The Puszta in Winter

Sándor Petőfi (1823–1849), translated by John Bowring · 1866

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 54 lines · from Translations from Alexander Petofi, the Magyar Poet

O'er the widening Puszta's plains, in plains still widening lost,See autumn's heralds round—a melancholy host!The flowers that spring unfolded,The fruits that summer moulded—All—all the thriftless autumn flings away,And leaves to winter darkness and decay.

No longer heard from far the sheep-bells tinkling sound,No longer shepherds' pipes fling their sweet music round;No more the birds are filling,With their melodious thrilling,Heaven's arch! Still'd is the genet's whispering,And even the grasshopper has ceased to sing.

The outstretched wilderness is like a frozen sea,And as a weary bird the sun sinks wearily;Perhaps some hoary clownMay watch his going down,And silently salute the setting sun—But the world heeds not that his race is run.

Empty the fisher's hut—no voice, no living sign,And from the village stalls no lowing of the kine;And if the steeds are driven,Before day dawns in heaven,To the filled water-troughs—the careless steersLook listless on, and shake their shaggy ears.

The herdsman gathers up the green tobacco leaves,Then piles them in a heap, then binds them into sheaves:And from his boots he takesThe pipe—the ashes shakes;Fills it—enkindles it—and, half asleep,Looks on the lazy oxen and the sheep.

All—all is silent—all within the Csárda door,There the good host and hostess sleep and snore;What tho' the cellar's keyBe careless thrown away:Is the good wine in any danger?—No!No man can find his way across the snow.

The north wind and the east in rage contesting blow,This storms the heavens above, that shakes the earth below;Scatters the snowy flakes,As when the bellows makesThe sparks mount upward from the glowing fire—Tempests of hail and rain rave in discordant choir.

At last they rest exhausted,—o'er the Puszta's bed,Like a grey coverlet, a misty shroud is spread;And like a shapeless massI see the Betyar pass;And hear his horse dull-neighing in the wind,—The raven o'er him, and the wolf behind.

And as a monarch rules a subjugated land,Wearing a golden crown, waving a sceptral wand;So the uprisen sun,A more majestic one,Surveys his sovereignty, and then sinks downTo his night's rest, wearing the golden crown.

Words in this poem

thriftless a.
Without thrift; not prudent or prosperous in money affairs.
thrilling a.
Causing a thrill; causing tremulous excitement; deeply moving; as, a thrilling romance.
wearily adv.
In a weary manner.
hoary a.
White or whitish."The hoary willows."
lowing n.
The calling sound made by cows and other bovine animals.
listless a.
Having no desire or inclination; indifferent; heedless; spiritless. [OE. listles, lustles. See Lust.]
hostess n.
A female host; a woman who hospitably entertains guests at her house. [OE. hostesse, ostesse. See Host a landlord.]
snore v. i.
To breathe with a rough, hoarse, nasal voice in sleep. [OE. snoren, AS. snora a snoring; akin to LG. snoren, snorken, snurken, to snore, D. snorken, G. schnarchen to snore, schnarren to rattle, MHG. snarren, Sw. snar]
snowy a.
White like snow.
sceptral a.
Of or pertaining to a scepter; like a scepter.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Puszta in Winter is in the public domain. This text is taken from Translations from Alexander Petofi, the Magyar Poet, by Sir John Bowring (London: Trübner & Co., 1866), Internet Archive, the John Bowring translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Sándor Petőfi, The Puszta in Winter, in Translations from Alexander Petofi, the Magyar Poet (1866), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/petofi-poems-bowring/the-puszta-in-winter.html, id L29821.

Form and metre

The Puszta in Winter is 54 lines in 9 stanzas of 6 lines each. It is in rhyming couplets, 78% of the lines: heroic couplets. This poem did not settle on a metre of its own; the book it comes from is in iambic pentameter.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ----AA lost · host · unfolded · moulded · awayA · decayA
  2. 2 AABB-B soundA · roundA · fillingB · thrillingB · whispering · singB
  3. 3 --AABB sea · wearily · clownA · downA · sunB · runB
  4. 4 AAAABB signA · kineA · drivenA · heavenA · steersB · earsB
  5. 5 AABBCC leavesA · sheavesA · takesB · shakesB · asleepC · sheepC
  6. 6 AA--BB doorA · snoreA · key · away · noB · snowB
  7. 7 AABBCC blowA · belowA · flakesB · makesB · fireC · choirC
  8. 8 AABBCC bedA · spreadA · massB · passB · windC · behindC
  9. 9 --AABB land · wand · sunA · oneA · downB · crownB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
O'er the widening Puszta's plains, in plains still widening lost,13··/˘······/˘·
See autumn's heralds round—a melancholy host!12·/˘/˘··/˘·˘·
The flowers that spring unfolded,8·/˘··˘/˘
The fruits that summer moulded—7···/˘/˘
All—all the thriftless autumn flings away,10···/˘/˘·˘/
And leaves to winter darkness and decay.10···/˘/˘·˘/
No longer heard from far the sheep-bells tinkling sound,12·/˘······/˘·
No longer shepherds' pipes fling their sweet music round;12·/˘/˘····/˘·
No more the birds are filling,7·····/˘
With their melodious thrilling,8··˘/˘˘/˘
Heaven's arch! Still'd is the genet's whispering,10/˘····/˘/˘
And even the grasshopper has ceased to sing.10·/·/·˘····
The outstretched wilderness is like a frozen sea,11·˘//˘···/˘·
And as a weary bird the sun sinks wearily;11···/˘····/˘
Perhaps some hoary clown6˘/·/˘·
May watch his going down,6···/˘·
And silently salute the setting sun—9·/˘˘/·/˘·
But the world heeds not that his race is run.10··········
Empty the fisher's hut—no voice, no living sign,12/˘·/˘····/˘·
And from the village stalls no lowing of the kine;12···/˘··/˘···
And if the steeds are driven,7·····/˘
Before day dawns in heaven,7·····/˘
To the filled water-troughs—the careless steers10···/˘··/˘·
Look listless on, and shake their shaggy ears.10·/˘····/˘·
The herdsman gathers up the green tobacco leaves,12···/˘···˘/··
Then piles them in a heap, then binds them into sheaves:12············
And from his boots he takes6······
The pipe—the ashes shakes;6···/˘·
Fills it—enkindles it—and, half asleep,9·······˘/
Looks on the lazy oxen and the sheep.10···/˘/˘···
All—all is silent—all within the Csárda door,12···/˘·······
There the good host and hostess sleep and snore;10·····/˘···
What tho' the cellar's key6···/˘·
Be careless thrown away:6·/˘·˘/
Is the good wine in any danger?—No!10·····/˘/˘·
No man can find his way across the snow.10······˘/··
The north wind and the east in rage contesting blow,12········˘/˘·
This storms the heavens above, that shakes the earth below;13···/˘········
Scatters the snowy flakes,6/˘·/˘·
As when the bellows makes6···/˘·
The sparks mount upward from the glowing fire—10···/˘··/˘/
Tempests of hail and rain rave in discordant choir.12/˘······˘/˘/
At last they rest exhausted,—o'er the Puszta's bed,12····˘/˘·····
Like a grey coverlet, a misty shroud is spread;12···/˘˘·/˘···
And like a shapeless mass6···/˘·
I see the Betyar pass;6······
And hear his horse dull-neighing in the wind,—10··········
The raven o'er him, and the wolf behind.10·/˘·······
And as a monarch rules a subjugated land,12···/···/˘·˘·
Wearing a golden crown, waving a sceptral wand;12/˘·/˘·/˘·/˘·
So the uprisen sun,6······
A more majestic one,6··˘/˘·
Surveys his sovereignty, and then sinks down9˘/·/˘····
To his night's rest, wearing the golden crown.10····/˘·/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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