In Memoriam E.B.E.

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) · 1847

iambic tetrameter · 116 lines · from Poems

I mourn upon this battle-field,But not for those who perished here.Behold the river-bankWhither the angry farmers came,In sloven dress and broken rank,Nor thought of fame.Their deed of bloodAll mankind praise;Even the serene Reason says,It was well done.The wise and simple have one glanceTo greet yon stern head-stone,Which more of pride than pity gaveTo mark the Briton's friendless grave.Yet it is a stately tomb;The grand returnOf eve and morn,The year's fresh bloom,The silver cloud,Might grace the dust that is most proud.

Yet not of these I museIn this ancestral place,But of a kindred faceThat never joy or hope shall here diffuse.

Ah, brother of the brief but blazing star!What hast thou to do with theseHaunting this bank's historic trees?Thou born for noblest life,For action's field, for victor's car,Thou living champion of the right?To these their penalty belonged:I grudge not these their bed of death,But thine to thee, who never wrongedThe poorest that drew breath.

All inborn power that couldConsist with homage to the goodFlamed from his martial eye;He who seemed a soldier born,He should have the helmet worn,All friends to fend, all foes defy,Fronting foes of God and man,Frowning down the evil-doer,Battling for the weak and poor.His from youth the leader's lookGave the law which others took,And never poor beseeching glanceShamed that sculptured countenance.

There is no record left on earth,Save in tablets of the heart,Of the rich inherent worth,Of the grace that on him shone,Of eloquent lips, of joyful wit:He could not frame a word unfit,An act unworthy to be done;Honor prompted every glance,Honor came and sat beside him,In lowly cot or painful road,And evermore the cruel godCried "Onward!" and the palm-crown showed,Born for success he seemed,With grace to win, with heart to hold,With shining gifts that took all eyes,With budding power in college-halls,As pledged in coming days to forgeWeapons to guard the State, or scourgeTyrants despite their guards or walls.On his young promise Beauty smiled,Drew his free homage unbeguiled,And prosperous Age held out his hand,And richly his large future planned,And troops of friends enjoyed the tide,--All, all was given, and only health denied.

I see him with superior smileHunted by Sorrow's grisly trainIn lands remote, in toil and pain,With angel patience labor on,With the high port he wore erewhile,When, foremost of the youthful band,The prizes in all lists he won;Nor bate one jot of heart or hope,And, least of all, the loyal tieWhich holds to home 'neath every sky,The joy and pride the pilgrim feelsIn hearts which round the hearth at homeKeep pulse for pulse with those who roam.

What generous beliefs consoleThe brave whom Fate denies the goal!If others reach it, is content;To Heaven's high will his will is bent.Firm on his heart relied,What lot soe'er betide,Work of his handHe nor repents nor grieves,Pleads for itself the fact,As unrepenting Nature leavesHer every act.

Fell the bolt on the branching oak;The rainbow of his hope was broke;No craven cry, no secret tear,--He told no pang, he knew no fear;Its peace sublime his aspect kept,His purpose woke, his features slept;And yet between the spasms of painHis genius beamed with joy again.

O'er thy rich dust the endless smileOf Nature in thy Spanish isleHints never loss or cruel breakAnd sacrifice for love's dear sake,Nor mourn the unalterable DaysThat Genius goes and Folly stays.What matters how, or from what ground,The freed soul its Creator found?Alike thy memory embalmsThat orange-grove, that isle of palms,And these loved banks, whose oak-bough boldRoot in the blood of heroes old.

Words in this poem 20
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
sloven n.
A man or boy habitually negligent of neathess and order; -- the correlative term to slattern, or slut. [D. slaf careless, negligent, a sloven; akin to LG. sluf slovenly.]
friendless a.
Destitute of friends; forsaken. [AS. freóndleás.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
historic a.
Of or pertaining to history, or the record of past events; as, an historical poem; the historic page. [L. historicus, Gr. historique. See History.]
fend v. t.
To keep off; to prevent from entering or hitting; to ward off; to shut out; -- often with off; as, to fend off blows. [Abbrev. fr. defend.]
defy v. t.
To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce. [F. défier, OF. deffier, desfier, LL. disfidare to disown faith or fidelity, to dissolve the bond of allegiance, as between the vassal and his lord; hence, to ch]
evermore adv.
During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.
scourge n.
A lash; a strap or cord; especially, a lash used to inflict pain or punishment; an instrument of punishment or discipline; a whip. [F. escourgée, fr. L. excoriata (sc. scutica) a stripped off (lash or whip), fr. excoriate to strip, to skin. See Excoriate.]
erewhile adv.
Some time ago; a little while before; heretofore.
bate n.
Strife; contention. [Prob. abbrev. from debate.]
generous a.
Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [F. généreux, fr. L. generous of noble birth, noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It. generoso. See 2d Gender.]
betide v. t.
To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide the wanderer. [OE. bitiden; pref. bi-, be- + tiden, fr. AS. tidan, to happen, fr. tid time. See Tide.]
broke v. i.
To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
craven v. t.
To make recreant, weak, spiritless, or cowardly.
beamed a.
Furnished with beams, as the head of a stag.
isle v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

In Memoriam E.B.E. is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems Household Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #12843; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Ralph Waldo Emerson, In Memoriam E.B.E., in Poems (1847), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12843, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/emerson-poems/in-memoriam-e-b-e.html, id L07477.

Form and metre

In Memoriam E.B.E. is 116 lines in 9 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.4 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 27% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 --ABAB------CCD--DEE field · here · bankA · cameB · rankA · fameB · blood · praise · says · done · glance · stone · gaveC · graveC · tombD · return · morn · bloomD · cloudE · proudE
  2. 2 ABBA museA · placeB · faceB · diffuseA
  3. 3 ABB-A-CDCD starA · theseB · treesB · life · carA · right · belongedC · deathD · wrongedC · breathD
  4. 4 AABCCB---DDEE couldA · goodA · eyeB · bornC · wornC · defyB · man · doer · poor · lookD · tookD · glanceE · countenanceE
  5. 5 A-A-BB---C-C---D--DEEFFGG earthA · heart · worthA · shone · witB · unfitB · done · glance · him · roadC · god · showedC · seemed · hold · eyes · hallsD · forge · scourge · wallsD · smiledE · unbeguiledE · handF · plannedF · tideG · deniedG
  6. 6 ABBCA-C-DD-EE smileA · trainB · painB · onC · erewhileA · band · wonC · hope · tieD · skyD · feels · homeE · roamE
  7. 7 AABBCC-DEDE consoleA · goalA · contentB · bentB · reliedC · betideC · hand · grievesD · factE · leavesD · actE
  8. 8 AABBCCDD oakA · brokeA · tearB · fearB · keptC · sleptC · painD · againD
  9. 9 AABBCCDDEEFF smileA · isleA · breakB · sakeB · daysC · staysC · groundD · foundD · embalmsE · palmsE · boldF · oldF
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I mourn upon this battle-field,8·····/˘·
But not for those who perished here.8·····/˘·
Behold the river-bank6˘/·/˘·
Whither the angry farmers came,8/˘·/˘/˘·
In sloven dress and broken rank,8·/˘··/˘·
Nor thought of fame.4····
Their deed of blood4····
All mankind praise;4·//·
Even the serene Reason says,8/˘·˘//˘·
It was well done.4····
The wise and simple have one glance8···/˘···
To greet yon stern head-stone,6······
Which more of pride than pity gave8·····/˘·
To mark the Briton's friendless grave.8···/˘/˘·
Yet it is a stately tomb;7····/˘·
The grand return4··˘/
Of eve and morn,4····
The year's fresh bloom,4····
The silver cloud,4·/˘·
Might grace the dust that is most proud.8········
Yet not of these I muse6······
In this ancestral place,6··˘/˘·
But of a kindred face7···/˘˘·
That never joy or hope shall here diffuse.9·/·····˘/
Ah, brother of the brief but blazing star!10·/˘····/˘·
What hast thou to do with these7·······
Haunting this bank's historic trees?8/˘··˘/˘·
Thou born for noblest life,6···/˘·
For action's field, for victor's car,8·/˘··/˘·
Thou living champion of the right?8·/˘/˘···
To these their penalty belonged:8···/˘˘˘/
I grudge not these their bed of death,8········
But thine to thee, who never wronged8·····/˘·
The poorest that drew breath.6·/˘···
All inborn power that could7·/·/˘··
Consist with homage to the good8˘/·/˘···
Flamed from his martial eye;7·˘··/˘·
He who seemed a soldier born,8···˘·/˘·
He should have the helmet worn,7····/˘·
All friends to fend, all foes defy,8······˘/
Fronting foes of God and man,7/˘·····
Frowning down the evil-doer,7/˘··/˘·
Battling for the weak and poor.8/˘˘·····
His from youth the leader's look7····/˘·
Gave the law which others took,7····/˘·
And never poor beseeching glance8·/˘·˘/˘·
Shamed that sculptured countenance.8·˘·/˘/˘˘
There is no record left on earth,8···˘/···
Save in tablets of the heart,7··/˘···
Of the rich inherent worth,7···˘/˘·
Of the grace that on him shone,7·······
Of eloquent lips, of joyful wit:8·/˘··/˘·
He could not frame a word unfit,8······˘/
An act unworthy to be done;8··˘/˘···
Honor prompted every glance,8/˘/˘/˘˘·
Honor came and sat beside him,8/˘···˘/·
In lowly cot or painful road,8·/˘··/˘·
And evermore the cruel god8·/˘··/˘·
Cried "Onward!" and the palm-crown showed,8·/˘·····
Born for success he seemed,7··˘/··˘
With grace to win, with heart to hold,8········
With shining gifts that took all eyes,8·/˘·····
With budding power in college-halls,8·/˘/·/˘·
As pledged in coming days to forge8···/˘···
Weapons to guard the State, or scourge8/˘······
Tyrants despite their guards or walls.8/˘˘/····
On his young promise Beauty smiled,8···/˘/˘·
Drew his free homage unbeguiled,8···/˘···
And prosperous Age held out his hand,8·/˘·····
And richly his large future planned,8·/˘··/˘·
And troops of friends enjoyed the tide,--8····˘/··
All, all was given, and only health denied.10···/·/˘·˘/
I see him with superior smile8····˘/˘·
Hunted by Sorrow's grisly train8/˘·/˘/˘·
In lands remote, in toil and pain,8··˘/····
With angel patience labor on,8·/˘/˘/˘·
With the high port he wore erewhile,10··········
When, foremost of the youthful band,8·/···/˘·
The prizes in all lists he won;8·/˘·····
Nor bate one jot of heart or hope,8········
And, least of all, the loyal tie8·····/˘·
Which holds to home 'neath every sky,8·····/˘·
The joy and pride the pilgrim feels8·····/˘·
In hearts which round the hearth at home8········
Keep pulse for pulse with those who roam.8········
What generous beliefs console8·/˘˘˘/˘/
The brave whom Fate denies the goal!8····˘/··
If others reach it, is content;8·/˘···˘/
To Heaven's high will his will is bent.9·/˘······
Firm on his heart relied,6····˘/
What lot soe'er betide,5···˘/
Work of his hand4····
He nor repents nor grieves,6··˘/··
Pleads for itself the fact,6··˘/··
As unrepenting Nature leaves8·····/˘·
Her every act.5·/˘˘·
Fell the bolt on the branching oak;8·····/˘·
The rainbow of his hope was broke;8·/······
No craven cry, no secret tear,--8·/˘··/˘·
He told no pang, he knew no fear;8········
Its peace sublime his aspect kept,8··˘/·/··
His purpose woke, his features slept;8·/˘··/˘·
And yet between the spasms of pain9·····/˘··
His genius beamed with joy again.8·/˘···˘/
O'er thy rich dust the endless smile8·····/˘·
Of Nature in thy Spanish isle8·/˘··/˘·
Hints never loss or cruel break8·/˘··/˘·
And sacrifice for love's dear sake,8·/˘·····
Nor mourn the unalterable Days8···˘/˘˘·
That Genius goes and Folly stays.8·/˘··/˘·
What matters how, or from what ground,8·/˘·····
The freed soul its Creator found?8····˘/˘·
Alike thy memory embalms8˘/·/˘˘˘/
That orange-grove, that isle of palms,8·/˘·····
And these loved banks, whose oak-bough bold8········
Root in the blood of heroes old.8·····/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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