Chapter II: A Song

Nikolai Nekrasov (1821–1878) · 1917

trochaic trimeter · 292 lines · from Who Can Be Happy and Free in Russia?

Stand before your judge--And your legs will quake!Stand before the priestOn your wedding-day,--How your head will ache!How your head will ache!You will call to mindSongs of long ago,Songs of gloom and woe:Telling how the guestsCrowd into the yard,Run to see the brideWhom the husband bringsHomeward at his side.How his parents bothFling themselves on her;How his brothers soonCall her "wasteful one";How his sisters nextCall her "giddy one";How his father growls,"Greedy little bear!"How his mother snarls,"Cannibal!" at her.She is "slovenly"And "disorderly,"She's a "wicked one"!

"All that's in the songHappened now to me.Do you know the song?Have you heard it sung?"

"Yes, we know it well;Gossip, you begin,We will all join in."

So sleepy, so wearyI am, and my heavy headClings to the pillow.But out in the passageMy Father-in-lawBegins stamping and swearing.

Stamping and swearing!Stamping and swearing!He won't let the poor womanRest for a moment.Up, up, up, lazy-head!Up, up, up, lie-abed!Lazy-head!Lie-abed!Slut!

So sleepy, so wearyI am, and my heavy headClings to the pillow;But out in the passageMy Mother-in-lawBegins scolding and nagging.

Scolding and nagging!Scolding and nagging!She won't let the poor womanRest for a moment.Up, up, up, lazy-head!Up, up, up, lie-abed!Lazy-head!Lie-abed!Slut!

"A quarrelsome householdIt was--that of Philip'sTo which I belonged now;And I from my girlhoodStepped straight into Hell.My husband departedTo work in the city,And leaving, advised meTo work and be silent,To yield and be patient:'Don't splash the red ironWith cold water--it hisses!'With father and motherAnd sisters-in-law heNow left me alone;Not a soul was among themTo love or to shield me,But many to scold.One sister-in-law--It was Martha, the eldest,--Soon set me to workLike a slave for her pleasure.And Father-in-law tooOne had to look after,Or else all his clothesTo redeem from the tavern.In all that one didThere was need to be careful,Or Mother-in-law'sSuperstitions were troubled(One never could please her).Well, some superstitionsOf course may be right;But they're most of them evil.And one day it happenedThat Mother-in-lawMurmured low to her husbandThat corn which is stolenGrows faster and better.So Father-in-lawStole away after midnight....It chanced he was caught,And at daybreak next morningBrought back and flung downLike a log in the stable.

"But I acted alwaysAs Philip had told me:I worked, with the angerHid deep in my bosom,And never a murmurAllowed to escape me.And then with the winterCame Philip, and brought meA pretty silk scarf;And one feast-day he took meTo drive in the sledges;And quickly my sorrowsWere lost and forgotten:I sang as in old daysAt home, with my father.For I and my husbandWere both of an age,And were happy togetherWhen only they left usAlone, but rememberA husband like PhilipNot often is found."

"Do you mean to sayThat he never once beat you?"

Matrona was plainlyConfused by the question;"Once, only, he beat me,"She said, very low."And why?" asked the peasants.

"Well, you know yourselves, friends,How quarrels ariseIn the homes of the peasants.A young married sisterOf Philip's one dayCame to visit her parents.She found she had holesIn her boots, and it vexed her.Then Philip said, 'Wife,Fetch some boots for my sister.'And I did not answerAt once; I was liftingA large wooden tub,So, of course, couldn't speak.But Philip was angryWith me, and he waitedUntil I had hoistedThe tub to the oven,Then struck me a blowWith his fist, on my temple.

"'We're glad that you came,But you see that you'd betterKeep out of the way,'Said the other young sisterTo her that was married."Again Philip struck me!

"'It's long since I've seen you,My dearly-loved daughter,But could I have knownHow the baggage would treat you!'...Whined Mother-in-law.

"And again Philip struck me!

"Well, that is the story.'Tis surely not fittingFor wives to sit countingThe blows of their husbands,But then I had promisedTo keep nothing back."

"Ah, well, with these women--The poisonous serpents!--A corpse would awakenAnd snatch up a horsewhip,"The peasants say, smiling.

Matrona said nothing.The peasants, in orderTo keep the occasionIn manner befitting,Are filling the glasses;And now they are singingIn voices of thunderA rollicking chorus,Of husbands' relations,And wielding the knout.

"Cruel hated husband,Hark! he is coming!Holding the knout...."

"Hear the lash whistle!See the blood spurt!Ai, leli, leli!See the blood spurt!"

"Run to his father!Bowing before him--'Save me!' I beg him;'Stop my fierce husband--Venomous serpent!'Father-in-law says,'Beat her more soundly!Draw the blood freely!'"

"Hear the lash whistle!See the blood spurt!Ai, leli, leli!See the blood spurt!"

"Quick--to his mother!Bowing before her--'Save me!' I beg her;'Stop my cruel husband!Venomous serpent!'Mother-in-law says,'Beat her more soundly,Draw the blood freely!'"

"Hear the lash whistle!See the blood spurt!Ai, leli, leli!See the blood spurt!"

"On Lady-day PhilipWent back to the city;A little while laterOur baby was born.Like a bright-coloured pictureWas he--little Djoma;The sunbeams had givenTheir radiance to him,The pure snow its whiteness;The poppies had paintedHis lips; by the sableHis brow had been pencilled;The falcon had fashionedHis eyes, and had lent themTheir wonderful brightness.At sight of his firstAngel smile, all the angerAnd bitterness nursedIn my bosom was melted;It vanished awayLike the snow on the meadowsAt sight of the smilingSpring sun. And not longerI worried and fretted;I worked, and in silenceI let them upbraid.But soon after thatA misfortune befell me:The manager byThe Pomyeshchick appointed,Called Sitnikov, hotlyBegan to pursue me.'My lovely Tsaritsa!'My rosy-ripe berry!'Said he; and I answered,'Be off, shameless rascal!Remember, the berryIs not in your forest!'I stayed from the field-work,And hid in the cottage;He very soon found me.I hid in the corn-loft,But Mother-in-lawDragged me out to the courtyard;'Now don't play with fire, girl!'She said. I besought herTo send him away,But she answered me roughly,'And do you want PhilipTo serve as a soldier?'I ran to Savyeli,The grandfather, beggingHis aid and advice.

"I haven't yet told youA word of Savyeli,The only one livingOf Philip's relationsWho pitied and loved me.Say, friends, shall I tell youAbout him as well?"

"Yes, tell us his tale,And we'll each throw a coupleOf sheaves in to-morrow,Above what we promised."

"Well, well," says Matrona,"And 'twould be a pityTo give old SavyeliNo place in the story;For he was a happy one,Too--the old man...."

Words in this poem 20
ache n.
A name given to several species of plants; as, smallage, wild celery, parsley. Holland. [F. ache, L. apium parsley.]
homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
cannibal n.
A human being that eats human flesh; hence, any that devours its own kind. Darwin. [Cf. F. cannibale. Columbus, in a letter to the Spanish monarchs written in Oct., 1498, mentions that the people of Hayti lived in great fear of the Caribales (e]
nagging a.
Fault-finding; teasing; persistently annoying; as, a nagging toothache.
girlhood n.
State or time of being a girl.
stole n.
A long, loose garment reaching to the feet. [AS. stole, L. stola, Gr. stall. See Stall.]
daybreak n.
The time of the first appearance of light in the morning.
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]
horsewhip n.
A whip for horses.
wielding n.
Power; authority; rule.
knout n.
A kind of whip for flogging criminals, formerly much used in Russia. The last is a tapering bundle of leather thongs twisted with wire and hardened, so that it mangles the flesh. [Russ. knut'; prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. knut knot, knout, Icel. kn knot: cf. F. knout. See Knot.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
coloured a.
Having color; tinged; dyed; painted; stained.
sable n.
A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
upbraid n.
The act of reproaching; contumely.
hotly adv.
In a hot or fiery manner; ardently; vehemently; violently; hastily; as, a hotly pursued. [From Hot, a.]
tsaritsa n.
The title of the empress of Russia. See Czarina. [Russ. tsaritsa. Cf. Czarina.]
stayed a.
Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See Staid.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter II: A Song is in the public domain. This text is taken from Who Can Be Happy and Free in Russia?, Project Gutenberg ebook #9619; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Nikolai Nekrasov, Chapter II: A Song, in Who Can Be Happy and Free in Russia? (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9619, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/nekrasov-who-can-be-happy/chapter-ii-a-song.html, id L25507.

Form and metre

Chapter II: A Song is 292 lines in 28 stanzas. The metre is trochaic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 77%).

See other poems in trochaic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A--AA-BB--C-C-D-E-E---D--E judge · quakeA · priest · day · acheA · acheA · mind · agoB · woeB · guests · yard · brideC · brings · sideC · both · herD · soon · oneE · next · oneE · growls · bear · snarls · herD · slovenly · disorderly · oneE
  2. 2 A-A- songA · me · songA · sung
  3. 3 -AA well · beginA · inA
  4. 5 AA--BBBB- swearingA · swearingA · woman · moment · headB · abedB · headB · abedB · slut
  5. 7 AA--BBBB- naggingA · naggingA · woman · moment · headB · abedB · headB · abedB · slut
  6. 8 ---A-A----B--CB-C---------------------------- household · philip's · now · girlhoodA · hell · departedA · city · me · silent · patient · ironB · hisses · mother · heC · aloneB · them · meC · scold · law · eldest · work · pleasure · too · after · clothes · tavern · did · careful · law's · troubled · her · superstitions · right · evil · happened · law · husband · stolen · better · law · midnight · caught · morning · down · stable
  7. 9 AB---B-B-BAA-A-------- alwaysA · meB · anger · bosom · murmur · meB · winter · meB · scarf · meB · sledgesA · sorrowsA · forgotten · daysA · father · husband · age · together · us · remember · philip · found
  8. 12 ---A-----A---------- friends · arise · peasants · sisterA · day · parents · holes · her · wife · sisterA · answer · lifting · tub · speak · angry · waited · hoisted · oven · blow · temple
  9. 14 A--A- youA · daughter · known · youA · law
  10. 20 -A-A whistle · spurtA · leli · spurtA
  11. 21 -AA----- father · himA · himA · husband · serpent · says · soundly · freely
  12. 22 -A-A whistle · spurtA · leli · spurtA
  13. 23 -AA----- mother · herA · herA · husband · serpent · says · soundly · freely
  14. 24 -A-A whistle · spurtA · leli · spurtA
  15. 25 ---------------A-A-----B-B-CCB-C--------------------- philip · city · later · born · picture · djoma · given · him · whiteness · painted · sable · pencilled · fashioned · them · brightness · firstA · anger · nursedA · melted · away · meadows · smiling · longer · frettedB · silence · upbraidB · that · meC · byC · appointedB · hotly · meC · tsaritsa · berry · answered · rascal · berry · forest · work · cottage · me · loft · law · courtyard · girl · her · away · roughly · philip · soldier · savyeli · begging · advice
  16. 26 A----A- youA · savyeli · living · relations · me · youA · well
  17. 27 AA-- taleA · coupleA · morrow · promised
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Stand before your judge--5·····
And your legs will quake!5·····
Stand before the priest5·····
On your wedding-day,--5··/˘·
How your head will ache!5·····
How your head will ache!5·····
You will call to mind5·····
Songs of long ago,5···˘/
Songs of gloom and woe:5·····
Telling how the guests5/˘···
Crowd into the yard,5·····
Run to see the bride5·····
Whom the husband brings5··/˘·
Homeward at his side.5/˘···
How his parents both5··/˘·
Fling themselves on her;5·˘/··
How his brothers soon5··/˘·
Call her "wasteful one";5··/˘·
How his sisters next5··/˘·
Call her "giddy one";5··/˘·
How his father growls,5··/˘·
"Greedy little bear!"5/˘/˘·
How his mother snarls,5··/˘·
"Cannibal!" at her.5/˘˘··
She is "slovenly"5··/˘˘
And "disorderly,"5·˘/˘˘
She's a "wicked one"!6··/˘˘·
"All that's in the song5·····
Happened now to me.6/˘˘···
Do you know the song?5·····
Have you heard it sung?"5·····
"Yes, we know it well;5·····
Gossip, you begin,5/˘·˘/
We will all join in."5·····
So sleepy, so weary6·/˘·/˘
I am, and my heavy head7····/˘·
Clings to the pillow.5···/˘
But out in the passage6····/˘
My Father-in-law5·/˘··
Begins stamping and swearing.7˘//˘·/˘
Stamping and swearing!5/˘·/˘
Stamping and swearing!5/˘·/˘
He won't let the poor woman7·····/˘
Rest for a moment.5···/˘
Up, up, up, lazy-head!6···/˘·
Up, up, up, lie-abed!6····˘/
Lazy-head!3/˘·
Lie-abed!3·˘/
Slut!1·
So sleepy, so weary6·/˘·/˘
I am, and my heavy head7····/˘·
Clings to the pillow;5···/˘
But out in the passage6····/˘
My Mother-in-law5·/˘··
Begins scolding and nagging.7˘//˘·/˘
Scolding and nagging!5/˘·/˘
Scolding and nagging!5/˘·/˘
She won't let the poor woman7·····/˘
Rest for a moment.5···/˘
Up, up, up, lazy-head!6···/˘·
Up, up, up, lie-abed!6····˘/
Lazy-head!3/˘·
Lie-abed!3·˘/
Slut!1·
"A quarrelsome household6·/˘˘/·
It was--that of Philip's6····/˘
To which I belonged now;6···˘/·
And I from my girlhood6····/·
Stepped straight into Hell.6·˘····
My husband departed6·/˘˘/˘
To work in the city,6····/˘
And leaving, advised me6·/˘˘/·
To work and be silent,6····/˘
To yield and be patient:6····/˘
'Don't splash the red iron6····/˘
With cold water--it hisses!'7··/˘·/˘
With father and mother6·/˘·/˘
And sisters-in-law he6·/˘···
Now left me alone;5···˘/
Not a soul was among them7·······
To love or to shield me,6······
But many to scold.5·/˘··
One sister-in-law--5·/˘··
It was Martha, the eldest,--7··/˘·/˘
Soon set me to work5·····
Like a slave for her pleasure.7·····/˘
And Father-in-law too6·/˘···
One had to look after,6······
Or else all his clothes5·····
To redeem from the tavern.7·˘/··/˘
In all that one did5·····
There was need to be careful,7·····/˘
Or Mother-in-law's5·/˘··
Superstitions were troubled7·˘/˘·/˘
(One never could please her).6·/˘···
Well, some superstitions6···˘/˘
Of course may be right;5·····
But they're most of them evil.7·····/˘
And one day it happened6····/˘
That Mother-in-law5·/˘··
Murmured low to her husband7/˘···/˘
That corn which is stolen6····/˘
Grows faster and better.6·/˘·/˘
So Father-in-law5·/˘··
Stole away after midnight....7·˘/··/·
It chanced he was caught,6··˘···
And at daybreak next morning7··/··/˘
Brought back and flung down5·····
Like a log in the stable.7·····/˘
"But I acted always6··/˘/·
As Philip had told me:6·/˘···
I worked, with the anger6····/˘
Hid deep in my bosom,6····/˘
And never a murmur6·/˘·/˘
Allowed to escape me.6˘/·˘/·
And then with the winter6····/˘
Came Philip, and brought me6·/˘···
A pretty silk scarf;5·/˘··
And one feast-day he took me7·······
To drive in the sledges;6····/˘
And quickly my sorrows6·/˘·/˘
Were lost and forgotten:6···˘/˘
I sang as in old days6······
At home, with my father.6····/˘
For I and my husband6····/˘
Were both of an age,5·····
And were happy together7··/˘˘/˘
When only they left us6·/˘···
Alone, but remember6˘/·˘/˘
A husband like Philip6·/˘·/˘
Not often is found."5·/˘··
"Do you mean to say5·····
That he never once beat you?"6··/···
Matrona was plainly6····/˘
Confused by the question;6˘/··/˘
"Once, only, he beat me,"6·/˘···
She said, very low.5··/˘·
"And why?" asked the peasants.6····/˘
"Well, you know yourselves, friends,6···˘/·
How quarrels arise5·/˘˘/
In the homes of the peasants.7·····/˘
A young married sister6··/˘/˘
Of Philip's one day5·/˘··
Came to visit her parents.7··/˘·/˘
She found she had holes5·····
In her boots, and it vexed her.7·······
Then Philip said, 'Wife,5·/˘··
Fetch some boots for my sister.'7·····/˘
And I did not answer6····/˘
At once; I was lifting6····/˘
A large wooden tub,5··/˘·
So, of course, couldn't speak.6···/˘·
But Philip was angry6·/˘·/˘
With me, and he waited6····/˘
Until I had hoisted6····/˘
The tub to the oven,6····/˘
Then struck me a blow5·····
With his fist, on my temple.7·····/˘
"'We're glad that you came,5·····
But you see that you'd better7·····/˘
Keep out of the way,'5·····
Said the other young sister7··/˘·/˘
To her that was married.6····/˘
"Again Philip struck me!6˘//˘··
"'It's long since I've seen you,6······
My dearly-loved daughter,6·/˘·/˘
But could I have known5·····
How the baggage would treat you!'...7··/˘···
Whined Mother-in-law.6·˘/˘··
"And again Philip struck me!7·˘//˘··
"Well, that is the story.6····/˘
'Tis surely not fitting6·/˘·/˘
For wives to sit counting6····/˘
The blows of their husbands,6····/˘
But then I had promised6····/˘
To keep nothing back."5··/˘·
"Ah, well, with these women--6····/˘
The poisonous serpents!--6·/˘˘/˘
A corpse would awaken6···˘/˘
And snatch up a horsewhip,"6····/˘
The peasants say, smiling.6·/˘·/˘
Matrona said nothing.6····/˘
The peasants, in order6·/˘·/˘
To keep the occasion6···˘/˘
In manner befitting,6·/˘˘/˘
Are filling the glasses;6·/˘·/˘
And now they are singing6····/˘
In voices of thunder6·/˘·/˘
A rollicking chorus,6·/˘˘/˘
Of husbands' relations,6·/˘˘/˘
And wielding the knout.6·/˘···
"Cruel hated husband,6/˘/˘/˘
Hark! he is coming!5···/˘
Holding the knout...."5/˘···
"Hear the lash whistle!5···/˘
See the blood spurt!4····
Ai, leli, leli!5·····
See the blood spurt!"4····
"Run to his father!5···/˘
Bowing before him--5/˘···
'Save me!' I beg him;5·····
'Stop my fierce husband--5···/˘
Venomous serpent!'5/˘˘/˘
Father-in-law says,5/˘···
'Beat her more soundly!5···/˘
Draw the blood freely!'"5···/˘
"Hear the lash whistle!5···/˘
See the blood spurt!4····
Ai, leli, leli!5·····
See the blood spurt!"4····
"Quick--to his mother!5···/˘
Bowing before her--5/˘···
'Save me!' I beg her;5·····
'Stop my cruel husband!6··/˘/˘
Venomous serpent!'5/˘˘/˘
Mother-in-law says,5/˘···
'Beat her more soundly,5···/˘
Draw the blood freely!'"5···/˘
"Hear the lash whistle!5···/˘
See the blood spurt!4····
Ai, leli, leli!5·····
See the blood spurt!"4····
"On Lady-day Philip6·/˘·/˘
Went back to the city;6····/˘
A little while later6·/˘·/˘
Our baby was born.6/˘/˘··
Like a bright-coloured picture7···/˘/˘
Was he--little Djoma;6··/˘··
The sunbeams had given6·/··/˘
Their radiance to him,6·/˘˘··
The pure snow its whiteness;6····/˘
The poppies had painted6·/˘·/˘
His lips; by the sable6····/˘
His brow had been pencilled;6····/˘
The falcon had fashioned6·/˘·/˘
His eyes, and had lent them6······
Their wonderful brightness.6·/˘˘/˘
At sight of his first5·····
Angel smile, all the anger7/˘···/˘
And bitterness nursed6·/˘˘·˘
In my bosom was melted;7··/˘·/˘
It vanished away6·/˘˘˘/
Like the snow on the meadows7·····/·
At sight of the smiling6····/˘
Spring sun. And not longer6····/˘
I worried and fretted;6·/˘·/˘
I worked, and in silence6····/˘
I let them upbraid.5···/·
But soon after that5·····
A misfortune befell me:7·˘/˘˘/·
The manager by5·/˘˘·
The Pomyeshchick appointed,7····˘/˘
Called Sitnikov, hotly6····/˘
Began to pursue me.6˘/·˘/·
'My lovely Tsaritsa!6·/˘···
'My rosy-ripe berry!'6·/˘·/˘
Said he; and I answered,6····/˘
'Be off, shameless rascal!6··/˘/˘
Remember, the berry6˘/˘·/˘
Is not in your forest!'6····/˘
I stayed from the field-work,6······
And hid in the cottage;6····/˘
He very soon found me.6·/˘···
I hid in the corn-loft,6······
But Mother-in-law5·/˘··
Dragged me out to the courtyard;7·····/·
'Now don't play with fire, girl!'6····/·
She said. I besought her6···˘/·
To send him away,5···˘/
But she answered me roughly,7··/˘·/˘
'And do you want Philip6····/˘
To serve as a soldier?'6····/˘
I ran to Savyeli,6······
The grandfather, begging6·/·˘/˘
His aid and advice.5···˘/
"I haven't yet told you6·/˘···
A word of Savyeli,6······
The only one living6·/˘·/˘
Of Philip's relations6·/˘˘/˘
Who pitied and loved me.6·/····
Say, friends, shall I tell you6······
About him as well?"5·····
"Yes, tell us his tale,5·····
And we'll each throw a couple7·····/˘
Of sheaves in to-morrow,6····/˘
Above what we promised."6····/˘
"Well, well," says Matrona,6······
"And 'twould be a pity6····/˘
To give old Savyeli6······
No place in the story;6····/˘
For he was a happy one,7····/˘·
Too--the old man...."4····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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