Hymn Before Sleep

Prudentius (348–413) · 1905

common measure · 152 lines · from The Hymns of Prudentius

Draw near, Almighty Father,Ne'er seen by mortal eye;Come, O Thou Word eternal,O Spirit blest, be nigh.

One light of threefold Godhead,One power that all transcends;God is of God begotten,And God from both descends.

The hour of rest approaches,The toils of day are past,And o'er our tired bodiesSleep's gentle charm is cast.

The mind, by cares tormentedAmid life's storm and stress,Drinks deep the wondrous potionThat brings forgetfulness.

O'er weary, toil-worn mortalsThe spells of Lethe steal;Sad hearts lose all their sorrow,Nor pain nor anguish feel.

For to His frail creationGod gave this law to keep,That labour should be lightenedBy soft and healing sleep.

But while sweet languor wandersThrough all the pulsing veins,And, wrapt in dewy slumber,The heart at rest remains,

The soul, in wakeful vigour,Aloft in freedom flies,And sees in many a semblanceThe hidden mysteries.

For, freed from care, the spiritThat came from out the sky,Born of the stainless aether,Can never idle lie.

A thousand changing phantomsShe fashions through the night,And 'midst a world of fancyPursues her rapid flight.

But divers are the visionsThat night to dreamers shows;Rare gleams of straying splendourThe future may disclose;

More oft the truth is darkened,And lying fantasyDeceives the affrighted sleeperWith cunning treachery.

To him whose life is holyThe things that are concealedLie open to his spiritIn radiant light revealed;

But he whose heart is blackened,With many a sin imbued,Sees phantoms grim and ghastlyThat beckon and delude.

So in the Egyptian dungeonThe patriarch of oldUnto the king's two servantsTheir fateful visions told:

And one is brought from prisonThe monarch's wine to pour,One, on the gibbet hanging,Foul birds of prey devour,

He warned the king, distractedBy riddles of the night,To hoard the plenteous harvestsAgainst the years of blight.

Soon, lord of half a kingdom,A mighty potentate,He shares the royal sceptreAnd dwells in princely state.

But ah! how deep the secretsThe holy sleeper seesTo whom Christ shows His highest,Most sacred mysteries.

For God's most faithful servantThe clouds were rolled away,And John beheld the wondersThat sealed from mortals lay.

The Lamb of God, encrimsonedWith sacrificial stains,Alone the Book can openThat destiny contains.

By His strong hand is wieldedA keen, two-edged brandThat, flashing like the lightning,Smites swift on either hand.

Before His bar of judgmentBoth soul and body lie;He whom that dread sword smitethThe second death shall die.

Yet mercy tempers justice,And few the Avenger sends(Whose guilt is past all pardon)To death that never ends.

To Him the Father yieldethThe judgment-seat of Heaven;To Him a Name excellingAll other names is given.

For by His strength transcendentShall Antichrist be slain,And from that raging monsterFair trophies shall He gain:

That all-devouring Dragon,With blood of martyrs red,On whose abhorred powerJohn's solemn curse is laid.

And thus the proud usurperOf His high name is castBy Him, the true Christ, vanquishedTo deepest hell at last.

Upon the saint heroicSuch wondrous slumber fallsThat, in the spirit roaming,He treads heaven's highest halls.

We may not, in our weakness,To dreams like these aspire,Whose souls are steeped in errorAnd evil things desire.

Enough, if weary bodiesIn peaceful sleep may rest;Enough, if no dark powersOur slumbering souls molest.

Christian! the font remember,The sacramental vow,The holy water sprinkled,The oil that marked thy brow!

When at sleep's call thou seekestTo rest in slumber chaste,Let first the sacred emblemOn breast and brow be traced.

The Cross dispels all darkness,All sin before it flies,And by that sign protectedThe mind all fear defies.

Avaunt! ye fleeting phantomsThat mock our midnight hours;Avaunt! thou great DeceiverWith all thy guileful powers.

Thou Serpent, old and crafty,Who by a thousand artsAnd manifold temptationsDost vex our sleeping hearts,

Vanish! for Christ is with us;Away! 'tis Christ the Lord:The sign thou must acknowledgeCondemns thy hellish horde.

And, though the weary bodyRelaxed in sleep may be,Our hearts, Lord, e'en in slumber,Shall meditate on Thee.

Words in this poem 25
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]
lethe n.
A river of Hades whose waters when drunk caused forgetfulness of the past.
wakeful a.
Not sleeping; indisposed to sleep; watchful; vigilant.
vigour v. t.
To invigorate. Feltham.
stainless a.
Free from stain; immaculate.
divers a.
Different in kind or species; diverse. [F. divers, L. diversus turned in different directions, different, p. p. of divertere. See Divert, and cf. Diverse.]
splendour n.
Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot the sun. B. Jonson. [L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
fantasy n.
Fancy; imagination; especially, a whimsical or fanciful conception; a vagary of the imagination; whim; caprice; humor. [See Fancy.]
sleeper n.
One who sleeps; a slumberer; hence, a drone, or lazy person.
beckon v. t.
To make a significant sign to; hence, to summon, as by a motion of the hand.
dungeon n.
A close, dark prison, commondonjon or keep of a castle, these being used as prisons. [OE. donjoun highest tower of a castle, tower, prison, F. donjon tower or platform in the midst of a castle, turret, or closet on the top of a house, a keep of a]
fateful a.
Having the power of serving or accomplishing fate.
gibbet n.
A kind of gallows; an upright post with an arm projecting from the top, on which, formerly, malefactors were hanged in chains, and their bodies allowed to remain asa warning. [OE. gibet, F. gibet, in OF. also club, fr. LL. gibetum;; cf. OF. gibe sort of sickle or hook, It. giubbetto gibbet, and giubbetta, dim. of giubba mane, also, an]
potentate n.
One who is potent; one who possesses great power or sway; a prince, sovereign, or monarch. [LL. potentatus, fr. potentare to exercise power: cf. F. potentat. See Potent, a.]
sceptre n.
A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]
sacrificial a.
Of or pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices; consisting in sacrifice; performing sacrifice.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
antichrist n.
A denier or opponent of Christ. Specif.: A great antagonist, person or power, expected to precede Christ's second coming.
usurper n.
One who usurps; especially, one who seizes illegally on sovereign power; as, the usurper of a throne, of power, or of the rights of a patron.
aspire v. t.
To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to.
molest v. t.
To trouble; to disturb; to render uneasy; to interfere with; to vex. [F. molester, L. molestare, fr. molestus troublesome, fr. moles a heavy mass, load, burden. See 3d Mole.]
avaunt v. t.
To advance; to move forward; to elevate.
guileful a.
Full of guile; characterized by cunning, deceit, or treachery; guilty.
horde n.
A wandering troop or gang; especially, a clan or tribe of a nomadic people migrating from place to place for the sake of pasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory multitude. Thomson. [F. horde (cf. G. horde), fr. Turk. ord, ordi, camp; of Tartar origin.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Hymn Before Sleep is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Hymns of Prudentius, Project Gutenberg ebook #14959; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Prudentius, Hymn Before Sleep, in The Hymns of Prudentius (1905), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14959, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/prudentius-hymns/hymn-before-sleep.html, id L23677.

Form and metre

Hymn Before Sleep is 152 lines in 38 stanzas of 4 lines each. The metre is common measure, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in common measure.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A-A father · eyeA · eternal · nighA
  2. 2 -A-A godhead · transcendsA · begotten · descendsA
  3. 3 -A-A approaches · pastA · bodies · castA
  4. 4 -A-A tormented · stressA · potion · forgetfulnessA
  5. 5 -A-A mortals · stealA · sorrow · feelA
  6. 6 -A-A creation · keepA · lightened · sleepA
  7. 7 -A-A wanders · veinsA · slumber · remainsA
  8. 8 -A-A vigour · fliesA · semblance · mysteriesA
  9. 9 -A-A spirit · skyA · aether · lieA
  10. 10 -A-A phantoms · nightA · fancy · flightA
  11. 11 -A-A visions · showsA · splendour · discloseA
  12. 13 -A-A holy · concealedA · spirit · revealedA
  13. 14 -A-A blackened · imbuedA · ghastly · deludeA
  14. 15 -A-A dungeon · oldA · servants · toldA
  15. 17 -A-A distracted · nightA · harvests · blightA
  16. 18 -A-A kingdom · potentateA · sceptre · stateA
  17. 19 -A-A secrets · seesA · highest · mysteriesA
  18. 20 -A-A servant · awayA · wonders · layA
  19. 21 -A-A encrimsoned · stainsA · open · containsA
  20. 22 -A-A wielded · brandA · lightning · handA
  21. 23 -A-A judgment · lieA · smiteth · dieA
  22. 24 -A-A justice · sendsA · pardon · endsA
  23. 26 -A-A transcendent · slainA · monster · gainA
  24. 28 -A-A usurper · castA · vanquished · lastA
  25. 29 -A-A heroic · fallsA · roaming · hallsA
  26. 31 -A-A bodies · restA · powers · molestA
  27. 32 -A-A remember · vowA · sprinkled · browA
  28. 33 AA-A seekestA · chasteA · emblem · tracedA
  29. 34 -A-A darkness · fliesA · protected · defiesA
  30. 35 -A-A phantoms · hoursA · deceiver · powersA
  31. 36 -A-A crafty · artsA · temptations · heartsA
  32. 37 -A-A us · lordA · acknowledge · hordeA
  33. 38 -A-A body · beA · slumber · theeA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against common measure. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Draw near, Almighty Father,7··˘/˘/˘
Ne'er seen by mortal eye;6···/˘·
Come, O Thou Word eternal,7····˘/˘
O Spirit blest, be nigh.6·/˘···
One light of threefold Godhead,7···/·/·
One power that all transcends;7·/˘··˘/
God is of God begotten,7····˘/˘
And God from both descends.6····˘/
The hour of rest approaches,8·/˘··˘/˘
The toils of day are past,6······
And o'er our tired bodies8··/˘/˘/˘
Sleep's gentle charm is cast.6·/˘···
The mind, by cares tormented7····/·˘
Amid life's storm and stress,6˘/····
Drinks deep the wondrous potion7···/˘/˘
That brings forgetfulness.6··˘/˘˘
O'er weary, toil-worn mortals7·/˘··/˘
The spells of Lethe steal;6···/˘·
Sad hearts lose all their sorrow,7·····/˘
Nor pain nor anguish feel.6···/˘·
For to His frail creation7····˘/˘
God gave this law to keep,6······
That labour should be lightened8·/˘··/˘˘
By soft and healing sleep.6···/˘·
But while sweet languor wanders7···/˘/˘
Through all the pulsing veins,6···/˘·
And, wrapt in dewy slumber,7···/˘/˘
The heart at rest remains,6····˘/
The soul, in wakeful vigour,7···/˘/˘
Aloft in freedom flies,6˘/·/˘·
And sees in many a semblance8···/˘·/˘
The hidden mysteries.6·/˘/˘˘
For, freed from care, the spirit7·····/˘
That came from out the sky,6······
Born of the stainless aether,7···/˘··
Can never idle lie.6·/˘/˘·
A thousand changing phantoms7·/˘/˘/˘
She fashions through the night,6·/˘···
And 'midst a world of fancy7·····/˘
Pursues her rapid flight.6˘/·/˘·
But divers are the visions7·/˘··/˘
That night to dreamers shows;6···/˘·
Rare gleams of straying splendour7···/˘/˘
The future may disclose;6·/˘·˘/
More oft the truth is darkened,8·····/˘˘
And lying fantasy6·/˘/˘˘
Deceives the affrighted sleeper8˘/····/˘
With cunning treachery.6·/˘/˘˘
To him whose life is holy7·····/˘
The things that are concealed7····˘/˘
Lie open to his spirit7·/˘··/˘
In radiant light revealed;8·/˘˘·˘/˘
But he whose heart is blackened,8·····/˘˘
With many a sin imbued,8·/˘··˘/˘
Sees phantoms grim and ghastly7·/˘··/˘
That beckon and delude.6·/˘·˘/
So in the Egyptian dungeon8···˘/˘/˘
The patriarch of old6·/˘···
Unto the king's two servants7·····/˘
Their fateful visions told:6·/˘/˘·
And one is brought from prison7·····/˘
The monarch's wine to pour,6·/····
One, on the gibbet hanging,7···/˘/˘
Foul birds of prey devour,7····˘/˘
He warned the king, distracted8··˘··˘/˘
By riddles of the night,6·/˘···
To hoard the plenteous harvests8···/˘˘/˘
Against the years of blight.6······
Soon, lord of half a kingdom,7·····/˘
A mighty potentate,6·/˘/˘·
He shares the royal sceptre7···/˘/˘
And dwells in princely state.6···/˘·
But ah! how deep the secrets7·····/˘
The holy sleeper sees6·/˘/˘·
To whom Christ shows His highest,7·····/˘
Most sacred mysteries.7·/˘˘/˘˘
For God's most faithful servant7···/˘/˘
The clouds were rolled away,7····˘˘/
And John beheld the wonders7··˘/·/˘
That sealed from mortals lay.7··˘·/˘·
The Lamb of God, encrimsoned8·······˘
With sacrificial stains,6··˘/˘·
Alone the Book can open7˘/···/˘
That destiny contains.6·/˘˘˘/
By His strong hand is wielded7·····/˘
A keen, two-edged brand5·····
That, flashing like the lightning,7·/˘··/˘
Smites swift on either hand.6···/˘·
Before His bar of judgment7·····/˘
Both soul and body lie;6···/˘·
He whom that dread sword smiteth7·····/˘
The second death shall die.6·/˘···
Yet mercy tempers justice,7·/˘/˘/˘
And few the Avenger sends7···˘/˘·
(Whose guilt is past all pardon)7·····/˘
To death that never ends.6···/˘·
To Him the Father yieldeth7···/˘/˘
The judgment-seat of Heaven;7·/˘··/˘
To Him a Name excelling7····˘/˘
All other names is given.7·/˘··/˘
For by His strength transcendent7····˘/˘
Shall Antichrist be slain,6·/˘˘··
And from that raging monster7···/˘/˘
Fair trophies shall He gain:6·/˘···
That all-devouring Dragon,8··˘/˘˘/˘
With blood of martyrs red,6···/˘·
On whose abhorred power7··˘/˘/˘
John's solemn curse is laid.6·/˘···
And thus the proud usurper7····˘/˘
Of His high name is cast6······
By Him, the true Christ, vanquished8·····/˘˘
To deepest hell at last.6·/˘···
Upon the saint heroic7····˘/˘
Such wondrous slumber falls6·/˘/˘·
That, in the spirit roaming,7···/˘/˘
He treads heaven's highest halls.7··/˘/˘·
We may not, in our weakness,8····/˘/˘
To dreams like these aspire,6····˘/
Whose souls are steeped in error8····˘·/˘
And evil things desire.7·/˘·˘/˘
Enough, if weary bodies7˘/·/˘/˘
In peaceful sleep may rest;6·/˘···
Enough, if no dark powers7˘/···/˘
Our slumbering souls molest.8/˘/˘˘·˘/
Christian! the font remember,7/˘··˘/˘
The sacramental vow,6·/˘˘˘·
The holy water sprinkled,8·/˘/˘/˘˘
The oil that marked thy brow!7····˘··
When at sleep's call thou seekest7·····/˘
To rest in slumber chaste,6···/˘·
Let first the sacred emblem8···/˘˘/˘
On breast and brow be traced.7······˘
The Cross dispels all darkness,7··˘/·/˘
All sin before it flies,6······
And by that sign protected7····˘/˘
The mind all fear defies.6····˘/
Avaunt! ye fleeting phantoms7˘/·/˘/˘
That mock our midnight hours;8··/˘/·/˘
Avaunt! thou great Deceiver7˘/··˘/˘
With all thy guileful powers.7···/˘/˘
Thou Serpent, old and crafty,7·/˘··/˘
Who by a thousand arts6···/˘·
And manifold temptations7·/˘·˘/˘
Dost vex our sleeping hearts,7··/˘/˘·
Vanish! for Christ is with us;7/˘·····
Away! 'tis Christ the Lord:6˘/····
The sign thou must acknowledge7····˘/˘
Condemns thy hellish horde.6˘/·/˘·
And, though the weary body7···/˘/˘
Relaxed in sleep may be,7˘/˘····
Our hearts, Lord, e'en in slumber,8/˘····/˘
Shall meditate on Thee.6·/˘···

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