An Allegory
There's a murmur in the air,And noise in every street--The murmur of many tongues,The noise of numerous feet--While round the Workhouse doorThe Laboring Classes flock,For why? the Overseer of the PoorIs setting the Workhouse Clock.
Who does not hear the trampOf thousands speeding alongOf either sex and various stamp,Sickly, cripple, or strong,Walking, limping, creepingFrom court and alley, and lane,But all in one direction sweepingLike rivers that seek the main?
Who does not see them sallyFrom mill, and garret, and room,In lane, and court and alley,From homes in poverty's lowest valley,Furnished with shuttle and loom--Poor slaves of Civilization's galley--And in the road and footways rally,As if for the Day of Doom?Some, of hardly human form,Stunted, crooked, and crippled by toil;Dingy with smoke and dust and oil,And smirch'd besides with vicious soil,Clustering, mustering, all in a swarm.
Father, mother, and careful child,Looking as if it had never smiled--The Sempstress, lean, and weary, and wan,With only the ghosts of garments on--
The Weaver, her sallow neighbor,The grim and sooty Artisan;Every soul--child, woman, or man,Who lives--or dies--by labor.
Stirr'd by an overwhelming zeal,And social impulse, a terrible throng!Leaving shuttle, and needle, and wheel,Furnace, and grindstone, spindle, and reel,Thread, and yarn, and iron, and steel--Yea, rest and the yet untasted meal--Gushing, rushing, crushing along,A very torrent of Man!Urged by the sighs of sorrow and wrong,Grown at last to a hurricane strong,Stop its course who can!Stop who can its onward courseAnd irresistible moral force;O vain and idle dream!For surely as men are all akin,Whether of fair or sable skin,According to Nature's scheme,That Human Movement contains withinA Blood-Power stronger than Steam.
Onward, onward, with hasty feet,They swarm--and westward still--Masses born to drink and eat,But starving amidst Whitechapel's meat,And famishing down Cornhill!Through the Poultry--but still unfed--Christian Charity, hang your head!Hungry--passing the Street of Bread;Thirsty--the street of Milk;Ragged--beside the Ludgate Mart,So gorgeous, through Mechanic-Art,With cotton, and wool, and silk!
At last, before that doorThat bears so many a knockEre ever it opens to Sick or Poor,Like sheep they huddle and flock--And would that all the Good and WiseCould see the Million of hollow eyes,With a gleam deriv'd from Hope and the skies,Upturn'd to the Workhouse Clock!
Oh that the Parish Powers,Who regulate Labor's hours,The daily amount of human trial,Weariness, pain, and self-denial,Would turn from the artificial dialThat striketh ten or eleven,And go, for once, by that older oneThat stands in the light of Nature's sun,And takes its time from Heaven!
Words in this poem
- workhouse n.
- A house where any manufacture is carried on; a workshop. [AS. weorch.]
- laboring a.
- That labors; performing labor; esp., performing coarse, heavy work, not requiring skill also, set apart for labor; as, laboring days.
- cripple n.
- One who creeps, halts, or limps; one who has lost, or never had, the use of a limb or limbs; a lame person; hence, one who is partially disabled. [OE. cripel, crepel, crupel, AS. crypel (akin to D. kreuple, G. kr, Dan. kr, Icel. kryppill), prop., one that can not walk, but must creep, fr. AS. cre to creep.]
- garret n.
- A turret; a watchtower. [OE. garite, garette, watchtower, place of lookout, OF. garite, also meaning, a place of refuge, F. guérite a place of refuge, donjon, sentinel box, fr. OF. gari]
- rally v. t.
- To collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite. [OF. ralier, F. rallier, fr. L. pref. re- + ad + ligare to bind. See Ra-, and 1st Ally.]
- crippled a.
- Lamed; lame; disabled; impeded.
- sable n.
- A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
- amidst prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- mart v. t.
- To buy or sell in, or as in, a mart.
- gorgeous a.
- Imposing through splendid or various colors; showy; fine; magnificent. [OF. gorgias beautiful, glorious, vain, luxurious; cf. OF. gorgias ruff, neck handkerchief, and F. gorge throat, and se pengorger to assume airs. Cf. Gorge, n.]
- huddle v. i.
- To press together promiscuously, from confusion, apprehension, or the like; to crowd together confusedly; to press or hurry in disorder; to crowd. [Cf. OE. hoderen, hodren, to cover, keep, warm; perh. akin to OE. huden, hiden, to hide, E. hide, and orig. meaning, to get together for protection in a safe pla]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
An Allegory is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood, Project Gutenberg ebook #15652; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Thomas Hood, An Allegory, in The Song of the Shirt, and Other Poems (1826–1845), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #15652, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hood-poetical-works/an-allegory.html, id L20117.
Form and metre
An Allegory is 85 lines in 9 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 83%).
See other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 -A-A-B-B air · streetA · tongues · feetA · door · flockB · poor · clockB
- 2 ABABCDCD trampA · alongB · stampA · strongB · creepingC · laneD · sweepingC · mainD
- 3 ABAABAABCDDDC sallyA · roomB · alleyA · valleyA · loomB · galleyA · rallyA · doomB · formC · toilD · oilD · soilD · swarmC
- 4 AABB childA · smiledA · wanB · onB
- 5 ABBA neighborA · artisanB · manB · laborA
- 6 ABAAAABCBBCDDEFFEFE zealA · throngB · wheelA · reelA · steelA · mealA · alongB · manC · wrongB · strongB · canC · courseD · forceD · dreamE · akinF · skinF · schemeE · withinF · steamE
- 7 ABAABCCCDEED feetA · stillB · eatA · meatA · cornhillB · unfedC · headC · breadC · milkD · martE · artE · silkD
- 8 -A-ABBBA door · knockA · poor · flockA · wiseB · eyesB · skiesB · clockA
- 9 AABBBCDDC powersA · hoursA · trialB · denialB · dialB · elevenC · oneD · sunD · heavenC
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| There's a murmur in the air, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| And noise in every street-- | 7 | ···/˘˘· |
| The murmur of many tongues, | 7 | ·/˘·/˘· |
| The noise of numerous feet-- | 7 | ···/˘˘· |
| While round the Workhouse door | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The Laboring Classes flock, | 7 | ·/˘˘/˘· |
| For why? the Overseer of the Poor | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Is setting the Workhouse Clock. | 7 | ·/˘·/˘· |
| Who does not hear the tramp | 6 | ······ |
| Of thousands speeding along | 7 | ·/˘/˘˘/ |
| Of either sex and various stamp, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘˘· |
| Sickly, cripple, or strong, | 6 | /˘/˘·· |
| Walking, limping, creeping | 6 | /˘/˘/˘ |
| From court and alley, and lane, | 7 | ···/˘·· |
| But all in one direction sweeping | 9 | ····˘/˘/˘ |
| Like rivers that seek the main? | 7 | ·/˘···· |
| Who does not see them sally | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| From mill, and garret, and room, | 7 | ···/˘·· |
| In lane, and court and alley, | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| From homes in poverty's lowest valley, | 10 | ···/˘˘/˘/˘ |
| Furnished with shuttle and loom-- | 7 | /˘·/˘·· |
| Poor slaves of Civilization's galley-- | 10 | ····˘˘/˘/˘ |
| And in the road and footways rally, | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| As if for the Day of Doom? | 7 | ······· |
| Some, of hardly human form, | 7 | ··/˘/˘· |
| Stunted, crooked, and crippled by toil; | 10 | /˘/˘˘·/˘·· |
| Dingy with smoke and dust and oil, | 8 | /˘······ |
| And smirch'd besides with vicious soil, | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Clustering, mustering, all in a swarm. | 10 | /˘˘/˘˘···· |
| Father, mother, and careful child, | 8 | /˘/˘·/˘· |
| Looking as if it had never smiled-- | 10 | /˘····/˘·˘ |
| The Sempstress, lean, and weary, and wan, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·· |
| With only the ghosts of garments on-- | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| The Weaver, her sallow neighbor, | 8 | ·/˘·/˘/˘ |
| The grim and sooty Artisan; | 8 | ···/˘/˘˘ |
| Every soul--child, woman, or man, | 9 | /˘˘··/˘·· |
| Who lives--or dies--by labor. | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| Stirr'd by an overwhelming zeal, | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| And social impulse, a terrible throng! | 10 | ·/˘/˘·/˘˘· |
| Leaving shuttle, and needle, and wheel, | 9 | /˘/˘·/˘·· |
| Furnace, and grindstone, spindle, and reel, | 9 | /˘·/·/˘·· |
| Thread, and yarn, and iron, and steel-- | 8 | ····/˘·· |
| Yea, rest and the yet untasted meal-- | 9 | ········· |
| Gushing, rushing, crushing along, | 8 | /˘/˘/˘˘/ |
| A very torrent of Man! | 7 | ·/˘/˘·· |
| Urged by the sighs of sorrow and wrong, | 10 | ·˘····/˘·· |
| Grown at last to a hurricane strong, | 9 | ·····/˘·· |
| Stop its course who can! | 5 | ····· |
| Stop who can its onward course | 7 | ····/˘· |
| And irresistible moral force; | 9 | ··˘/˘˘/˘· |
| O vain and idle dream! | 6 | ···/˘· |
| For surely as men are all akin, | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| Whether of fair or sable skin, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| According to Nature's scheme, | 7 | ˘/˘·/˘· |
| That Human Movement contains within | 9 | ·/˘/˘˘/·· |
| A Blood-Power stronger than Steam. | 8 | ··/˘/˘·· |
| Onward, onward, with hasty feet, | 8 | /˘/˘·/˘· |
| They swarm--and westward still-- | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Masses born to drink and eat, | 7 | /˘····· |
| But starving amidst Whitechapel's meat, | 10 | ·/˘˘/····· |
| And famishing down Cornhill! | 7 | ······· |
| Through the Poultry--but still unfed-- | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Christian Charity, hang your head! | 8 | /˘/˘˘··· |
| Hungry--passing the Street of Bread; | 8 | /˘/˘···· |
| Thirsty--the street of Milk; | 6 | /˘···· |
| Ragged--beside the Ludgate Mart, | 9 | /˘˘˘/···· |
| So gorgeous, through Mechanic-Art, | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| With cotton, and wool, and silk! | 7 | ·/˘···· |
| At last, before that door | 6 | ······ |
| That bears so many a knock | 7 | ···/˘·· |
| Ere ever it opens to Sick or Poor, | 10 | ·/˘·/˘···· |
| Like sheep they huddle and flock-- | 7 | ···/˘·· |
| And would that all the Good and Wise | 8 | ········ |
| Could see the Million of hollow eyes, | 9 | ···/˘·/˘· |
| With a gleam deriv'd from Hope and the skies, | 10 | ···˘/····· |
| Upturn'd to the Workhouse Clock! | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Oh that the Parish Powers, | 7 | ···/˘/˘ |
| Who regulate Labor's hours, | 8 | ·/˘·/˘/˘ |
| The daily amount of human trial, | 10 | ·/˘˘/·/˘/˘ |
| Weariness, pain, and self-denial, | 9 | /˘˘···˘/˘ |
| Would turn from the artificial dial | 10 | ·····˘/˘/˘ |
| That striketh ten or eleven, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘˘ |
| And go, for once, by that older one | 9 | ······/˘· |
| That stands in the light of Nature's sun, | 9 | ······/˘· |
| And takes its time from Heaven! | 7 | ·····/˘ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.