.6······
Imitata multiformes7·······
facies sibi ipsa fingit,8/˘······
per quas repente currens6····/˘
tenui fruatur actu.6······
Sed sensa somniantum6······
dispar fatigat horror,7·····/˘
nunc splendor intererrat7·/˘····
qui dat futura nosse.6······
Plerumque dissipatis6······
mendax imago veris7··˘/˘··
animos pavore maestos7·······
ambage fallit atra.6····/˘
Quem rara culpa morum7·/˘/˘··
non polluit frequenter,6······
nunc lux serena vibrans7··˘/˘··
res edocet latentes.6····/˘
At qui coinquinatum6······
vitiis cor inpiavit,6······
lusus pavore multo6······
species videt tremendas.7/˘·····
Hoc patriarcha noster6······
sub carceris catena7····˘/˘
geminis simul ministris8/˘······
interpres adprobavit.6······
Quorum reversus unus7/˘·····
dat poculum tyranno,7·······
ast alterum rapaces7····˘/˘
fixum vorant volucres.6······
Ipsum deinde regem5·····
perplexa somniantem6······
monuit famem futuram7·······
clausis cavere acervis.7·······
Mox praesul ac tetrarches8···//···
regnum per omne iussus6······
sociam tenere virgam6······
dominae resedit aulae.6······
O quam profunda iustis7·······
arcana per soporem7˘/˘····
aperit tuenda Christus,7·······
quam clara! quam tacenda!7·/˘····
Evangelista summi7˘˘˘/˘··
fidissimus magistri7·······
signata quae latebant7·······
nebulis videt remotis:8········
ipsum tonantis agnum7·······
de caede purpurantem,6······
qui conscium futuri6······
librum resignat unus.7·······
Huius manum potentem6······
gladius perarmat anceps8/˘˘·····
et fulgurans utrimque6······
duplicem minatur ictum.8········
Quaesitor ille solus6······
animaeque corporisque6······
ensisque bis timendus6······
prima ac secunda mors est.10/˘//˘/˘·˘/
idem tamen benignus7/˘·····
ultor retundit iram7·······
paucosque non piorum5·····
patitur perire in aevum.8········
Huic inclitus perenne6······
tribuit Pater tribunal,7··/˘˘/˘
hunc obtinere iussit6······
nomen supra omne nomen.7··/˘···
Hic praepotens cruenti6······
extinctor antichristi,7·······
qui de furente monstro6······
pulchrum refert tropaeum.6······
Quam bestiam capacem6······
populosque devorantem,7·······
quam sanguinis charybdem7·······
Ioannis execratur.6······
Haec nempe, quae sacratum6······
praeferre nomen ausa est,8······˘/
imam petit gehennam7/˘/˘···
Christo perempta vero.7/˘···/˘
Tali sopore iustus6······
mentem relaxat heros,7·····/˘
ut spiritu sagaci7·······
caelum peragret omne.6······
Nos nil meremur horum,7·······
quos creber inplet error,7·····/˘
concreta quos malarum7·······
vitiat cupido rerum.7·······
Sat est quiete dulci6·˘/···
fessum fovere corpus:6····/˘
sat, si nihil sinistrum7··/˘···
vanae minentur umbrae.5·····
Cultor Dei memento6···˘/˘
te fontis et lavacri7·······
rorem subisse sanctum,6····/˘
te chrismate innotatum.7·······
Fac, cum vocante somno6······
castum petis cubile,7····˘/˘
frontem locumque cordis6····/˘
crucis figura signet.7··˘/˘/˘
Crux pellit omne crimen,6······
fugiunt crucem tenebrae:7····/˘˘
tali dicata signo7·······
mens fluctuare nescit.5·····
Procul, o procul vagantum8········
portenta somniorum,6······
procul esto pervicaci8········
praestigiator astu!6······
O tortuose serpens,6·/˘˘/˘
qui mille per Maeandros5·····
fraudesque flexuosas5·····
agitas quieta corda,7·····/˘
Discede, Christus hic est,7˘/···˘/
hic Christus est, liquesce:7···˘/··
signum quod ipse nosti6······
damnat tuam catervam.6······
Corpus licet fatiscens7/˘·····
iaceat recline paullum,6··˘/··
Christum tamen sub ipso7·······
meditabimur sopore.7·······

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