Pythian XI

Pindar (518 BC–438 BC), translated by Arthur S. Way · 1922

iambic pentameter · AABBCCDD · 88 lines · from The Odes of Pindar

Daughters of Kadmus!—Semele borne mid flameTo Olympus' streets—White Goddess whose earth-nameWas Ino, who dost share the hyaline cavesOf Nereus' daughters, maidens of the waves;Come with the mother of that mighty sonHerakles: pace to Melia's temple on.Come to the treasure-house of tripods goldenWhich Loxias hath in chiefest honour holden,

And named the Shrine Ismenian, the homeOf truthful oracles. Ye children comeBorn of Harmonia! Lo, he doth commandThe host of goddess-heroines of the landTo gather to his temple, that at fallOf eventide ye may with one voice allOf holy Themis sing, of Pytho's visions,And of Earth's Heart that giveth just decisions.

Of seven-gated Thebes the glory sing,And of the strife in Kirrha's athlete-ringWherein hath Thrasydaius made renownedHis sire's hearth, for the third time garland-crownedIn those rich fields where Pylades the loyalWelcomed the heir to Sparta's sceptre royal,

Orestes: him his nurse ArsinoeRescued from the fierce hands, the treacheryMost foul of Klytaemnestra, when she laidThe young child's father dead with murderous blade,And when with the pale-gleaming bronze she spedTo Acheron's shadowy margent of the deadKassandra, Dardanid Priam's prophet-daughterWith Agamemnon's soul, in one red slaughter

Wrought by a ruthless woman. Was she stungBy heavy-handed wrath, to life that sprungWhen on the altar Iphigeneia layBeside Euripus' sea-gorge, far awayFrom her own land? Or was she adultery's thrallPassion-seduced to sin beneath night's pall?—For brides new-wedded hatefullest transgression,Not to be hidden, made the world's possession

By scandal-gloating neighbours' tongues: for spiteOf jealousy clings cloudlike to the heightOf royal station. Of the common herdThe sins and follies pass unmarked, unheard.So, after ten long years returned, to die onHis own hearth-stone in Amyklae, Atreus' scion,

And drew to death with him the prophetess-maid,When he, avenging Helen's rape, had laidLow all Troy's homes delectable in flame.But that child-head, his son Orestes, cameSafe to old Strophius, his father's guest,Who in the vale dwelt 'neath Parnassus' crest.And the years watched that murderess, till they brought herA son to join with hers her paramour's slaughter.

Surely, O friends, where brancheth into twainOne track, in wilderment have I in vainSought the straight path I travelled hitherto!Was it some wind that from the right course blewMe, as a boat drifts chartless o'er the sea?Nay, Muse, 'tis thine, if thou for silver feeDidst covenant to uplift thy voice in singing,To send it this way now, now that way ringing,

Now to the father's wreath at Pytho won,To Thrasydaius now, his victor son.Gladness and glory ever shine on these:Erewhile they won proud chariot-victoriesWhen down Olympus' world-famed course went dashingTheir horses' splendour of swiftness sunlike-flashing.

Last, mid disvestured runners forth they cameIn Pytho's athlete-lists, and put to shameA host of Hellene rivals by their speed.God grant that I may crave such prowess-meedAs fits with honour, while life's tree is greenMay seek things possible. Still have I seen,In all states, happiest is the middle station,But despotism hath my condemnation.

The general good I seek with my whole might.So baffled is infatuate envy's spite,When he who hath climbed high holds his spirit's reins,And the brute pride of arrogance restrains.So, when his feet draw nigh the last long home,More bright and fair to him shall dark death come,Who to his nearest and his dearest leavethA good name—costlier treasure none receiveth.

'Tis this hath raised above the common throngIolaus Iphikles' son renowned in song;So Kastor's might lives on in poesy's strain,And thine, King Polydeukes, god-born twain,Who in the tomb lie through one day of sorrow,On whom Heaven's glory shineth on each morrow.

Words in this poem 29
semele n.
A daughter of Cadmus, and by Zeus mother of Bacchus.
hyaline a.
Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass; transparent, like crystal. [L. hyalinus, Gr. hyalin.]
chiefest a.
First or foremost; chief; principal. [Superl. of Chief.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
eventide n.
The time of evening; evening. [AS. æfentid. See Tide.]
themis n.
The goddess of law and order; the patroness of existing rights.
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
sceptre n.
A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]
margent n.
A margin; border; brink; edge. [OE. See Margin.]
ruthless a.
Having no ruth; cruel; pitiless.
wedded a.
Joined in wedlock; married.
unheard a.
Not heard; not perceived by the ear; as, words unheard by those present.
delectable a.
Highly pleasing; delightful. [OF. delitable, OF. delitable, F. délectable, fr. L. delectabilis, fr. delectare to delight. See Delight.]
vale n.
A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
murderess n.
A woman who commits murder.
twain a.
Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
wilderment n.
The state of being bewildered; confusion; bewilderment.
hitherto adv.
To this place; to a prescribed limit.
chartless a.
Without a chart; having no guide.
didst
, the 2d pers. sing. imp. of Do.
uplift v. t.
To lift or raise aloft; to raise; to elevate; as, to uplift the arm; to uplift a rock.
erewhile adv.
Some time ago; a little while before; heretofore.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
splendour n.
Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot the sun. B. Jonson. [L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
hellene n.
A native of either ancient or modern Greece; a Greek. Brewer.
crave v. t.
To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. [AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefia, Sw. kr, Dan. kr.]
prowess n.
Distinguished bravery; valor; especially, military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity; fearlessness. Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney. [OF. proece, proesce, F. prouesse. See Prow, a.]
meed v. t.
To reward; to repay. Waytt.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Pythian XI is in the public domain. This text is taken from Pindar in English Verse, Internet Archive, the Arthur S. Way translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Pindar, Pythian XI, in The Odes of Pindar (1922), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/pindar-odes/pythian-11.html, id L29148.

Form and metre

Pythian XI is 88 lines in 12 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is AABBCCDD, complete in 7 of its 12 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 84%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCCC flameA · nameA · cavesB · wavesB · sonC · onC · goldenC · holdenC
  2. 2 AABBCCDD homeA · comeA · commandB · landB · fallC · allC · visionsD · decisionsD
  3. 3 AABBCC singA · ringA · renownedB · crownedB · loyalC · royalC
  4. 4 AABBCCDD arsinoeA · treacheryA · laidB · bladeB · spedC · deadC · daughterD · slaughterD
  5. 5 AABBCCDD stungA · sprungA · layB · awayB · thrallC · pallC · transgressionD · possessionD
  6. 6 AABBCC spiteA · heightA · herdB · unheardB · onC · scionC
  7. 7 AABBCCDD maidA · laidA · flameB · cameB · guestC · crestC · herD · slaughterD
  8. 8 AABBCCDD twainA · vainA · hithertoB · blewB · seaC · feeC · singingD · ringingD
  9. 9 AABBCC wonA · sonA · theseB · victoriesB · dashingC · flashingC
  10. 10 AABBCCDD cameA · shameA · speedB · meedB · greenC · seenC · stationD · condemnationD
  11. 11 AABBCCDD mightA · spiteA · reinsB · restrainsB · homeC · comeC · leavethD · receivethD
  12. 12 AABBCC throngA · songA · strainB · twainB · sorrowC · morrowC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Daughters of Kadmus!—Semele borne mid flame11/˘···/˘····
To Olympus' streets—White Goddess whose earth-name11·˘/˘··/˘···
Was Ino, who dost share the hyaline caves11·······/˘˘·
Of Nereus' daughters, maidens of the waves;10···/˘/˘···
Come with the mother of that mighty son10···/˘··/˘·
Herakles: pace to Melia's temple on.10····/˘˘/˘·
Come to the treasure-house of tripods golden11···/˘··/·/˘
Which Loxias hath in chiefest honour holden,11·····/˘/˘/˘
And named the Shrine Ismenian, the home10··˘·······
Of truthful oracles. Ye children come10·/˘/˘˘·/˘·
Born of Harmonia! Lo, he doth command10··˘/˘···˘/
The host of goddess-heroines of the land11···/˘/·˘···
To gather to his temple, that at fall10·/˘··/˘···
Of eventide ye may with one voice all10·/˘˘······
Of holy Themis sing, of Pytho's visions,11·/˘/˘····/˘
And of Earth's Heart that giveth just decisions.11·····/˘·˘/˘
Of seven-gated Thebes the glory sing,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And of the strife in Kirrha's athlete-ring10·······/··
Wherein hath Thrasydaius made renowned10·······˘/˘
His sire's hearth, for the third time garland-crowned10·······/˘·
In those rich fields where Pylades the loyal10········/˘
Welcomed the heir to Sparta's sceptre royal,11/˘···/˘/˘/˘
Orestes: him his nurse Arsinoe9˘/˘······
Rescued from the fierce hands, the treachery10/˘·····/˘˘
Most foul of Klytaemnestra, when she laid10··········
The young child's father dead with murderous blade,10···/˘··/˘·
And when with the pale-gleaming bronze she sped10·····/˘···
To Acheron's shadowy margent of the dead11····/˘/˘···
Kassandra, Dardanid Priam's prophet-daughter12······/·/˘/˘
With Agamemnon's soul, in one red slaughter11··˘/·····/˘
Wrought by a ruthless woman. Was she stung10···/˘/˘···
By heavy-handed wrath, to life that sprung10·/˘/˘·····
When on the altar Iphigeneia lay10···/˘·····
Beside Euripus' sea-gorge, far away10˘/˘/˘···˘/
From her own land? Or was she adultery's thrall11·······˘/˘·
Passion-seduced to sin beneath night's pall?—10/˘˘/······
For brides new-wedded hatefullest transgression,11···/˘/˘˘˘/˘
Not to be hidden, made the world's possession11···/˘···˘/˘
By scandal-gloating neighbours' tongues: for spite10·/˘/˘·····
Of jealousy clings cloudlike to the height10·/˘˘······
Of royal station. Of the common herd10·/˘/˘··/˘·
The sins and follies pass unmarked, unheard.10···/˘·˘/˘/
So, after ten long years returned, to die on11······˘/···
His own hearth-stone in Amyklae, Atreus' scion,11·········/˘
And drew to death with him the prophetess-maid,10·······/˘·
When he, avenging Helen's rape, had laid10··˘/˘/˘···
Low all Troy's homes delectable in flame.10····˘/˘˘··
But that child-head, his son Orestes, came10······˘/˘·
Safe to old Strophius, his father's guest,9······/˘·
Who in the vale dwelt 'neath Parnassus' crest.10·······/˘·
And the years watched that murderess, till they brought her12·····/˘˘····
A son to join with hers her paramour's slaughter.12··········/˘
Surely, O friends, where brancheth into twain10/˘···/˘···
One track, in wilderment have I in vain10···/˘˘····
Sought the straight path I travelled hitherto!10·····/˘/·/
Was it some wind that from the right course blew10··········
Me, as a boat drifts chartless o'er the sea?10·····/˘···
Nay, Muse, 'tis thine, if thou for silver fee10·······/˘·
Didst covenant to uplift thy voice in singing,11·/˘·/˘···/˘
To send it this way now, now that way ringing,11·········/˘
Now to the father's wreath at Pytho won,10···/˘·····
To Thrasydaius now, his victor son.9······/˘·
Gladness and glory ever shine on these:10/˘·/˘/˘···
Erewhile they won proud chariot-victories11·······/˘/˘
When down Olympus' world-famed course went dashing11··˘/˘····/˘
Their horses' splendour of swiftness sunlike-flashing.12·/˘/˘·/˘/˘/˘
Last, mid disvestured runners forth they came10·····/˘···
In Pytho's athlete-lists, and put to shame10···/······
A host of Hellene rivals by their speed.10···/˘/˘···
God grant that I may crave such prowess-meed10·······/˘·
As fits with honour, while life's tree is green10···/˘·····
May seek things possible. Still have I seen,10···/˘˘····
In all states, happiest is the middle station,11···/˘··/˘/˘
But despotism hath my condemnation.11·/˘·˘···˘/˘
The general good I seek with my whole might.10·/˘·······
So baffled is infatuate envy's spite,11·/˘·˘/˘·/˘·
When he who hath climbed high holds his spirit's reins,11········/˘·
And the brute pride of arrogance restrains.10·····/˘˘˘/
So, when his feet draw nigh the last long home,10··········
More bright and fair to him shall dark death come,10··········
Who to his nearest and his dearest leaveth11···/˘··/˘/˘
A good name—costlier treasure none receiveth.11···/˘/˘·˘/˘
'Tis this hath raised above the common throng10·······/˘·
Iolaus Iphikles' son renowned in song;10·····˘/˘··
So Kastor's might lives on in poesy's strain,10··········
And thine, King Polydeukes, god-born twain,9·········
Who in the tomb lie through one day of sorrow,11·········/˘
On whom Heaven's glory shineth on each morrow.12··/˘/˘/˘··/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Pindar