Variety
The heavens rejoyce in motion, why should IAbjure my so much lov'd variety,And not with many youth and love divide?Pleasure is none, if not diversifi'd:The sun that sitting in the chaire of lightSheds flame into what else so ever doth seem bright,Is not contented at one Signe to Inne,But ends his year and with a new beginnes.All things doe willingly in change delight,The fruitfull mother of our appetite:Rivers the clearer and more pleasing are,Where their fair spreading streames run wide and farr;And a dead lake that no strange bark doth greet,Corrupts it self and what doth live in it.Let no man tell me such a one is faire,And worthy all alone my love to share.Nature in her hath done the liberall partOf a kinde Mistresse, and imploy'd her artTo make her loveable, and I averHim not humane that would turn back from her:I love her well, and would, if need were, dyeTo doe her service. But followes it that IMust serve her onely, when I may have choiceOf other beauties, and in change rejoice?The law is hard, and shall not have my voice.The last I saw in all extreames is faire,And holds me in the Sun-beames of her haire;Her nymph-like features such agreements haveThat I could venture with her to the grave:Another's brown, I like her not the worse,Her tongue is soft and takes me with discourse.Others, for that they well descended are,Do in my love obtain as large a share;And though they be not fair, 'tis much with meeTo win their love onely for their degree.And though I faile of my required ends,The attempt is glorious and it self commends.How happy were our Syres in ancient times,Who held plurality of loves no crime!With them it was accounted charityTo stirre up race of all indifferently;Kindreds were not exempted from the bands:Which with the Persian still in usage stands.Women were then no sooner asked then won,And what they did was honest and well done.But since this title honour hath been us'd,Our weake credulity hath been abus'd;The golden laws of nature are repeald,Which our first Fathers in such reverence held;Our liberty's revers'd, our Charter's gone,And we're made servants to opinion,A monster in no certain shape attir'd,And whose originall is much desir'd,Formlesse at first, but goeing on it fashions,And doth prescribe manners and laws to nations.Here love receiv'd immedicable harmes,And was dispoiled of his daring armes.A greater want then is his daring eyes,He lost those awfull wings with which he flies;His sinewy bow, and those immortall dartsWherewith he'is wont to bruise resisting hearts.Onely some few strong in themselves and freeRetain the seeds of antient liberty,Following that part of Love although deprest,And make a throne for him within their brest,In spight of modern censures him avowingTheir Soveraigne, all service him allowing.Amongst which troop although I am the least,Yet equall in perfection with the best,I glory in subjection of his hand,Nor ever did decline his least command:For in whatever forme the message cameMy heart did open and receive the same.But time will in his course a point discryWhen I this loved service must deny,For our allegiance temporary is,With firmer age returnes our liberties.What time in years and judgement we repos'd,Shall not so easily be to change dispos'd,Nor to the art of severall eyes obeying;But beauty with true worth securely weighing,Which being found assembled in some one,Wee'l love her ever, and love her alone.
Words in this poem 21
- abjure v. t.
- To renounce upon oath; to forswear; to disavow; as, to abjure allegiance to a prince. To abjure the realm, is to swear to abandon it forever. [L. abjurare to deny upon oath; ab + jurare to swear, fr. jus, juris, right, law; cf. F. abjurer. See Jury.]
- willingly adv.
- In a willing manner; with free will; without reluctance; cheerfully.
- fruitfull a.
- Full of fruit; producing fruit abundantly; bearing results; prolific; fertile; liberal; bountiful; as, a fruitful tree, or season, or soil; a fruitful wife.
- clearer n.
- One who, or that which, clears.
- farr n.
- A young pig, or a litter of pigs. [See Farrow.]
- liberall a.
- Free by birth; hence, befitting a freeman or gentleman; refined; noble; independent; free; not servile or mean; as, a liberal ancestry; a liberal spirit; liberal arts or studies. [F. libéral, L. liberalis, from liber free; perh. akin to libet, lubet,it pleases, E. lief. Cf. Deliver.]
- aver n.
- A work horse, or working ox. [OF. aver domestic animal, whence LL. averia, pl. cattle. See Habit, and cf. Average.]
- humane a.
- Pertaining to man; human. Jer. Taylor. [L. humanus: cf. F. humain. See Human.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- glorious a.
- Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
- stirre v. t.
- To change the place of in any manner; to move. [OE. stiren, steren, sturen, AS. styrian; probably akin to D. storen to disturb, G. stören, OHG. storen to scatter, destroy. *166.]
- indifferently adv.
- In an indifferent manner; without distinction or preference; impartially; without concern, wish, affection, or aversion; tolerably; passably.
- honour n.
- Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
- prescribe v. t.
- To lay down authoritatively as a guide, direction, or rule of action; to impose as a peremptory order; to dictate; to appoint; to direct. [L. praescribere, praescriptum; prae before + scriebe to write. See Scribe.]
- immedicable a.
- Not to be healed; incurable. [L. Immedicabilis. See In- not, and Medicable.]
- awfull a.
- Oppressing with fear or horror; appalling; terrible; as, an awful scene.
- immortall a.
- Not mortal; exempt from liability to die; undying; imperishable; lasting forever; having unlimited, or eternal, existance. [L. immortalis; pref. im- not + mortalis mortal: cf. F. immortel. See Mortal, and cf. Immortelle.]
- wherewith adv.
- With which; -- used relatively.
- spight n.
- A woodpecker. See Speight.
- amongst prep.
- Mixed or mingled; surrounded by. [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.]
- severall adv.
- By itself; severally.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Variety is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of John Donne, Volume 1 (of 2) Edited from the Old Editions and Numerous Manuscripts, Project Gutenberg ebook #48688; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Donne, Variety, in Poems (1633), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #48688, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/donne-poems/variety.html, id L04935.
Form and metre
Variety is 83 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 53% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 85%). 90% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 15 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 19% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 --AABB--BBCC--DDEE--FFGGGHHII----JJKK----LLMMNNOOPP----QQRRSS--TTUUTTVVWWXXYYZZaa-- i · variety · divideA · diversifi'dA · lightB · brightB · inne · beginnes · delightB · appetiteB · areC · farrC · greet · it · faireD · shareD · partE · artE · aver · her · dyeF · iF · choiceG · rejoiceG · voiceG · faireH · haireH · haveI · graveI · worse · discourse · are · share · meeJ · degreeJ · endsK · commendsK · times · crime · charity · indifferently · bandsL · standsL · wonM · doneM · us'dN · abus'dN · repealdO · heldO · goneP · opinionP · attir'd · desir'd · fashions · nations · harmesQ · armesQ · eyesR · fliesR · dartsS · heartsS · free · liberty · deprestT · brestT · avowingU · allowingU · leastT · bestT · handV · commandV · cameW · sameW · discryX · denyX · isY · libertiesY · repos'dZ · dispos'dZ · obeyinga · weighinga · one · alone
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| The heavens rejoyce in motion, why should I | 11 | ·/˘···/˘··· |
| Abjure my so much lov'd variety, | 10 | ˘/····˘/˘˘ |
| And not with many youth and love divide? | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Pleasure is none, if not diversifi'd: | 10 | /˘····˘/˘· |
| The sun that sitting in the chaire of light | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Sheds flame into what else so ever doth seem bright, | 11 | ·······/··· |
| Is not contented at one Signe to Inne, | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| But ends his year and with a new beginnes. | 10 | ········˘/ |
| All things doe willingly in change delight, | 10 | ···/˘˘··˘/ |
| The fruitfull mother of our appetite: | 10 | ·/˘/˘·//˘· |
| Rivers the clearer and more pleasing are, | 10 | /˘·/˘··/˘· |
| Where their fair spreading streames run wide and farr; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And a dead lake that no strange bark doth greet, | 10 | ·········· |
| Corrupts it self and what doth live in it. | 10 | ˘/········ |
| Let no man tell me such a one is faire, | 10 | ·········· |
| And worthy all alone my love to share. | 10 | ·/˘·˘/···· |
| Nature in her hath done the liberall part | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| Of a kinde Mistresse, and imploy'd her art | 10 | ·········· |
| To make her loveable, and I aver | 10 | ···/˘˘··/˘ |
| Him not humane that would turn back from her: | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| I love her well, and would, if need were, dye | 10 | ·········· |
| To doe her service. But followes it that I | 11 | ···/˘·/˘··· |
| Must serve her onely, when I may have choice | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of other beauties, and in change rejoice? | 10 | ·/˘/˘···˘/ |
| The law is hard, and shall not have my voice. | 10 | ·········· |
| The last I saw in all extreames is faire, | 10 | ·········· |
| And holds me in the Sun-beames of her haire; | 10 | ·········· |
| Her nymph-like features such agreements have | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| That I could venture with her to the grave: | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Another's brown, I like her not the worse, | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| Her tongue is soft and takes me with discourse. | 10 | ········/˘ |
| Others, for that they well descended are, | 10 | /˘····˘/˘· |
| Do in my love obtain as large a share; | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| And though they be not fair, 'tis much with mee | 10 | ·········· |
| To win their love onely for their degree. | 10 | ····/˘··˘/ |
| And though I faile of my required ends, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| The attempt is glorious and it self commends. | 11 | ·˘/·/˘···˘/ |
| How happy were our Syres in ancient times, | 10 | ·/˘·/··/˘· |
| Who held plurality of loves no crime! | 10 | ··˘/˘˘···· |
| With them it was accounted charity | 10 | ····˘/˘/˘˘ |
| To stirre up race of all indifferently; | 11 | ······˘/˘˘˘ |
| Kindreds were not exempted from the bands: | 10 | /˘··˘/˘··· |
| Which with the Persian still in usage stands. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Women were then no sooner asked then won, | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| And what they did was honest and well done. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| But since this title honour hath been us'd, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Our weake credulity hath been abus'd; | 10 | /·˘/˘˘··˘/ |
| The golden laws of nature are repeald, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Which our first Fathers in such reverence held; | 10 | ·/·/˘··/˘· |
| Our liberty's revers'd, our Charter's gone, | 10 | //˘˘˘///˘· |
| And we're made servants to opinion, | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| A monster in no certain shape attir'd, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| And whose originall is much desir'd, | 11 | ··˘/˘˘··˘/˘ |
| Formlesse at first, but goeing on it fashions, | 10 | ········/˘ |
| And doth prescribe manners and laws to nations. | 11 | ··˘//˘···/˘ |
| Here love receiv'd immedicable harmes, | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘˘˘· |
| And was dispoiled of his daring armes. | 10 | ····˘··/˘· |
| A greater want then is his daring eyes, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| He lost those awfull wings with which he flies; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| His sinewy bow, and those immortall darts | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Wherewith he'is wont to bruise resisting hearts. | 10 | ˘/····˘/˘· |
| Onely some few strong in themselves and free | 10 | /˘····˘/·· |
| Retain the seeds of antient liberty, | 10 | ˘/·····/˘˘ |
| Following that part of Love although deprest, | 10 | /˘········ |
| And make a throne for him within their brest, | 10 | ·········· |
| In spight of modern censures him avowing | 11 | ···/˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| Their Soveraigne, all service him allowing. | 11 | ·····/˘·˘/˘ |
| Amongst which troop although I am the least, | 10 | ·········· |
| Yet equall in perfection with the best, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| I glory in subjection of his hand, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| Nor ever did decline his least command: | 10 | ·/˘·˘/··˘/ |
| For in whatever forme the message came | 11 | ···/˘/˘·/˘· |
| My heart did open and receive the same. | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| But time will in his course a point discry | 10 | ·········· |
| When I this loved service must deny, | 10 | ····˘/˘·˘/ |
| For our allegiance temporary is, | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘·˘· |
| With firmer age returnes our liberties. | 11 | ·/˘·˘//˘/˘˘ |
| What time in years and judgement we repos'd, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Shall not so easily be to change dispos'd, | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Nor to the art of severall eyes obeying; | 11 | ·····/˘·˘/˘ |
| But beauty with true worth securely weighing, | 11 | ·/˘···˘/˘/˘ |
| Which being found assembled in some one, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| Wee'l love her ever, and love her alone. | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
Notes from the edition 31
Herbert Grierson's record of the readings of the early editions and manuscripts, from his Poems of John Donne (Oxford, 1912; Project Gutenberg #48688).
- Line 1 motion, why Ed: motion why, 1650-69
- Line 3 love divide? MSS.: lov'd divide? 1650-69
- Line 4 diversifi'd: Ed: diversifi'd 1650-69
- Line 6 what else so ever doth seem 1650-69: what else is not so A10
- Line 14 it self and 1650-69: it self, kills A10
- Line 16 And only worthy to be past compare; A10
- Line 19 aver] ever 1650-69
- Line 20 would turn back from 1650-69: could not fancy A10
- Line 24 Of other beauties, and in change rejoice? A10: om. 1650-69
- Line 25 omitted in A10
- Line 30 brown, Ed: brown 1650-69
- Line 32 are JC: were 1650-69
- Line 43 Persian 1650-54, JC: Persians 1669, A10
- Line 46 title A10, JC: little 1650-69
- Line 51 we're A10: we 1650-69, JC
- Line 53 whose originall 1650-69, JC: one whose origin A10
- Line 54 goeing on it fashions A10: growing on it fashions JC: growing on its fashions, 1650-69
- Line 55 manners and laws to 1650-69, JC: Lawes, Manners unto A10
- Line 57 armes. A10: armes, 1650-69
- Line 58 is 1650-69: of A10
- Line 63 seeds of antient 1650-69, JC: seed of pristine A10
- Line 64 Love] love 1650-69
- Line 70 of his 1650-69: under's A10
- Line 71 Nor ... decline 1650-69: Never declining from A10
- Line 72 omitted in A10
- Line 73 same. Ed: same: 1650-69: flame JC
- Line 75 deny, Ed: deny. 1650-69
- Line 79 dispos'd, Ed: dispos'd 1650-69
- Line 80 obeying; Ed: obeying, 1650-69
- Line 81 securely 1650-69: unpartially A10
- Line 83 Wee'l love her ever, Ed: Wee'l leave her ever, 1650-69, JC: Would love for ever, A10
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