Marriage Songs

John Donne (1572–1631) · 1633

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 114 lines · from Poems

An Epithalamion, Or mariage Song on the Lady Elizabeth, and CountPalatine being married on St. Valentines day.

Haile Bishop Valentine, whose day this is,All the Aire is thy Diocis,And all the chirping ChoristersAnd other birds are thy Parishioners,Thou marryest every yeareThe Lirique Larke, and the grave whispering Dove,The Sparrow that neglects his life for love,The household Bird, with the red stomacher,Thou mak'st the black bird speed as soone,As doth the Goldfinch, or the Halcyon;The husband cocke lookes out, and straight is sped,And meets his wife, which brings her feather-bed.This day more cheerfully then ever shine,This day, which might enflame thy self, Old Valentine.

Till now, Thou warmd'st with multiplying lovesTwo larkes, two sparrowes, or two Doves,All that is nothing unto this,For thou this day couplest two Phœnixes;Thou mak'st a Taper seeWhat the sunne never saw, and what the Arke(Which was of soules, and beasts, the cage, and park,)Did not containe, one bed containes, through Thee,Two Phœnixes, whose joyned breastsAre unto one another mutuall nests,Where motion kindles such fires, as shall giveYong Phœnixes, and yet the old shall live.Whose love and courage never shall decline,But make the whole year through, thy day, O Valentine.

Up then faire Phœnix Bride, frustrate the Sunne,Thy selfe from thine affectionTakest warmth enough, and from thine eyeAll lesser birds will take their Jollitie.Up, up, faire Bride, and call,Thy starres, from out their severall boxes, takeThy Rubies, Pearles, and Diamonds forth, and makeThy selfe a constellation, of them All,And by their blazing, signifie,That a Great Princess falls, but doth not die;Bee thou a new starre, that to us portendsEnds of much wonder; And be Thou those ends.Since thou dost this day in new glory shine,May all men date Records, from this thy Valentine.

Come forth, come forth, and as one glorious flameMeeting Another, growes the same,So meet thy Fredericke, and soTo an unseparable union growe.Since separationFalls not on such things as are infinite,Nor things which are but one, can disunite,You'are twice inseparable, great, and one;Goe then to where the Bishop staies,To make you one, his way, which divers waiesMust be effected; and when all is past,And that you'are one, by hearts and hands made fast,You two have one way left, your selves to'entwine,Besides this Bishops knot, or Bishop Valentine.

But oh, what ailes the Sunne, that here he staies,Longer to day, then other daies?Staies he new light from these to get?And finding here such store, is loth to set?And why doe you two walke,So slowly pac'd in this procession?Is all your care but to be look'd upon,And be to others spectacle, and talke?The feast, with gluttonous delaies,Is eaten, and too long their meat they praise,The masquers come too late, and'I thinke, will stay,Like Fairies, till the Cock crow them away.Alas, did not Antiquity assigneA night, as well as day, to thee, O Valentine?

They did, and night is come; and yet wee seeFormalities retarding thee.What meane these Ladies, which (as thoughThey were to take a clock in peeces,) goeSo nicely about the Bride;A Bride, before a good night could be said,Should vanish from her cloathes, into her bed,As Soules from bodies steale, and are not spy'd.But now she is laid; What though shee bee?Yet there are more delayes, For, where is he?He comes, and passes through Spheare after Spheare,First her sheetes, then her Armes, then any where.Let not this day, then, but this night be thine,Thy day was but the eve to this, O Valentine.

Here lyes a shee Sunne, and a hee Moone here,She gives the best light to his Spheare,Or each is both, and all, and soThey unto one another nothing owe,And yet they doe, but areSo just and rich in that coyne which they pay,That neither would, nor needs forbeare, nor stay;Neither desires to be spar'd, nor to spare,They quickly pay their debt, and thenTake no acquittances, but pay again;They pay, they give, they lend, and so let fallNo such occasion to be liberall.More truth, more courage in these two do shine,Then all thy turtles have, and sparrows, Valentine.

And by this act of these two PhenixesNature againe restored is,For since these two are two no more,Ther's but one Phenix still, as was before.Rest now at last, and weeAs Satyres watch the Sunnes uprise, will stayWaiting, when your eyes opened, let out day,Onely desir'd, because your face wee see;Others neare you shall whispering speake,And wagers lay, at which side day will breake,And win by'observing, then, whose hand it isThat opens first a curtaine, hers or his;This will be tryed to morrow after nine,Till which houre, wee thy day enlarge, O Valentine.

Words in this poem

valentine n.
A sweetheart chosen on St. Valentine's Day.
stomacher n.
One who stomachs.
cheerfully adv.
In a cheerful manner, gladly.
mutuall a.
Reciprocally acting or related; reciprocally receiving and giving; reciprocally given and received; reciprocal; interchanged; as, a mutual love, advantage, assistance, aversion, etc. [F. mutuel, L. mutuus, orig., exchanged, borrowed, lent; akin to mutare to change. See Mutable.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
severall adv.
By itself; severally.
princess n.
A female prince; a woman having sovereign power, or the rank of a prince. [F. princesse. See Prince, and cf. Princesse.]
starre n.
One of the innumerable luminous bodies seen in the heavens; any heavenly body other than the sun, moon, comets, and nebulæ. [OE. sterre, AS. steorra; akin to OFries. stera, OS. sterro, D. ster, OHG. sterno, sterro, G. stern, Icel. stjarna, Sw. stjerna, Dan. stierne, Goth. staírno, Arm]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
divers a.
Different in kind or species; diverse. [F. divers, L. diversus turned in different directions, different, p. p. of divertere. See Divert, and cf. Diverse.]
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
liberall a.
Free by birth; hence, befitting a freeman or gentleman; refined; noble; independent; free; not servile or mean; as, a liberal ancestry; a liberal spirit; liberal arts or studies. [F. libéral, L. liberalis, from liber free; perh. akin to libet, lubet,it pleases, E. lief. Cf. Deliver.]
phenix n.
A bird fabled to exist single, to be consumed by fire by its own act, and to rise again from its ashes. Hence, an emblem of immortality. [L. phoenix, Gr. foi^nix.]
uprise v. i.
To rise; to get up; to appear from below the horizon.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Marriage Songs is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of John Donne, Volume 1 (of 2) Edited from the Old Editions and Numerous Manuscripts, Project Gutenberg ebook #48688; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: John Donne, Marriage Songs, in Poems (1633), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #48688, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/donne-poems/marriage-songs.html, id L19890.

Form and metre

Marriage Songs is 114 lines in 9 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 58% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.5 syllables. 11 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 25% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 A-AA-BB--CDDCC isA · diocis · choristersA · parishionersA · yeare · doveB · loveB · stomacher · soone · halcyonC · spedD · bedD · shineC · valentineC
  2. 3 AA--BCCBDDEEFF lovesA · dovesA · this · phœnixes · seeB · arkeC · parkC · theeB · breastsD · nestsD · giveE · liveE · declineF · valentineF
  3. 4 AAB-CDDC-BEEFF sunneA · affectionA · eyeB · jollitie · callC · takeD · makeD · allC · signifie · dieB · portendsE · endsE · shineF · valentineF
  4. 5 AABBC--CDDEEFF flameA · sameA · soB · groweB · separationC · infinite · disunite · oneC · staiesD · waiesD · pastE · fastE · to'entwineF · valentineF
  5. 6 AABBCDDCAAEE-- staiesA · daiesA · getB · setB · walkeC · processionD · uponD · talkeC · delaiesA · praiseA · stayE · awayE · assigne · valentine
  6. 7 AABB-CC-AA--DD seeA · theeA · thoughB · goeB · bride · saidC · bedC · spy'd · beeA · heA · spheare · where · thineD · valentineD
  7. 8 AABB-CC-DDEEFF hereA · spheareA · soB · oweB · are · payC · stayC · spare · thenD · againD · fallE · liberallE · shineF · valentineF
  8. 9 AABBCDDCEEAAFF phenixesA · isA · moreB · beforeB · weeC · stayD · dayD · seeC · speakeE · breakeE · isA · hisA · nineF · valentineF
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
An Epithalamion, Or mariage Song on the Lady Elizabeth, and Count19············/˘˘/˘··
Palatine being married on St. Valentines day.12/˘·//˘··/˘··
Haile Bishop Valentine, whose day this is,10·/˘/˘·····
All the Aire is thy Diocis,7·······
And all the chirping Choristers8···/˘···
And other birds are thy Parishioners,10·/˘···˘/˘˘
Thou marryest every yeare8·/˘˘/˘˘·
The Lirique Larke, and the grave whispering Dove,10·······/˘·
The Sparrow that neglects his life for love,10·/˘·˘/····
The household Bird, with the red stomacher,10·/·····/˘˘
Thou mak'st the black bird speed as soone,8········
As doth the Goldfinch, or the Halcyon;10···/···/˘˘
The husband cocke lookes out, and straight is sped,10·/˘·······
And meets his wife, which brings her feather-bed.10·······/˘·
This day more cheerfully then ever shine,10···/˘˘·/˘·
This day, which might enflame thy self, Old Valentine.12·········/˘·
Till now, Thou warmd'st with multiplying loves10·····/˘·˘·
Two larkes, two sparrowes, or two Doves,8···/˘···
All that is nothing unto this,8···/˘···
For thou this day couplest two Phœnixes;10····/˘····
Thou mak'st a Taper see6···/˘·
What the sunne never saw, and what the Arke10···/˘·····
(Which was of soules, and beasts, the cage, and park,)10··········
Did not containe, one bed containes, through Thee,10······˘/··
Two Phœnixes, whose joyned breasts7·······
Are unto one another mutuall nests,10····˘/˘/˘·
Where motion kindles such fires, as shall give10·/˘/˘·/···
Yong Phœnixes, and yet the old shall live.10··········
Whose love and courage never shall decline,10···/˘/˘·˘/
But make the whole year through, thy day, O Valentine.12·········/˘·
Up then faire Phœnix Bride, frustrate the Sunne,10······/···
Thy selfe from thine affection7····˘/˘
Takest warmth enough, and from thine eye9···˘/····
All lesser birds will take their Jollitie.10·/˘·······
Up, up, faire Bride, and call,6······
Thy starres, from out their severall boxes, take10·····/˘/˘·
Thy Rubies, Pearles, and Diamonds forth, and make10·/˘··/˘···
Thy selfe a constellation, of them All,10····˘/˘···
And by their blazing, signifie,8···/˘···
That a Great Princess falls, but doth not die;10···/˘·····
Bee thou a new starre, that to us portends10········˘/
Ends of much wonder; And be Thou those ends.10···/˘·····
Since thou dost this day in new glory shine,10·······/˘·
May all men date Records, from this thy Valentine.12····˘/···/˘·
Come forth, come forth, and as one glorious flame10·······/˘·
Meeting Another, growes the same,8/˘˘/˘···
So meet thy Fredericke, and so8········
To an unseparable union growe.10··˘/˘˘˘/˘·
Since separation5··˘/˘
Falls not on such things as are infinite,10·······/˘˘
Nor things which are but one, can disunite,10··········
You'are twice inseparable, great, and one;10··˘/˘˘˘···
Goe then to where the Bishop staies,9·····/˘/˘
To make you one, his way, which divers waies10·······/˘·
Must be effected; and when all is past,10··˘/˘·····
And that you'are one, by hearts and hands made fast,10··········
You two have one way left, your selves to'entwine,10··········
Besides this Bishops knot, or Bishop Valentine.12˘/·/˘··/˘/˘·
But oh, what ailes the Sunne, that here he staies,11·········/˘
Longer to day, then other daies?8/˘···/˘·
Staies he new light from these to get?9/˘·······
And finding here such store, is loth to set?10·/˘·······
And why doe you two walke,6······
So slowly pac'd in this procession?9·/˘···˘/˘
Is all your care but to be look'd upon,10··········
And be to others spectacle, and talke?10···/˘/˘˘··
The feast, with gluttonous delaies,8···/˘˘˘/
Is eaten, and too long their meat they praise,10·/˘·······
The masquers come too late, and'I thinke, will stay,11···········
Like Fairies, till the Cock crow them away.10·/˘·····˘/
Alas, did not Antiquity assigne10˘/··˘/˘˘··
A night, as well as day, to thee, O Valentine?12·········/˘·
They did, and night is come; and yet wee see10··········
Formalities retarding thee.8˘/˘˘˘/˘·
What meane these Ladies, which (as though8···/˘···
They were to take a clock in peeces,) goe10··········
So nicely about the Bride;7·/˘····
A Bride, before a good night could be said,10··········
Should vanish from her cloathes, into her bed,10·/˘·······
As Soules from bodies steale, and are not spy'd.11···/˘······
But now she is laid; What though shee bee?9·········
Yet there are more delayes, For, where is he?10····˘/····
He comes, and passes through Spheare after Spheare,10···/˘·····
First her sheetes, then her Armes, then any where.10·······/˘·
Let not this day, then, but this night be thine,10··········
Thy day was but the eve to this, O Valentine.12·········/˘·
Here lyes a shee Sunne, and a hee Moone here,10··········
She gives the best light to his Spheare,8········
Or each is both, and all, and so8········
They unto one another nothing owe,10····˘/˘/˘·
And yet they doe, but are6······
So just and rich in that coyne which they pay,10··········
That neither would, nor needs forbeare, nor stay;10·/˘·······
Neither desires to be spar'd, nor to spare,10/˘˘/······
They quickly pay their debt, and then8·/˘·····
Take no acquittances, but pay again;10········˘/
They pay, they give, they lend, and so let fall10··········
No such occasion to be liberall.10··˘/˘··/˘˘
More truth, more courage in these two do shine,10···/˘·····
Then all thy turtles have, and sparrows, Valentine.12···/˘··/˘/˘·
And by this act of these two Phenixes10·······/˘˘
Nature againe restored is,7/˘··˘/·
For since these two are two no more,8········
Ther's but one Phenix still, as was before.10···/˘·····
Rest now at last, and wee6······
As Satyres watch the Sunnes uprise, will stay10······/˘··
Waiting, when your eyes opened, let out day,10/˘···/˘···
Onely desir'd, because your face wee see;10/˘˘/······
Others neare you shall whispering speake,9/˘···/˘˘·
And wagers lay, at which side day will breake,10·/˘·······
And win by'observing, then, whose hand it is10··········
That opens first a curtaine, hers or his;10·/˘·······
This will be tryed to morrow after nine,10·····/˘···
Till which houre, wee thy day enlarge, O Valentine.12······˘/·/˘·
Notes from the edition 19

Herbert Grierson's record of the readings of the early editions and manuscripts, from his Poems of John Donne (Oxford, 1912; Project Gutenberg #48688).

  1. Stanza 2, line 13 shine, Ed: shine. 1633-69
  2. Stanza 2, line 14 enflame] enflãe 1633
  3. Stanza 3, line 4 Phœnixes; Ed: Phœnixes, 1633: Phœnixes. 1635-69
  4. Stanza 3, line 8 Thee, 1633, 1650-69: Thee: 1635-39
  5. Stanza 4, line 6 their blazing 1633-69, D, Lec: this blazing A25, B, H49, JC, N, O'F (altered to their), P, TCD
  6. Stanza 4, line 12 ends. 1635-69: ends, 1633
  7. Stanza 4, line 13 this thy 1633-54, B, D, H49, Lec, N, O'F, P, S96, TCD: this day 1669, A25, JC, Chambers
  8. Stanza 5, line 4 growe. A25, B, D, H49, JC, N, O'F, P, S96, TCD: goe, 1633-69, Lec
  9. Stanza 5, line 7 disunite, Grolier: disunite. 1633-69 and Chambers
  10. Stanza 5, line 14 Bishops knot, or Bishop Valentine. A25, B, D, H49, JC, Lec, N, O'F, P (our), S96, TC Bishops knot, O Bishop Valentine. 1633-54: Bishops knot of Bishop Valentine. 1669: Bishops knot, of Bishop Valentine. Chambers
  11. Stanza 6, line 11 come too late, 1633: come late, 1635-69
  12. Stanza 6, line 12 O Valentine? 1633-54, A25, B, D, H49, JC, Lec, N, O'F, P, S96, TCD: old Valentine? 1669
  13. Stanza 7, line 10 where. 1650-69: where, 1633-39
  14. Stanza 8, line 7 stay;] stay, 1633
  15. Stanza 8, line 8 spare, 1633-54: spare. 1669
  16. Stanza 8, line 10 acquittances, 1635-69: acquittance, 1633
  17. Stanza 8, line 12 such] om. 1669
  18. Stanza 9, line 4 As ... uprise,] brackets 1650-69
  19. Stanza 9, line 7 day,] day. 1633

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