How Rustam fought with Suhráb
Suhráb, still musing on his mother's words,Went spear in hand. They chose a battle-groundWhere room was scant, and fought with javelinsTill points and whipping broke; next, wheeling left-ward.Closed with their Indian scimitars and showeredSparks from their blades, which shivered 'neath such strokesAs might have heralded the Day of Doom;Then took their massive maces and fought onUntil their weapons bent beneath the blows.The chargers staggered and their bards dropped off;The riders raged beneath their shivered mail;Both were fordone and hand and arm both failed.With bodies running sweat, with mouths dust-choked,And tongues thirst-cracked, at length the champions parted,The sire in anguish and the son exhausted.
O world! thy doings are a mystery,The broken and the whole both come from thee!Love stirred in neither of these twain, no traceOf wisdom was there, love showed not its face!The fish in streams, wild asses on the plain,And beasts of burden know their young again,But toil and lust forbid a man to knowThe difference between a child and foe!
Then Rustam thought: "I never yet beheldA Crocodile fight thus. Compared with thisTo fight the White Dív was an easy task:To-day my heart despaireth through a man!The hand of one who is unpractised yet,No warrior and not named among the chiefs,Hath made me weary of my life in sightOf both the hosts!"
The chargers being rested,The youthful hero and the man in yearsStrung up their bows, but still the coats of mail,The breastplates, and the tiger-skin cuirassReceived no injury from the arrow-points,And then each hero, raging at his foe,Seized on the other by the leathern belt.Now Rustam, had he clutched a rock in battle,E'en the Black Stone itself, had torn it out,But when he seized the belt and would unhorseSuhráb, the young man's waist felt not the tug,And Rustam's hand was foiled. He quitted hold,He marvelled at the prowess of his foe,And then these lion-quellers, satiateWith battle, bruised, and wounded drew apart.Suhráb again took from his saddle-bowThe massive mace, and gripping with his legsSmote Rustam grievously upon the shoulder,Who though he winced yet bravely bare the pain.Suhráb laughed out and cried: "O cavalier!Thou canst not bear the buffets of the brave.Thy charger, one would say, is but an ass;As for the rider both his hands are naught.A warrior though cypress-tall is foolishTo play the youth when he is in his dotage."
Each humbled by the other turned away.They parted, troubled both in heart and mind.Like leopard sighting prey the mighty RustamWent to attack the army of Túrán,While brave Suhráb assailed the Íránian hostAnd gave his fleet steed rein. He charged the foeAnd many a warrior perished by his hand.Wolf-like he scattered small and great. The heartOf Rustam boded ill. "Káús will suffer,"He thought, "from this brave Turkman just arrivedWith mail-clad breast and arms."
He hasted backTo camp with anxious heart. There mid the hostHe saw Suhráb—a lion mad for prey—The ground about him tulip-hued with blood,His spearpoint, hands, and mail all drenched with gore.Then Rustam raging like a furious lionExclaimed: "Bloodthirsty Turkman! who of allThis host opposed thee? Why hast thou not keptThy hands for me instead of coming thusLike wolf among a flock?"
Suhráb replied:—"The army of Túrán is holding backFrom strife, and doing nothing to provoke it,Yet thou began'st it by assailing themWhen none sought battle and revenge on thee!"
"Light faileth," Rustam said. "On its returnA throne and gibbet wait us on this plain,For all the bright world yieldeth to the sword,And if thine arms are so familiarWith scimitar and arrow never die!Come we with vengeful swords at break of dayTo learn the Maker's will, but now away!"
Words in this poem 24
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- broke v. i.
- To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
- wheeling n.
- The act of conveying anything, or traveling, on wheels, or in a wheeled vehicle.
- fordone a.
- Undone; ruined. [See Fordo.]
- sire n.
- A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
- twain a.
- Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
- lust v. i.
- To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
- leathern a.
- Made of leather; consisting of. leather; as, a leathern purse.
- unhorse v. t.
- To throw from a horse; to cause to dismount; also, to take a horse or horses from; as, to unhorse a rider; to unhorse a carriage. [1 st pref. un- + horse.]
- prowess n.
- Distinguished bravery; valor; especially, military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity; fearlessness. Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney. [OF. proece, proesce, F. prouesse. See Prow, a.]
- satiate a.
- Filled to satiety; glutted; sated; -- followed by with or of. [L. satiatus, p. p. of satiare to satisfy, from sat, satis, enough. See Sad, a., and cf. Sate.]
- bravely adv.
- In a brave manner; courageously; gallantly; valiantly; splendidly; nobly.
- cavalier n.
- A military man serving on horseback; a knight. [F. cavalier, It. cavaliere, LL. caballarius, fr. L. caballus. See Cavalcade, and cf. Cavallier, Caballine.]
- charger n.
- One who, or that which charges.
- dotage n.
- Feebleness or imbecility of understanding or mind, particularly in old age; the childishness of old age; senility; as, a venerable man, now in his dotage. [From Dote, v. i.]
- sighting n.
- from Sight, v. t. Sighting shot, a shot made to ascertain whether the sights of a firearm are properly adjusted; a trial shot.
- steed n.
- A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
- clad v.
- To clothe. Holland.
- bloodthirsty a.
- Eager to shed blood; cruel; sanguinary; murderous.
- hast
- , 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
- strife n.
- The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
- gibbet n.
- A kind of gallows; an upright post with an arm projecting from the top, on which, formerly, malefactors were hanged in chains, and their bodies allowed to remain asa warning. [OE. gibet, F. gibet, in OF. also club, fr. LL. gibetum;; cf. OF. gibe sort of sickle or hook, It. giubbetto gibbet, and giubbetta, dim. of giubba mane, also, an]
- scimitar n.
- A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted from Per. shimshir.]
- vengeful a.
- Vindictive; retributive; revengeful.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
How Rustam fought with Suhráb is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Shahnama of Firdausi, done into English by Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner, vol. II (Trübner’s Oriental Series), London, 1906; Part III, Suhráb (sections 1 to 25), Internet Archive, the Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Ferdowsi, How Rustam fought with Suhráb, in Rustam and Sohrab (from the Shahnama) (1906), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/ferdowsi-rustam-and-sohrab/18.html, id L29116.
Form and metre
How Rustam fought with Suhráb is 89 lines in 8 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 2 --AABBCC mystery · thee · traceA · faceA · plainB · againB · knowC · foeC
- 4 ---A-B------B--B-----A--- rested · years · mail · cuirassA · points · foeB · belt · battle · out · unhorse · tug · hold · foeB · satiate · apart · bowB · legs · shoulder · pain · cavalier · brave · assA · naught · foolish · dotage
- 8 -----AA return · plain · sword · familiar · die · dayA · awayA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Suhráb, still musing on his mother's words, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Went spear in hand. They chose a battle-ground | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Where room was scant, and fought with javelins | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| Till points and whipping broke; next, wheeling left-ward. | 11 | ···/˘··/˘·· |
| Closed with their Indian scimitars and showered | 10 | ···/˘····/ |
| Sparks from their blades, which shivered 'neath such strokes | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| As might have heralded the Day of Doom; | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| Then took their massive maces and fought on | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Until their weapons bent beneath the blows. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The chargers staggered and their bards dropped off; | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| The riders raged beneath their shivered mail; | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Both were fordone and hand and arm both failed. | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| With bodies running sweat, with mouths dust-choked, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| And tongues thirst-cracked, at length the champions parted, | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| The sire in anguish and the son exhausted. | 11 | ·/·/˘···˘/˘ |
| O world! thy doings are a mystery, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| The broken and the whole both come from thee! | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Love stirred in neither of these twain, no trace | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of wisdom was there, love showed not its face! | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| The fish in streams, wild asses on the plain, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And beasts of burden know their young again, | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| But toil and lust forbid a man to know | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| The difference between a child and foe! | 10 | ·/˘˘······ |
| Then Rustam thought: "I never yet beheld | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| A Crocodile fight thus. Compared with this | 10 | ·/˘···˘/·· |
| To fight the White Dív was an easy task: | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| To-day my heart despaireth through a man! | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| The hand of one who is unpractised yet, | 10 | ·········· |
| No warrior and not named among the chiefs, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Hath made me weary of my life in sight | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of both the hosts!" | 4 | ···· |
| The chargers being rested, | 7 | ·/˘/˘/˘ |
| The youthful hero and the man in years | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Strung up their bows, but still the coats of mail, | 10 | ·········· |
| The breastplates, and the tiger-skin cuirass | 10 | ·/···/˘·˘/ |
| Received no injury from the arrow-points, | 10 | ˘/·/˘··/˘· |
| And then each hero, raging at his foe, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Seized on the other by the leathern belt. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Now Rustam, had he clutched a rock in battle, | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| E'en the Black Stone itself, had torn it out, | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| But when he seized the belt and would unhorse | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Suhráb, the young man's waist felt not the tug, | 10 | ·········· |
| And Rustam's hand was foiled. He quitted hold, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| He marvelled at the prowess of his foe, | 10 | ·˘/··/˘··· |
| And then these lion-quellers, satiate | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| With battle, bruised, and wounded drew apart. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| Suhráb again took from his saddle-bow | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| The massive mace, and gripping with his legs | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Smote Rustam grievously upon the shoulder, | 11 | ···/˘˘···/˘ |
| Who though he winced yet bravely bare the pain. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Suhráb laughed out and cried: "O cavalier! | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Thou canst not bear the buffets of the brave. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Thy charger, one would say, is but an ass; | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| As for the rider both his hands are naught. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| A warrior though cypress-tall is foolish | 11 | ·/˘˘·/˘··/˘ |
| To play the youth when he is in his dotage." | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Each humbled by the other turned away. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| They parted, troubled both in heart and mind. | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Like leopard sighting prey the mighty Rustam | 11 | ·/˘/˘··/˘·· |
| Went to attack the army of Túrán, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| While brave Suhráb assailed the Íránian host | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| And gave his fleet steed rein. He charged the foe | 10 | ·········· |
| And many a warrior perished by his hand. | 10 | ·/·/˘/˘··· |
| Wolf-like he scattered small and great. The heart | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of Rustam boded ill. "Káús will suffer," | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| He thought, "from this brave Turkman just arrived | 10 | ········˘/ |
| With mail-clad breast and arms." | 6 | ······ |
| He hasted back | 4 | ·/˘· |
| To camp with anxious heart. There mid the host | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| He saw Suhráb—a lion mad for prey— | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The ground about him tulip-hued with blood, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| His spearpoint, hands, and mail all drenched with gore. | 10 | ·········· |
| Then Rustam raging like a furious lion | 10 | ···/˘··/˘/ |
| Exclaimed: "Bloodthirsty Turkman! who of all | 10 | ˘//·˘····· |
| This host opposed thee? Why hast thou not kept | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Thy hands for me instead of coming thus | 10 | ····˘/·/˘· |
| Like wolf among a flock?" | 6 | ······ |
| Suhráb replied:— | 4 | ··˘/ |
| "The army of Túrán is holding back | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| From strife, and doing nothing to provoke it, | 10 | ···//˘·˘/· |
| Yet thou began'st it by assailing them | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| When none sought battle and revenge on thee!" | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| "Light faileth," Rustam said. "On its return | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| A throne and gibbet wait us on this plain, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| For all the bright world yieldeth to the sword, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And if thine arms are so familiar | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| With scimitar and arrow never die! | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Come we with vengeful swords at break of day | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| To learn the Maker's will, but now away!" | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
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