The Grindstone

Robert Frost (1874–1963) · 1923

iambic pentameter · 77 lines · from New Hampshire

Having a wheel and four legs of its ownHas never availed the cumbersome grindstoneTo get it anywhere that I can see.These hands have helped it go, and even race;Not all the motion, though, they ever lent,Not all the miles it may have thought it went,Have got it one step from the starting place.It stands beside the same old apple tree.The shadow of the apple tree is thinUpon it now, its feet are fast in snow.All other farm machinery's gone in,And some of it on no more legs and wheelThan the grindstone can boast to stand or go.(I'm thinking chiefly of the wheelbarrow.)For months it hasn't known the taste of steel,Washed down with rusty water in a tin.But standing outdoors hungry, in the cold,Except in towns at night, is not a sin.And, anyway, its standing in the yardUnder a ruinous live apple treeHas nothing any more to do with me,Except that I remember how of oldOne summer day, all day I drove it hard,And someone mounted on it rode it hard,And he and I between us ground a blade.

I gave it the preliminary spin,And poured on water (tears it might have been);And when it almost gayly jumped and flowed,A Father-Time-like man got on and rode,Armed with a scythe and spectacles that glowed.He turned on will-power to increase the loadAnd slow me down--and I abruptly slowed,Like coming to a sudden railroad station.I changed from hand to hand in desperation.I wondered what machine of ages goneThis represented an improvement on.For all I knew it may have sharpened spearsAnd arrowheads itself. Much use for yearsHad gradually worn it an oblateSpheroid that kicked and struggled in its gait,Appearing to return me hate for hate;(But I forgive it now as easilyAs any other boyhood enemyWhose pride has failed to get him anywhere).I wondered who it was the man thought ground--The one who held the wheel back or the oneWho gave his life to keep it going round?I wondered if he really thought it fairFor him to have the say when we were done.Such were the bitter thoughts to which I turned.

Not for myself was I so much concerned.Oh no!--although, of course, I could have foundA better way to pass the afternoonThan grinding discord out of a grindstone,And beating insects at their gritty tune.Nor was I for the man so much concerned.Once when the grindstone almost jumped its bearingIt looked as if he might be badly thrownAnd wounded on his blade. So far from caring,I laughed inside, and only cranked the faster,(It ran as if it wasn't greased but glued);I'd welcome any moderate disasterThat might be calculated to postponeWhat evidently nothing could conclude.The thing that made me more and more afraidWas that we'd ground it sharp and hadn't known,And now were only wasting precious blade.And when he raised it dripping once and triedThe creepy edge of it with wary touch,And viewed it over his glasses funny-eyed,Only disinterestedly to decideIt needed a turn more, I could have criedWasn't there danger of a turn too much?Mightn't we make it worse instead of better?I was for leaving something to the whetter.What if it wasn't all it should be? I'dBe satisfied if he'd be satisfied.

Words in this poem 20
cumbersome a.
Burdensome or hindering, as a weight or drag; embarrassing; vexatious; cumbrous.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
wheelbarrow n.
A light vehicle for conveying small loads. It has two handles and one wheel, and is rolled by a single person.
outdoors adv.
Abread; out of the house; out of doors.
anyway adv.
Anywise; at all. Tennyson. Southey.
drove n.
A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]
rode n.
Redness; complexion. [See Rud.]
gayly adv.
With mirth and frolic; merrily; blithely; gleefully.
desperation n.
The act of despairing or becoming desperate; a giving up of hope. [L. desperatio: cf. OF. desperation.]
wondered a.
Having performed wonders; able to perform wonderful things.
boyhood n.
The state of being a boy; the time during which one is a boy. [Boy + -hood.]
afternoon n.
The part of the day which follows noon, between noon and evening.
cranked a.
Formed with, or having, a bend or crank; as, a cranked axle.
disaster n.
An unpropitious or baleful aspect of a planet or star; malevolent influence of a heavenly body; hence, an ill portent. [F. désastre; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + astre star, fr. L. astrum; a word of astrological origin. See Aster, Astral, Star.]
conclude v. t.
To shut up; to inclose. [L. concludere, conclusum; con- + claudere to shut. See Close, v. t.]
dripping n.
A falling in drops, or the sound so made.
creepy a.
Crawly; having or producing a sensation like that caused by insects creeping on the skin.
funny a.
Droll; comical; amusing; laughable. Funny bone. See crazy bone, under Crazy. [From Fun.]
disinterestedly adv.
In a disinterested manner; without bias or prejudice.
whetter n.
One who, or that which, whets, sharpens, or stimulates.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Grindstone is in the public domain. This text is taken from New Hampshire, A Poem; with Notes and Grace Notes, Project Gutenberg ebook #58611; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Robert Frost, The Grindstone, in New Hampshire (1923), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #58611, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/frost-new-hampshire/the-grindstone.html, id L02679.

Form and metre

The Grindstone is 77 lines in 3 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 11 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 35% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABCDDCBEFEGF-GEHEIBBHII- ownA · grindstoneA · seeB · raceC · lentD · wentD · placeC · treeB · thinE · snowF · inE · wheelG · goF · wheelbarrow · steelG · tinE · coldH · sinE · yardI · treeB · meB · oldH · hardI · hardI · blade
  2. 2 AABBBBBCCDDEEFFF--GHIHGI- spinA · beenA · flowedB · rodeB · glowedB · loadB · slowedB · stationC · desperationC · goneD · onD · spearsE · yearsE · oblateF · gaitF · hateF · easily · enemy · anywhereG · groundH · oneI · roundH · fairG · doneI · turned
  3. 3 A-BCBADCDEFECFGCGHIHHHIJJHH concernedA · found · afternoonB · grindstoneC · tuneB · concernedA · bearingD · thrownC · caringD · fasterE · gluedF · disasterE · postponeC · concludeF · afraidG · knownC · bladeG · triedH · touchI · eyedH · decideH · criedH · muchI · betterJ · whetterJ · i'dH · satisfiedH
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Having a wheel and four legs of its own10/˘········
Has never availed the cumbersome grindstone10·/˘/·/˘˘/·
To get it anywhere that I can see.10···/˘·····
These hands have helped it go, and even race;10·······/˘·
Not all the motion, though, they ever lent,10···/˘··/˘·
Not all the miles it may have thought it went,10··········
Have got it one step from the starting place.10·······/˘·
It stands beside the same old apple tree.10··˘/···/˘·
The shadow of the apple tree is thin10·/···/˘···
Upon it now, its feet are fast in snow.10··········
All other farm machinery's gone in,10·/˘·˘/˘˘··
And some of it on no more legs and wheel10··········
Than the grindstone can boast to stand or go.10··/·······
(I'm thinking chiefly of the wheelbarrow.)10·/˘/˘··/·˘
For months it hasn't known the taste of steel,10···/˘·····
Washed down with rusty water in a tin.10···/˘/˘···
But standing outdoors hungry, in the cold,10·/˘///˘···
Except in towns at night, is not a sin.10··········
And, anyway, its standing in the yard10·/˘··/˘···
Under a ruinous live apple tree10···/˘˘·/˘·
Has nothing any more to do with me,10·/˘/˘·····
Except that I remember how of old10····˘/˘···
One summer day, all day I drove it hard,10·/˘·······
And someone mounted on it rode it hard,10·/·/˘·····
And he and I between us ground a blade.10··········
I gave it the preliminary spin,10····˘/˘·˘·
And poured on water (tears it might have been);10···/˘·····
And when it almost gayly jumped and flowed,10···/·/˘···
A Father-Time-like man got on and rode,10·/˘·······
Armed with a scythe and spectacles that glowed.10·····/˘˘··
He turned on will-power to increase the load10····/·/···
And slow me down--and I abruptly slowed,10······˘/˘·
Like coming to a sudden railroad station.11·/˘··/˘/·/˘
I changed from hand to hand in desperation.11········˘/˘
I wondered what machine of ages gone10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
This represented an improvement on.10··˘/˘·˘/˘·
For all I knew it may have sharpened spears10·······/˘·
And arrowheads itself. Much use for years10·/˘·˘/····
Had gradually worn it an oblate10·/˘˘˘···˘/
Spheroid that kicked and struggled in its gait,10/····/˘···
Appearing to return me hate for hate;10˘/˘·˘/····
(But I forgive it now as easily10··˘/···/˘˘
As any other boyhood enemy10·/˘/˘/·/˘˘
Whose pride has failed to get him anywhere).10·······/˘·
I wondered who it was the man thought ground--10·/˘·······
The one who held the wheel back or the one10··········
Who gave his life to keep it going round?10·······/˘·
I wondered if he really thought it fair10·/˘··/˘···
For him to have the say when we were done.10··········
Such were the bitter thoughts to which I turned.10···/˘·····
Not for myself was I so much concerned.10···/····˘/
Oh no!--although, of course, I could have found10··········
A better way to pass the afternoon10·/˘·····˘/
Than grinding discord out of a grindstone,10·/˘/˘···/·
And beating insects at their gritty tune.10·/˘/···/˘·
Nor was I for the man so much concerned.10········˘/
Once when the grindstone almost jumped its bearing11···/·/···/˘
It looked as if he might be badly thrown10·······/˘·
And wounded on his blade. So far from caring,11·/˘······/˘
I laughed inside, and only cranked the faster,11··˘/·/˘··/˘
(It ran as if it wasn't greased but glued);10·····/˘···
I'd welcome any moderate disaster11·/˘/˘/˘·˘/˘
That might be calculated to postpone10···/˘·˘·˘/
What evidently nothing could conclude.10·/˘˘˘/˘·˘/
The thing that made me more and more afraid10········˘/
Was that we'd ground it sharp and hadn't known,10·······/˘·
And now were only wasting precious blade.10···/˘/˘/˘·
And when he raised it dripping once and tried10·····/˘···
The creepy edge of it with wary touch,10·/˘····/˘·
And viewed it over his glasses funny-eyed,10·····/˘/˘·
Only disinterestedly to decide11/˘˘/˘˘˘˘·˘/
It needed a turn more, I could have cried10·/˘·······
Wasn't there danger of a turn too much?10/˘·/˘·····
Mightn't we make it worse instead of better?11/˘····˘/·/˘
I was for leaving something to the whetter.11···/˘/˘··/˘
What if it wasn't all it should be? I'd10···/˘·····
Be satisfied if he'd be satisfied.10·/˘····/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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