Ode on Melancholy

John Keats (1795–1821) · 1820

iambic pentameter · 30 lines · from Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems

No, no, go not to Lethe, neither twistWolf's-bane, tight-rooted, for its poisonous wine;Nor suffer thy pale forehead to be kiss'dBy nightshade, ruby grape of Proserpine;Make not your rosary of yew-berries,Nor let the beetle, nor the death-moth beYour mournful Psyche, nor the downy owlA partner in your sorrow's mysteries;For shade to shade will come too drowsily,And drown the wakeful anguish of the soul.

But when the melancholy fit shall fallSudden from heaven like a weeping cloud,That fosters the droop-headed flowers all,And hides the green hill in an April shroud;Then glut thy sorrow on a morning rose,Or on the rainbow of the salt sand-wave,Or on the wealth of globed peonies;Or if thy mistress some rich anger shows,Emprison her soft hand, and let her rave,And feed deep, deep upon her peerless eyes.

She dwells with Beauty--Beauty that must die;And Joy, whose hand is ever at his lipsBidding adieu; and aching Pleasure nigh,Turning to poison while the bee-mouth sips:Ay, in the very temple of DelightVeil'd Melancholy has her sovran shrine,Though seen of none save him whose strenuous tongueCan burst Joy's grape against his palate fine;His soul shall taste the sadness of her might,And be among her cloudy trophies hung.

Words in this poem

lethe n.
A river of Hades whose waters when drunk caused forgetfulness of the past.
rosary n.
A bed of roses, or place where roses grow. [LL. rosarium a string of beads, L. rosarium a place planted with roses, rosa a rose: cf. F. rosaire. See Rose.]
psyche n.
A lovely maiden, daughter of a king and mistress of Eros, or Cupid. She is regarded as the personification of the soul.
drowsily adv.
In a drowsy manner.
wakeful a.
Not sleeping; indisposed to sleep; watchful; vigilant.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
aching a.
That aches; continuously painful. See Ache.
sovran a.
A variant of Sovereign.
strenuous a.
Eagerly pressing or urgent; zealous; ardent; earnest; bold; valiant; intrepid; as, a strenuous advocate for national rights; a strenuous reformer; a strenuous defender of his country.
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Ode on Melancholy is in the public domain. This text is taken from Keats: Poems Published in 1820 (Clarendon Press, 1909, ed. M. Robertson), Project Gutenberg ebook #23684; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: John Keats, Ode on Melancholy, in Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems (1820), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #23684, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/keats-1820/ode-on-melancholy.html, id L00192.

Form and metre

Ode on Melancholy is 30 lines in 3 stanzas of 10 lines each. The metre is iambic pentameter, as Wikipedia: Ode on Melancholy has it. 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 4 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 27% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB------ twistA · wineB · kiss'dA · proserpineB · berries · be · owl · mysteries · drowsily · soul
  2. 2 ABABCDCCDC fallA · cloudB · allA · shroudB · roseC · waveD · peoniesC · showsC · raveD · eyesC
  3. 3 ABABCDEDCE dieA · lipsB · nighA · sipsB · delightC · shrineD · tongueE · fineD · mightC · hungE
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
No, no, go not to Lethe, neither twist10·····/˘/˘·
Wolf's-bane, tight-rooted, for its poisonous wine;10···/˘··/˘·
Nor suffer thy pale forehead to be kiss'd10·/˘··/˘···
By nightshade, ruby grape of Proserpine;10·/·/˘·····
Make not your rosary of yew-berries,10···/˘˘··/˘
Nor let the beetle, nor the death-moth be10···/˘·····
Your mournful Psyche, nor the downy owl10·/˘/˘··/˘·
A partner in your sorrow's mysteries;10·/˘··/˘/˘˘
For shade to shade will come too drowsily,10·······/˘˘
And drown the wakeful anguish of the soul.10···/˘/˘···
But when the melancholy fit shall fall10···/˘·˘···
Sudden from heaven like a weeping cloud,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
That fosters the droop-headed flowers all,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
And hides the green hill in an April shroud;10·······/˘·
Then glut thy sorrow on a morning rose,10···/˘··/˘·
Or on the rainbow of the salt sand-wave,10···/······
Or on the wealth of globed peonies;10······˘/˘˘
Or if thy mistress some rich anger shows,10···/˘··/˘·
Emprison her soft hand, and let her rave,10˘/˘·······
And feed deep, deep upon her peerless eyes.10·······/˘·
She dwells with Beauty--Beauty that must die;10···/˘/˘···
And Joy, whose hand is ever at his lips10·····/˘···
Bidding adieu; and aching Pleasure nigh,10/˘˘/·/˘/˘·
Turning to poison while the bee-mouth sips:10/˘·/˘·····
Ay, in the very temple of Delight10···/˘/˘·˘/
Veil'd Melancholy has her sovran shrine,10·/˘·˘··/˘·
Though seen of none save him whose strenuous tongue10·······/˘·
Can burst Joy's grape against his palate fine;10·······/˘·
His soul shall taste the sadness of her might,10·····/˘···
And be among her cloudy trophies hung.10·····/˘/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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