The Salt Song
Now none but GodCan save my son:He's dying fast,My little one....
I give him bread---He looks at it,He cries to me,"Put salt on it."I have no salt--No tiny grain;"Take flour," God whispers,"Try again...."
He tastes it once,Once more he tries;"That's not enough,More salt!" he cries.
The flour again....My tears fall fastUpon the bread,--He eats at last!
The mother smilesIn pride and joy:Her tears so saltHave saved the boy.
Young Grisha rememberedThis song; he would sing itQuite low to himselfIn the clerical college.The college was cheerless,And singing this songHe would yearn for his mother,For home, for the peasants,His friends and protectors.And soon, with the loveWhich he bore to his mother,His love for the peopleGrew wider and stronger....At fifteen years oldHe was firmly decidedTo spend his whole lifeIn promoting their welfare,In striving to succourThe poor and afflicted.The demon of maliceToo long over RussiaHas scattered its hate;The shadow of serfdomHas hidden all pathsSave corruption and lying.Another song nowWill arise throughout Russia;The angel of freedomAnd mercy is flyingUnseen o'er our heads,And is calling strong spiritsTo follow the roadWhich is honest and clean.
Oh, tread not the roadSo shining and broad:Along it there speedWith feverish treadThe multitudes ledBy infamous greed.
There lives which are spentWith noble intentAre mocked at in scorn;There souls lie in chains,And bodies and brainsBy passions are torn,
By animal thirstFor pleasures accurstWhich pass in a breath.There hope is in vain,For there is the reignOf darkness and death.
In front of your eyesAnother road lies--'Tis honest and clean.Though steep it appearsAnd sorrow and tearsUpon it are seen:
It leads to the doorOf those who are poor,Who hunger and thirst,Who pant without air.Who die in despair--Oh, there be the first!
The song of the angelOf Mercy not vainlyWas sung to our Grisha.The years of his studyBeing passed, he developedIn thought and in feeling;A passionate singerOf Freedom became he,Of all who are grieving,Down-trodden, afflicted,In Russia so vast.
The bright sun was shining,The cool, fragrant morningWas filled with the sweetnessOf newly-mown hay.Young Grisha was thoughtful,He followed the first roadHe met--an old high-road,An avenue, shadedBy tall curling birch trees.The youth was now gloomy,Now gay; the effectOf the feast was still with him;His thoughts were at work,And in song he expressed them:
"I know that you suffer,O Motherland dear,The thought of it fills me with woe:And Fate has much sorrowIn store yet, I fear,But you will not perish, I know.
"How long since your childrenAs playthings were used,As slaves to base passions and lust;Were bartered like cattle,Were vilely abusedBy masters most cruel and unjust?
"How long since young maidensWere dragged to their shame,Since whistle of whips filled the land,Since 'Service' possessedA more terrible fameThan death by the torturer's hand?
"Enough! It is finished,This tale of the past;'Tis ended, the masters' long sway;The strength of the peopleIs stirring at last,To freedom 'twill point them the way.
"Your burden grows lighter,O Motherland dear,Your wounds less appalling to see.Your fathers were slaves,Smitten helpless by fear,But, Mother, your children are free!"
A small winding footpathNow tempted young Grisha,And guided his stepsTo a very broad hayfield.The peasants were cuttingThe hay, and were singingHis favourite song.Young Grisha was saddenedBy thoughts of his mother,And nearly in angerHe hurried awayFrom the field to the forest.Bright echoes are dartingAbout in the forest;Like quails in the wheatLittle children are romping(The elder ones workIn the hay fields already).He stopped awhile, seekingFor horse-chestnuts with them.The sun was now hot;To the river went GrishaTo bathe, and he hadA good view of the ruinsThat three days beforeHad been burnt. What a picture!No house is left standing;And only the prisonIs saved; just a few daysAgo it was whitewashed;It stands like a littleWhite cow in the pastures.The guards and officialsHave made it their refuge;But all the poor peasantsAre strewn by the riverLike soldiers in camp.Though they're mostly asleep now,A few are astir,And two under-officialsAre picking their wayTo the tent for some vodka'Mid tables and cupboardsAnd waggons and bundles.A tailor approachesThe vodka tent also;A shrivelled old fellow.His irons and his scissorsHe holds in his hands,Like a leaf he is shaking.The pope has arisenFrom sleep, full of prayers.He is combing his hair;Like a girl he is holdingHis long shining plait.Down the Volga comes floatingSome wood-laden rafts,And three ponderous bargesAre anchored beneathThe right bank of the river.The barge-tower yesterdayEvening had dragged themWith songs to their places,And there he is standing,The poor harassed man!He is looking quite gay though,As if on a holiday,Has a clean shirt on;Some farthings are jinglingAloud in his pocket.Young Grisha observes himFor long from the river,And, half to himself,Half aloud, begins singing:
Words in this poem 21
- yearn v. t.
- To pain; to grieve; to vex. [Also earn, ern; probably a corruption of OE. ermen to grieve, AS. ierman, yrman, or geierman, geyrman, fr. earm wretched, poor; akin to D. & G. arm, Icel. armr,]
- succour v. t.
- tiono run to, or run to support; hence, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want, or distress; to assist and deliver from suffering; to relieve; as, to succor a besieged city. [OE. socouren, OF. sucurre, soucourre, secorre, F. secourir, L. succurrere, succursum, to run under, run to the aid of, help, succor; sub under + currere to run.]
- serfdom n.
- The state or condition of a serf.
- unseen a.
- Not seen or discovered.
- greed n.
- An eager desire or longing; greediness; as, a greed of gain. [Akin to Goth. grdus hunger, Icel. graedhr. sq. root34. See Greedy.]
- accurst p. p.
- Doomed to destruction or misery; cursed; hence, bad enough to be under the curse; execrable; detestable; exceedingly hateful; -- as, an accursed deed.
- pant v. i.
- To breathe quickly or in a labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp. [Cf. F. panteler to gasp for breath, OF. panteisier to be breathless, F. pantois out of breath; perh. akin to E. phantom, the verb prob. orig. meaning, to have t]
- avenue n.
- A way or opening for entrance into a place; a passage by which a place may by reached; a way of approach or of exit. [F. avenue, fr. avenir to come to, L. advenire. See Advene.]
- motherland n.
- The country of one's ancestors; -- same as fatherland.
- lust v. i.
- To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
- appalling a.
- Such as to appall; as, an appalling accident.
- footpath n.
- A narrow path or way for pedestrains only; a footway.
- hayfield n.
- A field where grass for hay has been cut; a meadow.
- romping a.
- Inclined to romp; indulging in romps.
- awhile adv.
- For a while; for some time; for a short time. [Adj. a + while time, interval.]
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- astir adv.
- Stirring; in a state of activity or motion; out of bed. [Pref. a- + stir.]
- vodka n.
- A Russian drink distilled from rye. [Russ.]
- anchored a.
- Held by an anchor; at anchor; held safely; as, an anchored bark; also, shaped like an anchor; forked; as, an anchored tongue.
- jingling n.
- The act or process of producing a jingle; also, the sound itself; a chink.
- aloud adv.
- With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Salt Song is in the public domain. This text is taken from Who Can Be Happy and Free in Russia?, Project Gutenberg ebook #9619; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Nikolai Nekrasov, The Salt Song, in Who Can Be Happy and Free in Russia? (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9619, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/nekrasov-who-can-be-happy/the-salt-song.html, id L25523.
Form and metre
The Salt Song is 216 lines in 19 stanzas. The metre is anapaestic dimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).
See other poems in anapaestic dimeter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 -A-A god · sonA · fast · oneA
- 2 -A-A-B-B bread · itA · me · itA · salt · grainB · whispers · againB
- 3 -A-A once · triesA · enough · criesA
- 4 -A-A again · fastA · bread · lastA
- 5 -A-A smiles · joyA · salt · boyA
- 6 ------------------------A---A---- remembered · it · himself · college · cheerless · song · mother · peasants · protectors · love · mother · people · stronger · old · decided · life · welfare · succour · afflicted · malice · russia · hate · serfdom · paths · lyingA · now · russia · freedom · flyingA · heads · spirits · road · clean
- 7 --ABBA road · broad · speedA · treadB · ledB · greedA
- 8 AABCCB spentA · intentA · scornB · chainsC · brainsC · tornB
- 9 AABCCB thirstA · accurstA · breathB · vainC · reignC · deathB
- 10 AABCCB eyesA · liesA · cleanB · appearsC · tearsC · seenB
- 11 --ABBA door · poor · thirstA · airB · despairB · firstA
- 13 -----AAA------ shining · morning · sweetness · hay · thoughtful · roadA · roadA · shadedA · trees · gloomy · effect · him · work · them
- 14 -AB-AB suffer · dearA · woeB · sorrow · fearA · knowB
- 15 -AB-AB children · usedA · lustB · cattle · abusedA · unjustB
- 16 -AB-AB maidens · shameA · landB · possessed · fameA · handB
- 17 -AB-AB finished · pastA · swayB · people · lastA · wayB
- 18 -AB-AB lighter · dearA · seeB · slaves · fearA · freeB
- 19 ----AAA---------------------B--B------------------------------------------ footpath · grisha · steps · hayfield · cuttingA · singingA · songA · saddened · mother · anger · away · forest · darting · forest · wheat · romping · work · already · seeking · them · hot · grisha · had · ruins · before · picture · standing · prison · daysB · whitewashed · little · pasturesB · officials · refuge · peasants · river · camp · now · astir · officials · way · vodka · cupboards · bundles · approaches · also · fellow · scissors · hands · shaking · arisen · prayers · hair · holding · plait · floating · rafts · barges · beneath · river · yesterday · them · places · standing · man · though · holiday · on · jingling · pocket · him · river · himself · singing
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic dimeter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Now none but God | 4 | ···· |
| Can save my son: | 4 | ···· |
| He's dying fast, | 4 | ·/˘· |
| My little one.... | 4 | ·/˘· |
| I give him bread--- | 4 | ···· |
| He looks at it, | 4 | ···· |
| He cries to me, | 4 | ···· |
| "Put salt on it." | 4 | ···· |
| I have no salt-- | 4 | ···· |
| No tiny grain; | 4 | ·/˘· |
| "Take flour," God whispers, | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| "Try again...." | 3 | ·˘/ |
| He tastes it once, | 4 | ···· |
| Once more he tries; | 4 | ···· |
| "That's not enough, | 4 | ··˘/ |
| More salt!" he cries. | 4 | ···· |
| The flour again.... | 5 | ·/˘˘/ |
| My tears fall fast | 4 | ···· |
| Upon the bread,-- | 4 | ···· |
| He eats at last! | 4 | ···· |
| The mother smiles | 4 | ·/˘· |
| In pride and joy: | 4 | ···· |
| Her tears so salt | 4 | ···· |
| Have saved the boy. | 5 | ··˘·· |
| Young Grisha remembered | 6 | ···˘/˘ |
| This song; he would sing it | 6 | ······ |
| Quite low to himself | 5 | ···˘/ |
| In the clerical college. | 7 | ··/˘˘/˘ |
| The college was cheerless, | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| And singing this song | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| He would yearn for his mother, | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| For home, for the peasants, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| His friends and protectors. | 6 | ···˘/˘ |
| And soon, with the love | 5 | ····· |
| Which he bore to his mother, | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| His love for the people | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Grew wider and stronger.... | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| At fifteen years old | 5 | ·˘/·· |
| He was firmly decided | 7 | ··/˘˘/˘ |
| To spend his whole life | 5 | ····· |
| In promoting their welfare, | 7 | ·˘/˘·/· |
| In striving to succour | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| The poor and afflicted. | 6 | ···˘/˘ |
| The demon of malice | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| Too long over Russia | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Has scattered its hate; | 6 | ·/˘˘·· |
| The shadow of serfdom | 6 | ·/···· |
| Has hidden all paths | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Save corruption and lying. | 7 | ·˘/˘·/˘ |
| Another song now | 5 | ˘/˘·· |
| Will arise throughout Russia; | 7 | ·˘/··/˘ |
| The angel of freedom | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| And mercy is flying | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| Unseen o'er our heads, | 6 | ˘/·/˘· |
| And is calling strong spirits | 7 | ··/˘·/˘ |
| To follow the road | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Which is honest and clean. | 6 | ··/˘·· |
| Oh, tread not the road | 5 | ····· |
| So shining and broad: | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Along it there speed | 5 | ˘/··· |
| With feverish tread | 5 | ·/˘˘· |
| The multitudes led | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| By infamous greed. | 5 | ·/˘˘· |
| There lives which are spent | 5 | ····· |
| With noble intent | 5 | ·/˘˘/ |
| Are mocked at in scorn; | 6 | ··˘··· |
| There souls lie in chains, | 5 | ····· |
| And bodies and brains | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| By passions are torn, | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| By animal thirst | 5 | ·/˘˘· |
| For pleasures accurst | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Which pass in a breath. | 5 | ····· |
| There hope is in vain, | 5 | ····· |
| For there is the reign | 5 | ····· |
| Of darkness and death. | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| In front of your eyes | 5 | ····· |
| Another road lies-- | 5 | ˘/˘·· |
| 'Tis honest and clean. | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Though steep it appears | 5 | ···˘/ |
| And sorrow and tears | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Upon it are seen: | 5 | ····· |
| It leads to the door | 5 | ····· |
| Of those who are poor, | 5 | ····· |
| Who hunger and thirst, | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Who pant without air. | 5 | ····· |
| Who die in despair-- | 5 | ···˘/ |
| Oh, there be the first! | 5 | ····· |
| The song of the angel | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Of Mercy not vainly | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| Was sung to our Grisha. | 6 | ···/·· |
| The years of his study | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Being passed, he developed | 7 | /˘··˘/˘ |
| In thought and in feeling; | 6 | ····/˘ |
| A passionate singer | 6 | ·/˘˘/˘ |
| Of Freedom became he, | 6 | ·/˘˘/· |
| Of all who are grieving, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Down-trodden, afflicted, | 6 | ·/˘˘/˘ |
| In Russia so vast. | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| The bright sun was shining, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| The cool, fragrant morning | 6 | ··/˘/˘ |
| Was filled with the sweetness | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Of newly-mown hay. | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Young Grisha was thoughtful, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| He followed the first road | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| He met--an old high-road, | 6 | ······ |
| An avenue, shaded | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| By tall curling birch trees. | 6 | ··/˘·· |
| The youth was now gloomy, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Now gay; the effect | 5 | ···˘/ |
| Of the feast was still with him; | 7 | ······· |
| His thoughts were at work, | 5 | ····· |
| And in song he expressed them: | 7 | ····˘/· |
| "I know that you suffer, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| O Motherland dear, | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| The thought of it fills me with woe: | 8 | ········ |
| And Fate has much sorrow | 6 | ····/˘ |
| In store yet, I fear, | 5 | ····· |
| But you will not perish, I know. | 8 | ····/˘·· |
| "How long since your children | 6 | ····/˘ |
| As playthings were used, | 5 | ·/··· |
| As slaves to base passions and lust; | 8 | ····/˘·· |
| Were bartered like cattle, | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| Were vilely abused | 6 | ····˘/ |
| By masters most cruel and unjust? | 8 | ·/˘·/·˘/ |
| "How long since young maidens | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Were dragged to their shame, | 6 | ··˘··· |
| Since whistle of whips filled the land, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Since 'Service' possessed | 6 | ·/˘˘/˘ |
| A more terrible fame | 6 | ··/˘˘· |
| Than death by the torturer's hand? | 7 | ····/˘· |
| "Enough! It is finished, | 6 | ˘/··/˘ |
| This tale of the past; | 5 | ····· |
| 'Tis ended, the masters' long sway; | 8 | ·/˘·/˘·· |
| The strength of the people | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Is stirring at last, | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| To freedom 'twill point them the way. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| "Your burden grows lighter, | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| O Motherland dear, | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Your wounds less appalling to see. | 8 | ···˘/˘·· |
| Your fathers were slaves, | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Smitten helpless by fear, | 6 | /˘/˘·· |
| But, Mother, your children are free!" | 8 | ·/˘·/˘·· |
| A small winding footpath | 6 | ··/˘/· |
| Now tempted young Grisha, | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| And guided his steps | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| To a very broad hayfield. | 7 | ··/˘·/· |
| The peasants were cutting | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| The hay, and were singing | 6 | ····/˘ |
| His favourite song. | 5 | ····· |
| Young Grisha was saddened | 6 | ····/˘ |
| By thoughts of his mother, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| And nearly in anger | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| He hurried away | 5 | ·/˘˘/ |
| From the field to the forest. | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| Bright echoes are darting | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| About in the forest; | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Like quails in the wheat | 5 | ····· |
| Little children are romping | 7 | /˘/˘·/˘ |
| (The elder ones work | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| In the hay fields already). | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| He stopped awhile, seeking | 6 | ··˘//˘ |
| For horse-chestnuts with them. | 6 | ··/˘·· |
| The sun was now hot; | 5 | ····· |
| To the river went Grisha | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| To bathe, and he had | 5 | ····· |
| A good view of the ruins | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| That three days before | 5 | ····· |
| Had been burnt. What a picture! | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| No house is left standing; | 6 | ····/˘ |
| And only the prison | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| Is saved; just a few days | 6 | ······ |
| Ago it was whitewashed; | 6 | ˘/··/· |
| It stands like a little | 6 | ····/˘ |
| White cow in the pastures. | 6 | ····/˘ |
| The guards and officials | 6 | ···˘/˘ |
| Have made it their refuge; | 6 | ····/˘ |
| But all the poor peasants | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Are strewn by the river | 6 | ····/˘ |
| Like soldiers in camp. | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| Though they're mostly asleep now, | 7 | ··/˘˘/· |
| A few are astir, | 5 | ···˘/ |
| And two under-officials | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| Are picking their way | 5 | ·/˘·· |
| To the tent for some vodka | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| 'Mid tables and cupboards | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| And waggons and bundles. | 6 | ····/˘ |
| A tailor approaches | 6 | ·/˘˘/˘ |
| The vodka tent also; | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| A shrivelled old fellow. | 6 | ·/˘·/˘ |
| His irons and his scissors | 7 | ·/˘··/˘ |
| He holds in his hands, | 5 | ····· |
| Like a leaf he is shaking. | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| The pope has arisen | 6 | ···˘/˘ |
| From sleep, full of prayers. | 5 | ····· |
| He is combing his hair; | 6 | ··/˘·· |
| Like a girl he is holding | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| His long shining plait. | 5 | ··/˘· |
| Down the Volga comes floating | 7 | ··/˘·/˘ |
| Some wood-laden rafts, | 5 | ··/˘· |
| And three ponderous barges | 7 | ··/˘˘/˘ |
| Are anchored beneath | 6 | ·/˘˘·· |
| The right bank of the river. | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| The barge-tower yesterday | 6 | ··//˘· |
| Evening had dragged them | 6 | /˘··˘· |
| With songs to their places, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| And there he is standing, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| The poor harassed man! | 6 | ··˘/˘· |
| He is looking quite gay though, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| As if on a holiday, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Has a clean shirt on; | 5 | ····· |
| Some farthings are jingling | 7 | ·/˘·/˘˘ |
| Aloud in his pocket. | 6 | ˘/··/˘ |
| Young Grisha observes him | 6 | ···˘/· |
| For long from the river, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| And, half to himself, | 5 | ···˘/ |
| Half aloud, begins singing: | 7 | ·˘/˘//˘ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.