Book X: The Merchant, the Noble, the Shepherd, and the King's Son

Jean de La Fontaine (1621–1695), translated by Elizur Wright · 1841

iambic tetrameter · 62 lines · from The Fables of La Fontaine

Four voyagers to parts unknown,On shore, not far from naked, thrownBy furious waves,--a merchant, now undone,A noble, shepherd, and a monarch's son,--Brought to the lot of Belisarius,Their wants supplied on alms precarious.To tell what fates, and winds, and weather,Had brought these mortals all together,Though from far distant points abscinded,Would make my tale long-winded.Suffice to say, that, by a fountain met,In council grave these outcasts held debate.The prince enlarged, in an oration set,Upon the mis'ries that befall the great.The shepherd deem'd it best to castOff thought of all misfortune past,And each to do the best he could,In efforts for the common weal.'Did ever a repining mood,'He added, 'a misfortune heal?Toil, friends, will take us back to Rome,Or make us here as good a home.'A shepherd so to speak! a shepherd? What!As though crown'd heads were not,By Heaven's appointment fit,The sole receptacles of wit!As though a shepherd could be deeper,In thought or knowledge, than his sheep are!The three, howe'er, at once approved his plan,Wreck'd as they were on shores American.'I'll teach arithmetic,' the merchant said,--Its rules, of course, well seated in his head,--'For monthly pay.' The prince replied, 'And IWill teach political economy.''And I,' the noble said, 'in heraldryWell versed, will open for that branch a school--'As if, beyond a thousand leagues of sea,That senseless jargon could befool!'My friends, you talk like men,'The shepherd cried, 'but thenThe month has thirty days; till they are spent,Are we upon your faith to keep full Lent?The hope you give is truly good;But, ere it comes, we starve for food!Pray tell me, if you can divine,On what, to-morrow, we shall dine;Or tell me, rather, whence we mayObtain a supper for to-day.This point, if truth should be confess'd,Is first, and vital to the rest.Your science short in this respect,My hands shall cover the defect.--'This said, the nearest woods he sought,And thence for market fagots brought,Whose price that day, and eke the next,Relieved the company perplex'd--Forbidding that, by fasting, they should goTo use their talents in the world below.

We learn from this adventure's course,There needs but little skill to get a living.Thanks to the gifts of Nature's giving,Our hands are much the readiest resource.

Words in this poem

undone a.
Not done or performed; neglected. [Pref. un- not + done.]
precarious a.
Depending on the will or pleasure of another; held by courtesy; liable to be changed or lost at the pleasure of another; as, precarious privileges. [L. precarius obtained by begging or prayer, depending on request or on the will of another, fr. precari to pray, beg. See Pray.]
suffice v. i.
To be enough, or sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end proposed; to be adequate. [OE. suffisen, OF. soufire, F. suffire (cf. suffisant, p.pr.), L. sufficere to put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; sub under + facere to make. Se]
heraldry n.
The art or office of a herald; the art, practice, or science of recording genealogies, and blazoning arms or ensigns armorial; also, of marshaling cavalcades, processions, and public ceremonies.
befool v. t.
To fool; to delude or lead into error; to infatuate; to deceive. [OE. befolen; pref. be- + fol fool.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
dine v. i.
To eat the principal regular meal of the day; to take dinner. [F. dîner, OF. disner, LL. disnare, contr. fr. an assumed disjunare; dis- + an assumed junare (OF. juner) to fast, for L. jejunare, fr. jejunus fasting. See Jeju]
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
resource n.
That to which one resorts orr on which one depends for supply or support; means of overcoming a difficulty; resort; expedient. [F. ressource, fr. OF. ressourdre, resourdre, to spring forth or up again; pref. re- re- + sourdre to spring forth. See Source.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Book X: The Merchant, the Noble, the Shepherd, and the King's Son is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Fables of La Fontaine, Project Gutenberg ebook #7241, the Elizur Wright translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jean de La Fontaine, Book X: The Merchant, the Noble, the Shepherd, and the King's Son, in The Fables of La Fontaine (1841), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #7241, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/la-fontaine-fables/10-16.html, id L28416.

Form and metre

Book X: The Merchant, the Noble, the Shepherd, and the King's Son is 62 lines in 2 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%).

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFGFGHH-I-IJJ--KK--LLMMN--ONOPPQQ--RRSSTTUUVVWWXX unknownA · thrownA · undoneB · sonB · belisariusC · precariousC · weatherD · togetherD · abscindedE · windedE · metF · debateG · setF · greatG · castH · pastH · could · wealI · mood · healI · romeJ · homeJ · what · not · fitK · witK · deeper · are · planL · americanL · saidM · headM · iN · economy · heraldry · schoolO · seaN · befoolO · menP · thenP · spentQ · lentQ · good · food · divineR · dineR · mayS · dayS · confess'dT · restT · respectU · defectU · soughtV · broughtV · nextW · perplex'dW · goX · belowX
  2. 2 ABBA courseA · livingB · givingB · resourceA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Four voyagers to parts unknown,8·/˘˘··˘/
On shore, not far from naked, thrown8·····/˘·
By furious waves,--a merchant, now undone,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
A noble, shepherd, and a monarch's son,--10·/˘/˘··/··
Brought to the lot of Belisarius,9·········
Their wants supplied on alms precarious.9··˘/··˘/˘
To tell what fates, and winds, and weather,9·······/˘
Had brought these mortals all together,9···/˘·˘/˘
Though from far distant points abscinded,9···/˘····
Would make my tale long-winded.7·····/˘
Suffice to say, that, by a fountain met,10˘/·····/˘·
In council grave these outcasts held debate.10·/˘··/··˘/
The prince enlarged, in an oration set,10··˘/··˘/˘·
Upon the mis'ries that befall the great.9·····˘/··
The shepherd deem'd it best to cast8·/˘·····
Off thought of all misfortune past,8····˘/˘·
And each to do the best he could,8········
In efforts for the common weal.8·/˘··/˘·
'Did ever a repining mood,'8·/˘·····
He added, 'a misfortune heal?8·/˘·˘/˘·
Toil, friends, will take us back to Rome,8········
Or make us here as good a home.'8········
A shepherd so to speak! a shepherd? What!10·/˘····/˘·
As though crown'd heads were not,6······
By Heaven's appointment fit,7·/˘˘/˘·
The sole receptacles of wit!8··˘/˘˘··
As though a shepherd could be deeper,9···/˘··/˘
In thought or knowledge, than his sheep are!9···/˘····
The three, howe'er, at once approved his plan,10······˘/··
Wreck'd as they were on shores American.9······˘/˘
'I'll teach arithmetic,' the merchant said,--10··˘/˘··/˘·
Its rules, of course, well seated in his head,--10·····/˘···
'For monthly pay.' The prince replied, 'And I10·/˘···˘/··
Will teach political economy.'9··˘/˘˘/˘˘
'And I,' the noble said, 'in heraldry9···/˘··/˘
Well versed, will open for that branch a school--'11···/˘······
As if, beyond a thousand leagues of sea,10·····/˘···
That senseless jargon could befool!8·/˘/˘·˘/
'My friends, you talk like men,'6······
The shepherd cried, 'but then6·/˘···
The month has thirty days; till they are spent,10···/˘·····
Are we upon your faith to keep full Lent?10··········
The hope you give is truly good;8·····/˘·
But, ere it comes, we starve for food!8········
Pray tell me, if you can divine,8······˘/
On what, to-morrow, we shall dine;8···/˘···
Or tell me, rather, whence we may8···/˘···
Obtain a supper for to-day.8˘/·/˘···
This point, if truth should be confess'd,8······˘/
Is first, and vital to the rest.8···/˘···
Your science short in this respect,8·/˘···˘/
My hands shall cover the defect.--'8···/˘·˘/
This said, the nearest woods he sought,8···/˘···
And thence for market fagots brought,8···/˘···
Whose price that day, and eke the next,8········
Relieved the company perplex'd--8˘/·/˘˘˘/
Forbidding that, by fasting, they should go10˘/˘··/˘···
To use their talents in the world below.10···/˘·····
We learn from this adventure's course,8····˘/˘·
There needs but little skill to get a living.11···/˘····/˘
Thanks to the gifts of Nature's giving,9·····/˘/˘
Our hands are much the readiest resource.9/······/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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