The Alarm (1803)

Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) · 1898

iambic pentameter · AABAB · 117 lines · from Wessex Poems and Other Verses

IN a ferny bywayNear the great South-Wessex Highway,A homestead raised its breakfast-smoke aloft;The dew-damps still lay steamless, for the sun had made no sky-way,And twilight cloaked the croft.

’Twas hard to realize onThis snug side the mute horizonThat beyond it hostile armaments might steer,Save from seeing in the porchway a fair woman weep with eyes onA harnessed Volunteer.

In haste he’d flown thereTo his comely wife alone there,While marching south hard by, to still her fears,For she soon would be a mother, and few messengers were known thereIn these campaigning years.

’Twas time to be Good-bying,Since the assembly-hour was nighingIn royal George’s town at six that morn;And betwixt its wharves and this retreat were ten good miles of hieingEre ring of bugle-horn.

“I’ve laid in food, Dear,And broached the spiced and brewed, Dear;And if our July hope should antedate,Let the char-wench mount and gallop by the halterpath and wood, Dear,And fetch assistance straight.

“As for Buonaparte, forget him;He’s not like to land! But let him,Those strike with aim who strike for wives and sons!And the war-boats built to float him; ’twere but wanted to upset himA slat from Nelson’s guns!

“But, to assure thee,And of creeping fears to cure thee,If he should be rumoured anchoring in the Road,Drive with the nurse to Kingsbere; and let nothing thence allure theeTill we’ve him safe-bestowed.

“Now, to turn to marching matters:—I’ve my knapsack, firelock, spatters,Crossbelts, priming-horn, stock, bay’net, blackball, clay,Pouch, magazine, flints, flint-box that at every quick-step clatters;. . . My heart, Dear; that must stay!”

—With breathings brokenFarewell was kissed unspoken,And they parted there as morning stroked the panes;And the Volunteer went on, and turned, and twirled his glove fortoken,And took the coastward lanes.

When above He’th Hills he found him,He saw, on gazing round him,The Barrow-Beacon burning—burning low,As if, perhaps, uplighted ever since he’d homeward bound him;And it meant: Expect the Foe!

Leaving the byway,And following swift the highway,Car and chariot met he, faring fast inland;“He’s anchored, Soldier!” shouted some: “God save thee, marching thyway,Th’lt front him on the strand!”

He slowed; he stopped; he palteredAwhile with self, and faltered,“Why courting misadventure shoreward roam?To Molly, surely! Seek the woods with her till times have altered;Charity favours home.

“Else, my denyingHe would come she’ll read as lying—Think the Barrow-Beacon must have met my eyes—That my words were not unwareness, but deceit of her, while tryingMy life to jeopardize.

“At home is stocked provision,And to-night, without suspicion,We might bear it with us to a covert near;Such sin, to save a childing wife, would earn it Christ’s remission,Though none forgive it here!”

While thus he, thinking,A little bird, quick drinkingAmong the crowfoot tufts the river bore,Was tangled in their stringy arms, and fluttered, well-nigh sinking,Near him, upon the moor.

He stepped in, reached, and seized it,And, preening, had released itBut that a thought of Holy Writ occurred,And Signs Divine ere battle, till it seemed him Heaven had pleased itAs guide to send the bird.

“O Lord, direct me! . . .Doth Duty now expect meTo march a-coast, or guard my weak ones near?Give this bird a flight according, that I thence know to elect meThe southward or the rear.”

He loosed his clasp; when, rising,The bird—as if surmising—Bore due to southward, crossing by the Froom,And Durnover Great-Field and Fort, the soldier clear advising—Prompted he wist by Whom.

Then on he pantedBy grim Mai-Don, and slantedUp the steep Ridge-way, hearkening betwixt whiles;Till, nearing coast and harbour, he beheld the shore-line plantedWith Foot and Horse for miles.

Mistrusting not the omen,He gained the beach, where Yeomen,Militia, Fencibles, and Pikemen bold,With Regulars in thousands, were enmassed to meet the Foemen,Whose fleet had not yet shoaled.

Captain and Colonel,Sere Generals, Ensigns vernal,Were there; of neighbour-natives, Michel, Smith,Meggs, Bingham, Gambier, Cunningham, roused by the hued nocturnalSwoop on their land and kith.

But Buonaparte still tarried;His project had miscarried;At the last hour, equipped for victory,The fleet had paused; his subtle combinations had been parriedBy British strategy.

Homeward returningAnon, no beacons burning,No alarms, the Volunteer, in modest bliss,Te Deum sang with wife and friends: “We praise Thee, Lord, discerningThat Thou hast helped in this!”

Words in this poem 29
ferny a.
Abounding in ferns.
byway n.
A secluded, private, or obscure way; a path or road aside from the main one.
realize v. t.
To make real; to convert from the imaginary or fictitious into the actual; to bring into concrete existence; to accomplish; as, to realize a scheme or project. [Cf. F. réaliser.]
flown a.
Flushed, inflated.
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
betwixt prep.
In the space which separates; between. [OE. betwix, bitwix, rarely bitwixt, AS. betweox, betweohs, betweoh, betwih; pref. be- by + a form fr. AS. twa two. See Between.]
antedate n.
Prior date; a date antecedent to another which is the actual date.
knapsack n.
A case of canvas or leather, for carrying on the back a soldier's necessaries, or the clothing, etc., of a traveler. [D. knapzak; knappen to eat + zak a bag. See Knap, v. t., and Sack.]
firelock n.
An old form of gunlock, as the flintlock, which ignites the priming by a spark; perhaps originally, a matchlock. Hence, a gun having such a lock.
blackball n.
A composition for blacking shoes, boots, etc.; also, one for taking impressions of engraved work.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
expect v. t.
To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
anchored a.
Held by an anchor; at anchor; held safely; as, an anchored bark; also, shaped like an anchor; forked; as, an anchored tongue.
awhile adv.
For a while; for some time; for a short time. [Adj. a + while time, interval.]
shoreward adv.
Toward the shore.
molly n.
A pet or colloquial name for Mary. Molly cottontail. (Zoöl.) See Cottontail.
jeopardize v. t.
To expose to loss or injury; to risk; to jeopard.
childing a.
Bearing Children; (Fig.) productive; fruitful. [See Child, v. i.]
stringy a.
Consisting of strings, or small threads; fibrous; filamentous; as, a stringy root.
surmising a.
from Surmise, v.
whiles conj.
During the time that; while. Chaucer. Fuller.
harbour n.
A station for rest and entertainment; a place of security and comfort; a refuge; a shelter. [OE herbor, herberwe, herberge, Icel. herbergi (cf. OHG. heriberga), orig., a shelter for soldiers; herr army + bjarga to save, help, defend; akin to AS. here ar]
sere n.
Claw; talon. Chapman. [F. serre.]
hued a.
Having color; -- usually in composition; as, bright-hued; many- hued.
swoop v. t.
To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing; as, a hawk swoops a chicken. [OE. swopen, usually, to sweep, As. swapan to sweep, to rush; akin to G. schweifen to rove, to ramble, to curve, OHG. sweifan to whirl, Icel. sveipa to sweep; al]
kith n.
Acquaintance; kindred. [OE. kith, cu, AS. cc known. Uncouth, Can, and cf. Kythe.]
anon adv.
Straightway; at once. [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one (moment), fr. AS. on in + an one. See On and One.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Alarm (1803) is in the public domain. This text is taken from Wessex Poems and Other Verses, Project Gutenberg ebook #3167; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Thomas Hardy, The Alarm (1803), in Wessex Poems and Other Verses (1898), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #3167, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hardy-wessex-poems/the-alarm-1803.html, id L04459.

Form and metre

The Alarm (1803) is 117 lines in 23 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is AABAB, complete in 16 of its 23 stanzas. This poem did not settle on a metre of its own; the book it comes from is in iambic pentameter. 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.8 syllables. 36 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 24% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABAB bywayA · highwayA · aloftB · wayA · croftB
  2. 2 AABAB onA · horizonA · steerB · onA · volunteerB
  3. 3 AABAB thereA · thereA · fearsB · thereA · yearsB
  4. 4 AABAB byingA · nighingA · mornB · hieingA · hornB
  5. 5 AABAB dearA · dearA · antedateB · dearA · straightB
  6. 6 AABAB himA · himA · sonsB · himA · gunsB
  7. 7 AABAB theeA · theeA · roadB · theeA · bestowedB
  8. 8 AABAB mattersA · spattersA · clayB · clattersA · stayB
  9. 9 AAB-AB brokenA · unspokenA · panesB · for · tokenA · lanesB
  10. 10 AABAB himA · himA · lowB · himA · foeB
  11. 11 AAB-AB bywayA · highwayA · inlandB · thy · wayA · strandB
  12. 12 A-BAB palteredA · faltered · roamB · alteredA · homeB
  13. 13 AABAB denyingA · lyingA · eyesB · tryingA · jeopardizeB
  14. 14 -ABAB provision · suspicionA · nearB · remissionA · hereB
  15. 15 AA-A- thinkingA · drinkingA · bore · sinkingA · moor
  16. 16 AABAB itA · itA · occurredB · itA · birdB
  17. 17 AABAB meA · meA · nearB · meA · rearB
  18. 18 AABAB risingA · surmisingA · froomB · advisingA · whomB
  19. 19 AABAB pantedA · slantedA · whilesB · plantedA · milesB
  20. 20 -A-A- omen · yeomenA · bold · foemenA · shoaled
  21. 21 AABAB colonelA · vernalA · smithB · nocturnalA · kithB
  22. 22 AA-A- tarriedA · miscarriedA · victory · parriedA · strategy
  23. 23 AABAB returningA · burningA · blissB · discerningA · thisB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
IN a ferny byway6··/˘/·
Near the great South-Wessex Highway,8····/˘/·
A homestead raised its breakfast-smoke aloft;10·/···/˘·˘/
The dew-damps still lay steamless, for the sun had made no sky-way,15···············
And twilight cloaked the croft.6·/····
’Twas hard to realize on6···/··
This snug side the mute horizon8·····˘/˘
That beyond it hostile armaments might steer,10····/˘/˘··
Save from seeing in the porchway a fair woman weep with eyes on15··/······/˘····
A harnessed Volunteer.6·/˘·˘/
In haste he’d flown there5·····
To his comely wife alone there,8··/˘·˘/·
While marching south hard by, to still her fears,10·/˘·······
For she soon would be a mother, and few messengers were known there15······/˘··/˘···
In these campaigning years.6··˘/˘·
’Twas time to be Good-bying,6······
Since the assembly-hour was nighing9··˘/˘/·/˘
In royal George’s town at six that morn;10·/˘/˘·····
And betwixt its wharves and this retreat were ten good miles of hieing15·˘/····˘/······
Ere ring of bugle-horn.6···/˘·
“I’ve laid in food, Dear,5·····
And broached the spiced and brewed, Dear;7·······
And if our July hope should antedate,10··/˘/··/˘˘
Let the char-wench mount and gallop by the halterpath and wood, Dear,16······/˘········
And fetch assistance straight.6··˘/˘·
“As for Buonaparte, forget him;8·····˘/·
He’s not like to land! But let him,8········
Those strike with aim who strike for wives and sons!10··········
And the war-boats built to float him; ’twere but wanted to upset him16··········/˘·˘/·
A slat from Nelson’s guns!6···/˘·
“But, to assure thee,5··˘/·
And of creeping fears to cure thee,8··/˘····
If he should be rumoured anchoring in the Road,11····/˘/˘···
Drive with the nurse to Kingsbere; and let nothing thence allure thee15·········/˘·˘/·
Till we’ve him safe-bestowed.6····˘/
“Now, to turn to marching matters:—8····/˘/˘
I’ve my knapsack, firelock, spatters,8··/·/˘/˘
Crossbelts, priming-horn, stock, bay’net, blackball, clay,11··/˘····/··
Pouch, magazine, flints, flint-box that at every quick-step clatters;15·/˘······/˘··/˘
. . . My heart, Dear; that must stay!”6······
—With breathings broken5·/˘/˘
Farewell was kissed unspoken,7·/··˘/˘
And they parted there as morning stroked the panes;11··/˘··/˘···
And the Volunteer went on, and turned, and twirled his glove for14···˘/·········
token,2
And took the coastward lanes.6······
When above He’th Hills he found him,8········
He saw, on gazing round him,7···/˘··
The Barrow-Beacon burning—burning low,10·/˘/˘/˘/˘·
As if, perhaps, uplighted ever since he’d homeward bound him;14··˘/···/··/˘··
And it meant: Expect the Foe!7···˘/··
Leaving the byway,5/˘·/·
And following swift the highway,7·/˘··/·
Car and chariot met he, faring fast inland;11··/˘··/˘·/·
“He’s anchored, Soldier!” shouted some: “God save thee, marching thy14·/˘/˘/˘····/˘·
way,1·
Th’lt front him on the strand!”6······
He slowed; he stopped; he paltered7·······
Awhile with self, and faltered,7˘/···/˘
“Why courting misadventure shoreward roam?9·/˘˘/˘/˘·
To Molly, surely! Seek the woods with her till times have altered;15·/˘/˘········/˘
Charity favours home.6/˘˘/˘·
“Else, my denying5··˘/˘
He would come she’ll read as lying—8······/˘
Think the Barrow-Beacon must have met my eyes—11··/˘/˘·····
That my words were not unwareness, but deceit of her, while trying17··········˘/···/˘
My life to jeopardize.6···/˘·
“At home is stocked provision,7····˘/˘
And to-night, without suspicion,8·····˘/˘
We might bear it with us to a covert near;11········/˘·
Such sin, to save a childing wife, would earn it Christ’s remission,15·····/˘·····˘/˘
Though none forgive it here!”6··˘/··
While thus he, thinking,5···/˘
A little bird, quick drinking7·/˘··/˘
Among the crowfoot tufts the river bore,10···/˘··/˘·
Was tangled in their stringy arms, and fluttered, well-nigh sinking,15·/˘··/˘··/˘··/˘
Near him, upon the moor.6······
He stepped in, reached, and seized it,7·······
And, preening, had released it7·/˘·˘/·
But that a thought of Holy Writ occurred,10·····/˘·˘/
And Signs Divine ere battle, till it seemed him Heaven had pleased it15··˘/·/˘····/···
As guide to send the bird.6······
“O Lord, direct me! . . .5··˘/·
Doth Duty now expect me7·/˘·˘/·
To march a-coast, or guard my weak ones near?10··········
Give this bird a flight according, that I thence know to elect me16·····˘/˘·····˘/·
The southward or the rear.”6·/˘···
He loosed his clasp; when, rising,7·····/˘
The bird—as if surmising—7····˘/˘
Bore due to southward, crossing by the Froom,9···//˘···
And Durnover Great-Field and Fort, the soldier clear advising—15·········/˘·˘/˘
Prompted he wist by Whom.6/˘····
Then on he panted5···/˘
By grim Mai-Don, and slanted7·····/˘
Up the steep Ridge-way, hearkening betwixt whiles;11········˘/·
Till, nearing coast and harbour, he beheld the shore-line planted15·/˘··/˘·˘/···/˘
With Foot and Horse for miles.6······
Mistrusting not the omen,7˘/˘··/˘
He gained the beach, where Yeomen,7·······
Militia, Fencibles, and Pikemen bold,10˘/˘·······
With Regulars in thousands, were enmassed to meet the Foemen,14·/˘·/˘········
Whose fleet had not yet shoaled.6······
Captain and Colonel,5/˘·/˘
Sere Generals, Ensigns vernal,7·/˘/˘/˘
Were there; of neighbour-natives, Michel, Smith,10···/˘/˘/˘·
Meggs, Bingham, Gambier, Cunningham, roused by the hued nocturnal15·/˘/˘/˘·····˘/˘
Swoop on their land and kith.6······
But Buonaparte still tarried;6······
His project had miscarried;6·/˘···
At the last hour, equipped for victory,9···/˘/·/˘
The fleet had paused; his subtle combinations had been parried15·····/˘·˘/˘··/˘
By British strategy.6·/˘/˘˘
Homeward returning5/˘˘/˘
Anon, no beacons burning,7˘/·/˘/˘
No alarms, the Volunteer, in modest bliss,11·˘/··˘/·/˘·
Te Deum sang with wife and friends: “We praise Thee, Lord, discerning14···········˘/˘
That Thou hast helped in this!”6······

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