The Black Cottage
WE chanced in passing by that afternoonTo catch it in a sort of special pictureAmong tar-banded ancient cherry trees,Set well back from the road in rank lodged grass,The little cottage we were speaking of,A front with just a door between two windows,Fresh painted by the shower a velvet black.We paused, the minister and I, to look.He made as if to hold it at arm's lengthOr put the leaves aside that framed it in."Pretty," he said. "Come in. No one will care."The path was a vague parting in the grassThat led us to a weathered window-sill.We pressed our faces to the pane. "You see," he said,"Everything's as she left it when she died.Her sons won't sell the house or the things in it.They say they mean to come and summer hereWhere they were boys. They haven't come this year.They live so far away--one is out west--It will be hard for them to keep their word.Anyway they won't have the place disturbed."A buttoned hair-cloth lounge spread scrolling armsUnder a crayon portrait on the wallDone sadly from an old daguerreotype."That was the father as he went to war.She always, when she talked about war,Sooner or later came and leaned, half kneltAgainst the lounge beside it, though I doubtIf such unlifelike lines kept power to stirAnything in her after all the years.He fell at Gettysburg or Fredericksburg,I ought to know--it makes a difference which:Fredericksburg wasn't Gettysburg, of course.But what I'm getting to is how forsakenA little cottage this has always seemed;Since she went more than ever, but before--I don't mean altogether by the livesThat had gone out of it, the father first,Then the two sons, till she was left alone.(Nothing could draw her after those two sons.She valued the considerate neglectShe had at some cost taught them after years.)I mean by the world's having passed it by--As we almost got by this afternoon.It always seems to me a sort of markTo measure how far fifty years have brought us.Why not sit down if you are in no haste?These doorsteps seldom have a visitor.The warping boards pull out their own old nailsWith none to tread and put them in their place.She had her own idea of things, the old lady.And she liked talk. She had seen GarrisonAnd Whittier, and had her story of them.One wasn't long in learning that she thoughtWhatever else the Civil War was forIt wasn't just to keep the States together,Nor just to free the slaves, though it did both.She wouldn't have believed those ends enoughTo have given outright for them all she gave.Her giving somehow touched the principleThat all men are created free and equal.And to hear her quaint phrases--so removedFrom the world's view to-day of all those things.That's a hard mystery of Jefferson's.What did he mean? Of course the easy wayIs to decide it simply isn't true.It may not be. I heard a fellow say so.But never mind, the Welshman got it plantedWhere it will trouble us a thousand years.Each age will have to reconsider it.You couldn't tell her what the West was saying,And what the South to her serene belief.She had some art of hearing and yet notHearing the latter wisdom of the world.White was the only race she ever knew.Black she had scarcely seen, and yellow never.But how could they be made so very unlikeBy the same hand working in the same stuff?She had supposed the war decided that.What are you going to do with such a person?Strange how such innocence gets its own way.I shouldn't be surprised if in this worldIt were the force that would at last prevail.Do you know but for her there was a timeWhen to please younger members of the church,Or rather say non-members in the church,Whom we all have to think of nowadays,I would have changed the Creed a very little?Not that she ever had to ask me not to;It never got so far as that; but the bare thoughtOf her old tremulous bonnet in the pew,And of her half asleep was too much for me.Why, I might wake her up and startle her.It was the words 'descended into Hades'That seemed too pagan to our liberal youth.You know they suffered from a general onslaught.And well, if they weren't true why keep right onSaying them like the heathen? We could drop them.Only--there was the bonnet in the pew.Such a phrase couldn't have meant much to her.But suppose she had missed it from the CreedAs a child misses the unsaid Good-night,And falls asleep with heartache--how should I feel?I'm just as glad she made me keep hands off,For, dear me, why abandon a beliefMerely because it ceases to be true.Cling to it long enough, and not a doubtIt will turn true again, for so it goes.Most of the change we think we see in lifeIs due to truths being in and out of favour.As I sit here, and oftentimes, I wishI could be monarch of a desert landI could devote and dedicate foreverTo the truths we keep coming back and back to.So desert it would have to be, so walledBy mountain ranges half in summer snow,No one would covet it or think it worthThe pains of conquering to force change on.Scattered oases where men dwelt, but mostlySand dunes held loosely in tamariskBlown over and over themselves in idleness.Sand grains should sugar in the natal dewThe babe born to the desert, the sand stormRetard mid-waste my cowering caravans--"There are bees in this wall." He struck the clapboards,Fierce heads looked out; small bodies pivoted.We rose to go. Sunset blazed on the windows.
Words in this poem 20
- afternoon n.
- The part of the day which follows noon, between noon and evening.
- weathered a.
- Made sloping, so as to throw off water; as, a weathered cornice or window sill.
- pane n.
- The narrow edge of a hammer head. See Peen. [F. panne.]
- anyway adv.
- Anywise; at all. Tennyson. Southey.
- sadly adv.
- Wearily; heavily; firmly.
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- ought p. p.
- Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
- altogether adv.
- All together; conjointly. [OE. altogedere; al all + togedere together. See Together.]
- warping n.
- The act or process of one who, or that which, warps.
- outright adv.
- Immediately; without delay; at once; as, he was killed outright.
- somehow adv.
- In one way or another; in some way not yet known or designated; by some means; as, the thing must be done somehow; he lives somehow.
- quaint a.
- Prudent; wise; hence, crafty; artful; wily. [OE. queint, queynte, coint, prudent, wise, cunning, pretty, odd, OF. cointe cultivated, amiable, agreeable, neat, fr. L. cognitus known, p. p. of cognoscere to ]
- welshman n.
- A native or inhabitant of Wales; one of the Welsh.
- reconsider v. t.
- To consider again; as, to reconsider a subject.
- nowadays adv.
- In these days; at the present time. [For now on (OE. an) days. See A-, 1.]
- onslaught n.
- An attack; an onset; esp., a furious or murderous attack or assault. [OE. on on + slaught, slaht, slaughter. See Slaughter.]
- favour n.
- Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
- oftentimes adv.
- Frequently; often; many times. [Often + time. Cf. -wards.]
- natal a.
- Of or pertaining to one's birth; accompying or dating from one's birth; native. [L. natalis, fr. natus, p.p. of nasci to be born: cf. F. natal. See Nation, and cf. Noel.]
- babe n.
- An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Black Cottage is in the public domain. This text is taken from North of Boston, Project Gutenberg ebook #3026; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Robert Frost, The Black Cottage, in North of Boston (1914), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #3026, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/frost-north-of-boston/the-black-cottage.html, id L04608.
Form and metre
The Black Cottage is 127 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 83%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.2 syllables. 25 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 33% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 --A--A----------BB----------------------------------------------------------------------C-C------------------------------------ afternoon · picture · treesA · grass · of · windowsA · black · look · length · in · care · grass · sill · said · died · it · hereB · yearB · west · word · disturbed · arms · wall · daguerreotype · war · war · knelt · doubt · stir · years · fredericksburg · which · course · forsaken · seemed · before · lives · first · alone · sons · neglect · years · by · afternoon · mark · us · haste · visitor · nails · place · lady · garrison · them · thought · for · together · both · enough · gave · principle · equal · removed · things · jefferson's · way · true · so · planted · years · it · saying · belief · not · world · knew · never · unlike · stuff · that · person · way · world · prevail · time · church · church · nowadays · little · toC · thought · pewC · me · her · hades · youth · onslaught · on · them · pew · her · creed · night · feel · off · belief · true · doubt · goes · life · favour · wish · land · forever · to · walled · snow · worth · on · mostly · tamarisk · idleness · dew · storm · caravans · clapboards · pivoted · windows
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| WE chanced in passing by that afternoon | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| To catch it in a sort of special picture | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| Among tar-banded ancient cherry trees, | 10 | ···/˘/˘/˘· |
| Set well back from the road in rank lodged grass, | 10 | ·········· |
| The little cottage we were speaking of, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| A front with just a door between two windows, | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Fresh painted by the shower a velvet black. | 10 | ·/˘··/·/˘· |
| We paused, the minister and I, to look. | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| He made as if to hold it at arm's length | 10 | ·········· |
| Or put the leaves aside that framed it in. | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| "Pretty," he said. "Come in. No one will care." | 10 | /˘········ |
| The path was a vague parting in the grass | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| That led us to a weathered window-sill. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| We pressed our faces to the pane. "You see," he said, | 12 | ··//˘······· |
| "Everything's as she left it when she died. | 10 | /˘········ |
| Her sons won't sell the house or the things in it. | 11 | ··········· |
| They say they mean to come and summer here | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Where they were boys. They haven't come this year. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| They live so far away--one is out west-- | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| It will be hard for them to keep their word. | 10 | ·········· |
| Anyway they won't have the place disturbed." | 10 | /˘······˘/ |
| A buttoned hair-cloth lounge spread scrolling arms | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Under a crayon portrait on the wall | 10 | ···/·/˘··· |
| Done sadly from an old daguerreotype. | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘˘ |
| "That was the father as he went to war. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| She always, when she talked about war, | 10 | ·/····˘··· |
| Sooner or later came and leaned, half knelt | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| Against the lounge beside it, though I doubt | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| If such unlifelike lines kept power to stir | 11 | ········/·· |
| Anything in her after all the years. | 10 | /˘········ |
| He fell at Gettysburg or Fredericksburg, | 10 | ···/˘˘·/˘˘ |
| I ought to know--it makes a difference which: | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Fredericksburg wasn't Gettysburg, of course. | 10 | /˘˘/˘/˘˘·· |
| But what I'm getting to is how forsaken | 11 | ···/˘···˘/˘ |
| A little cottage this has always seemed; | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/·· |
| Since she went more than ever, but before-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I don't mean altogether by the lives | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| That had gone out of it, the father first, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Then the two sons, till she was left alone. | 10 | ········˘/ |
| (Nothing could draw her after those two sons. | 10 | /˘········ |
| She valued the considerate neglect | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘˘˘/ |
| She had at some cost taught them after years.) | 10 | ·········· |
| I mean by the world's having passed it by-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| As we almost got by this afternoon. | 10 | ··/·····˘/ |
| It always seems to me a sort of mark | 10 | ·/········ |
| To measure how far fifty years have brought us. | 11 | ·/˘··/˘···· |
| Why not sit down if you are in no haste? | 10 | ·········· |
| These doorsteps seldom have a visitor. | 10 | ·/·/˘··/˘˘ |
| The warping boards pull out their own old nails | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| With none to tread and put them in their place. | 10 | ·········· |
| She had her own idea of things, the old lady. | 12 | ····˘/····/˘ |
| And she liked talk. She had seen Garrison | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| And Whittier, and had her story of them. | 10 | ·/˘···/˘·· |
| One wasn't long in learning that she thought | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Whatever else the Civil War was for | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| It wasn't just to keep the States together, | 11 | ·/˘·····˘/˘ |
| Nor just to free the slaves, though it did both. | 10 | ·········· |
| She wouldn't have believed those ends enough | 10 | ·/˘·˘/··˘/ |
| To have given outright for them all she gave. | 10 | ··///····· |
| Her giving somehow touched the principle | 10 | ·/˘/···/˘˘ |
| That all men are created free and equal. | 11 | ····˘/˘··/˘ |
| And to hear her quaint phrases--so removed | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| From the world's view to-day of all those things. | 10 | ·········· |
| That's a hard mystery of Jefferson's. | 10 | ···/˘˘·/˘˘ |
| What did he mean? Of course the easy way | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Is to decide it simply isn't true. | 10 | ··˘/·/˘/˘· |
| It may not be. I heard a fellow say so. | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| But never mind, the Welshman got it planted | 11 | ·/˘··/˘··/˘ |
| Where it will trouble us a thousand years. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Each age will have to reconsider it. | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| You couldn't tell her what the West was saying, | 11 | ·/˘······/˘ |
| And what the South to her serene belief. | 10 | ······˘/˘/ |
| She had some art of hearing and yet not | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Hearing the latter wisdom of the world. | 10 | /˘·/˘/˘··· |
| White was the only race she ever knew. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Black she had scarcely seen, and yellow never. | 11 | ···/˘··/˘/˘ |
| But how could they be made so very unlike | 11 | ·······/˘˘/ |
| By the same hand working in the same stuff? | 10 | ····/˘···· |
| She had supposed the war decided that. | 10 | ··˘/··˘/˘· |
| What are you going to do with such a person? | 11 | ···/·····/˘ |
| Strange how such innocence gets its own way. | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| I shouldn't be surprised if in this world | 10 | ·/˘·˘/···· |
| It were the force that would at last prevail. | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Do you know but for her there was a time | 10 | ·········· |
| When to please younger members of the church, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Or rather say non-members in the church, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Whom we all have to think of nowadays, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| I would have changed the Creed a very little? | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| Not that she ever had to ask me not to; | 10 | ···/······ |
| It never got so far as that; but the bare thought | 11 | ·/········· |
| Of her old tremulous bonnet in the pew, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| And of her half asleep was too much for me. | 11 | ····˘/····· |
| Why, I might wake her up and startle her. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| It was the words 'descended into Hades' | 11 | ····˘/˘··/˘ |
| That seemed too pagan to our liberal youth. | 10 | ···/˘·//˘· |
| You know they suffered from a general onslaught. | 11 | ···/˘··/˘/· |
| And well, if they weren't true why keep right on | 11 | ····/˘····· |
| Saying them like the heathen? We could drop them. | 11 | /˘···/˘···· |
| Only--there was the bonnet in the pew. | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| Such a phrase couldn't have meant much to her. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But suppose she had missed it from the Creed | 10 | ·˘/······· |
| As a child misses the unsaid Good-night, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| And falls asleep with heartache--how should I feel? | 11 | ··˘/·/····· |
| I'm just as glad she made me keep hands off, | 10 | ·········· |
| For, dear me, why abandon a belief | 10 | ····˘/˘·˘/ |
| Merely because it ceases to be true. | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| Cling to it long enough, and not a doubt | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| It will turn true again, for so it goes. | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| Most of the change we think we see in life | 10 | ·········· |
| Is due to truths being in and out of favour. | 11 | ····/····/˘ |
| As I sit here, and oftentimes, I wish | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I could be monarch of a desert land | 10 | ···/···/˘· |
| I could devote and dedicate forever | 11 | ··˘/·/˘·˘/˘ |
| To the truths we keep coming back and back to. | 11 | ·····/˘···· |
| So desert it would have to be, so walled | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| By mountain ranges half in summer snow, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| No one would covet it or think it worth | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The pains of conquering to force change on. | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| Scattered oases where men dwelt, but mostly | 11 | /˘˘/˘····/˘ |
| Sand dunes held loosely in tamarisk | 9 | ···/˘·/˘˘ |
| Blown over and over themselves in idleness. | 11 | ·····˘/·/˘˘ |
| Sand grains should sugar in the natal dew | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The babe born to the desert, the sand storm | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Retard mid-waste my cowering caravans-- | 10 | ˘/···/˘/˘· |
| "There are bees in this wall." He struck the clapboards, | 11 | ·········/· |
| Fierce heads looked out; small bodies pivoted. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘˘ |
| We rose to go. Sunset blazed on the windows. | 11 | ····/····/˘ |
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