To Sr Edward Herbert. At Iulyers
Man is a lumpe, where all beasts kneaded bee,Wisdome makes him an Arke where all agree;The foole, in whom these beasts do live at jarre,Is sport to others, and a Theater;Nor scapes hee so, but is himselfe their prey,All which was man in him, is eate away,And now his beasts on one another feed,Yet couple'in anger, and new monsters breed.How happy'is hee, which hath due place assign'dTo'his beasts, and disaforested his minde!Empail'd himselfe to keepe them out, not in;Can sow, and dares trust corne, where they have bin;Can use his horse, goate, wolfe, and every beast,And is not Asse himselfe to all the rest.Else, man not onely is the heard of swine,But he's those devills too, which did inclineThem to a headlong rage, and made them worse:For man can adde weight to heavens heaviest curse.As Soules (they say) by our first touch, take inThe poysonous tincture of Originall sinne,So, to the punishments which God doth fling,Our apprehension contributes the sting.To us, as to his chickins, he doth castHemlocke, and wee as men, his hemlocke taste;We do infuse to what he meant for meat,Corrosivenesse, or intense cold or heat.For, God no such specifique poyson hathAs kills we know not how; his fiercest wrathHath no antipathy, but may be goodAt lest for physicke, if not for our food.Thus man, that might be'his pleasure, is his rod,And is his devill, that might be his God.Since then our businesse is, to rectifieNature, to what she was, wee'are led awryBy them, who man to us in little show;Greater then due, no forme we can bestowOn him; for Man into himselfe can drawAll; All his faith can swallow,'or reason chaw.All that is fill'd, and all that which doth fill,All the round world, to man is but a pill,In all it workes not, but it is in allPoysonous, or purgative, or cordiall,For, knowledge kindles Calentures in some,And is to others icy Opium.As brave as true, is that profession thanWhich you doe use to make; that you know man.This makes it credible; you have dwelt uponAll worthy bookes, and now are such an one.Actions are authors, and of those in youYour friends finde every day a mart of new.
Words in this poem
- jarre n.
- A turn. [Only in phrase.] On the jar, on the turn, ajar, as a door. [See Ajar.]
- asse n.
- A small foxlike animal (Vulpes cama) of South Africa, valued for its fur.
- sinne adv.
- Old form of Since. [Obs. or Prov.Eng. & Scot.]
- devill n.
- The Evil One; Satan, represented as the tempter and spiritual of mankind. [AS. deófol, deóful; akin to G. , Goth. diabaúlus; all fr. L. diabolus the devil, Gr. gal to fall. Cf. Diabolic.]
- chaw v. t.
- To grind with the teeth; to masticate, as food in eating; to chew, as the cud; to champ, as the bit. [See Chew.]
- cordiall a.
- Proceeding from the heart. [LL. cordialis, fr. L. cor heart: cf. F. cordial. See Heart.]
- mart v. t.
- To buy or sell in, or as in, a mart.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
To Sr Edward Herbert. At Iulyers is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of John Donne, Volume 1 (of 2) Edited from the Old Editions and Numerous Manuscripts, Project Gutenberg ebook #48688; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Donne, To Sr Edward Herbert. At Iulyers, in Poems (1633), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #48688, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/donne-poems/to-sr-edward-herbert-at-iulyers.html, id L19907.
Form and metre
To Sr Edward Herbert. At Iulyers is 50 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 76% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 80%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.5 syllables. 4 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 34% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AA--BBCCDDEE--EEFFEEGG--HHII--JJ--KKLLMMMMNNOO--PP beeA · agreeA · jarre · theater · preyB · awayB · feedC · breedC · assign'dD · mindeD · inE · binE · beast · rest · swineE · inclineE · worseF · curseF · inE · sinneE · flingG · stingG · cast · taste · meatH · heatH · hathI · wrathI · good · food · rodJ · godJ · rectifie · awry · showK · bestowK · drawL · chawL · fillM · pillM · allM · cordiallM · someN · opiumN · thanO · manO · upon · one · youP · newP
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Man is a lumpe, where all beasts kneaded bee, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Wisdome makes him an Arke where all agree; | 10 | ········˘/ |
| The foole, in whom these beasts do live at jarre, | 11 | ··········· |
| Is sport to others, and a Theater; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| Nor scapes hee so, but is himselfe their prey, | 10 | ·········· |
| All which was man in him, is eate away, | 10 | ········˘/ |
| And now his beasts on one another feed, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Yet couple'in anger, and new monsters breed. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| How happy'is hee, which hath due place assign'd | 10 | ········˘/ |
| To'his beasts, and disaforested his minde! | 11 | ··········· |
| Empail'd himselfe to keepe them out, not in; | 10 | ·········· |
| Can sow, and dares trust corne, where they have bin; | 10 | ·········· |
| Can use his horse, goate, wolfe, and every beast, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And is not Asse himselfe to all the rest. | 10 | ·········· |
| Else, man not onely is the heard of swine, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But he's those devills too, which did incline | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Them to a headlong rage, and made them worse: | 10 | ···/······ |
| For man can adde weight to heavens heaviest curse. | 11 | ······/˘/˘· |
| As Soules (they say) by our first touch, take in | 10 | ·····/···· |
| The poysonous tincture of Originall sinne, | 11 | ····/˘·˘/˘· |
| So, to the punishments which God doth fling, | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| Our apprehension contributes the sting. | 10 | /·˘/˘˘/˘·· |
| To us, as to his chickins, he doth cast | 10 | ·········· |
| Hemlocke, and wee as men, his hemlocke taste; | 10 | ·········· |
| We do infuse to what he meant for meat, | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Corrosivenesse, or intense cold or heat. | 11 | ······˘/··· |
| For, God no such specifique poyson hath | 10 | ·········· |
| As kills we know not how; his fiercest wrath | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Hath no antipathy, but may be good | 10 | ··˘/˘˘···· |
| At lest for physicke, if not for our food. | 10 | ········/· |
| Thus man, that might be'his pleasure, is his rod, | 11 | ······/˘··· |
| And is his devill, that might be his God. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Since then our businesse is, to rectifie | 11 | ··/········ |
| Nature, to what she was, wee'are led awry | 10 | /˘······˘/ |
| By them, who man to us in little show; | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Greater then due, no forme we can bestow | 11 | /˘···/˘··˘/ |
| On him; for Man into himselfe can draw | 10 | ·········· |
| All; All his faith can swallow,'or reason chaw. | 11 | ·····/˘·/˘· |
| All that is fill'd, and all that which doth fill, | 10 | ·········· |
| All the round world, to man is but a pill, | 10 | ·········· |
| In all it workes not, but it is in all | 10 | ·········· |
| Poysonous, or purgative, or cordiall, | 10 | ····/˘˘·/˘ |
| For, knowledge kindles Calentures in some, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| And is to others icy Opium. | 10 | ···/˘/˘/˘˘ |
| As brave as true, is that profession than | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Which you doe use to make; that you know man. | 10 | ·········· |
| This makes it credible; you have dwelt upon | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| All worthy bookes, and now are such an one. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Actions are authors, and of those in you | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| Your friends finde every day a mart of new. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
Notes from the edition 11
Herbert Grierson's record of the readings of the early editions and manuscripts, from his Poems of John Donne (Oxford, 1912; Project Gutenberg #48688).
- Line 4 Theater; Ed: Theater, 1633-69: Theater. D
- Line 5 prey, Ed: prey; 1633-69
- Line 8 breed.] breed; 1633
- Line 17 a headlong] a om. 1669: an headlong 1635-54
- Line 24 taste; Ed: taste. 1633-69
- Line 28 we know 1633 and MSS.: men know 1635-69, O'F
- Line 35 show; 1669: show, 1633-54, Chambers
- Line 36 due, 1633-69: due; Chambers. See note
- Line 39 fill, 1633-54: fill 1669: fill; Grolier
- Line 44 icy] jcy 1633
- Line 47 credible; ... bookes, Ed: credible, ... bookes; 1633-69: credible ... bookes Grolier
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.