Frost at Midnight
The Frost performs its secret ministry,Unhelped by any wind. The owlet's cryCame loud--and hark, again! loud as before.The inmates of my cottage, all at rest,Have left me to that solitude, which suitsAbstruser musings: save that at my sideMy cradled infant slumbers peacefully.'Tis calm indeed! so calm, that it disturbsAnd vexes meditation with its strangeAnd extreme silentness. Sea, hill, and wood,This populous village! Sea, and hill, and wood,With all the numberless goings-on of life,Inaudible as dreams! the thin blue flameLies on my low-burnt fire, and quivers not;Only that film, which fluttered on the grate,Still flutters there, the sole unquiet thing.Methinks, its motion in this hush of natureGives it dim sympathies with me who live,Making it a companionable form,Whose puny flaps and freaks the idling SpiritBy its own moods interprets, every whereEcho or mirror seeking of itself,And makes a toy of Thought.
But O! how oft,How oft, at school, with most believing mind,Presageful, have I gazed upon the bars,To watch that fluttering stranger! and as oftWith unclosed lids, already had I dreamtOf my sweet birth-place, and the old church-tower,Whose bells, the poor man's only music, rangFrom morn to evening, all the hot Fair-day,So sweetly, that they stirred and haunted meWith a wild pleasure, falling on mine earMost like articulate sounds of things to come!So gazed I, till the soothing things, I dreamt,Lulled me to sleep, and sleep prolonged my dreams!And so I brooded all the following morn,Awed by the stern preceptor's face, mine eyeFixed with mock study on my swimming book:Save if the door half opened, and I snatchedA hasty glance, and still my heart leaped up,For still I hoped to see the stranger's face,Townsman, or aunt, or sister more beloved,My play-mate when we both were clothed alike!
Dear Babe, that sleepest cradled by my side,Whose gentle breathings, heard in this deep calm,Fill up the interspersed vacanciesAnd momentary pauses of the thought!My babe so beautiful! it thrills my heartWith tender gladness, thus to look at thee,And think that thou shalt learn far other lore,And in far other scenes! For I was rearedIn the great city, pent 'mid cloisters dim,And saw nought lovely but the sky and stars.But thou, my babe! shalt wander like a breezeBy lakes and sandy shores, beneath the cragsOf ancient mountain, and beneath the clouds,Which image in their bulk both lakes and shoresAnd mountain crags: so shalt thou see and hearThe lovely shapes and sounds intelligibleOf that eternal language, which thy GodUtters, who from eternity doth teachHimself in all, and all things in himself.Great universal Teacher! he shall mouldThy spirit, and by giving make it ask.
Therefore all seasons shall be sweet to thee,Whether the summer clothe the general earthWith greenness, or the redbreast sit and singBetwixt the tufts of snow on the bare branchOf mossy apple-tree, while the nigh thatchSmokes in the sun-thaw; whether the eave-drops fallHeard only in the trances of the blast,Or if the secret ministry of frostShall hang them up in silent icicles,Quietly shining to the quiet Moon.
Words in this poem 18
- silentness n.
- State of being silent; silence.
- populous a.
- Abounding in people; full of inhabitants; containing many inhabitants in proportion to the extent of the country. [L. populosus, fr. populus people: cf. F. populeux.]
- numberless a.
- Innumerable; countless.
- inaudible a.
- Not audible; incapable of being heard; silent. [L. inaudibilis; pref. in- not + audire to hear: cf. F. unaudible. See In- not, and Audible.]
- unquiet v. t.
- To disquiet. Ld. Herbert. [1st pref. un- + quiet.]
- methinks v.
- It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]
- puny a.
- Imperfectly developed in size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty. [F. puîté younger, later born, OF. puisné; puis afterwards (L. post; see Post-) + né born, L. natus. See Natal, and cf. Puisne.]
- presageful a.
- Full of presages; ominous.
- unclosed a.
- Not separated by inclosures; open. Clarendon. [Pref. un- not + closed.]
- morn n.
- The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
- haunted a.
- Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions; frequented by a ghost.
- townsman n.
- An inhabitant of a town; one of the same town with another.
- babe n.
- An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
- shalt
- 2d per. sing. of Shall.
- pent p. p.
- Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up. [From Pen, v. t.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- mould n.
- Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
- betwixt prep.
- In the space which separates; between. [OE. betwix, bitwix, rarely bitwixt, AS. betweox, betweohs, betweoh, betwih; pref. be- by + a form fr. AS. twa two. See Between.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Frost at Midnight is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems of Coleridge, Project Gutenberg ebook #8208; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Frost at Midnight, in Poems of Coleridge (1796–1817), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #8208, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/coleridge-poems/frost-at-midnight.html, id L00320.
Form and metre
Frost at Midnight is 75 lines in 4 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.8 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 44% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---------AA--------B--B ministry · cry · before · rest · suits · side · peacefully · disturbs · strange · woodA · woodA · life · flame · not · grate · thing · nature · live · form · spiritB · where · itself · thoughtB
- 2 A--AB------B--------- oftA · mind · bars · oftA · dreamtB · tower · rang · day · me · ear · come · dreamtB · dreams · morn · eye · book · snatched · up · face · beloved · alike
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| The Frost performs its secret ministry, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘/˘˘ |
| Unhelped by any wind. The owlet's cry | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Came loud--and hark, again! loud as before. | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| The inmates of my cottage, all at rest, | 10 | ·/···/˘··· |
| Have left me to that solitude, which suits | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Abstruser musings: save that at my side | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| My cradled infant slumbers peacefully. | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘/˘˘ |
| 'Tis calm indeed! so calm, that it disturbs | 10 | ··˘/····˘/ |
| And vexes meditation with its strange | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| And extreme silentness. Sea, hill, and wood, | 10 | ·˘//˘˘···· |
| This populous village! Sea, and hill, and wood, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| With all the numberless goings-on of life, | 11 | ···/˘˘/˘··· |
| Inaudible as dreams! the thin blue flame | 10 | ˘/˘˘······ |
| Lies on my low-burnt fire, and quivers not; | 10 | ·····/·/˘· |
| Only that film, which fluttered on the grate, | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| Still flutters there, the sole unquiet thing. | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Methinks, its motion in this hush of nature | 11 | ˘/·/˘····/˘ |
| Gives it dim sympathies with me who live, | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| Making it a companionable form, | 10 | /˘··˘/˘˘˘· |
| Whose puny flaps and freaks the idling Spirit | 10 | ·/˘····/˘/ |
| By its own moods interprets, every where | 10 | ····˘/˘/˘· |
| Echo or mirror seeking of itself, | 10 | /˘·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| And makes a toy of Thought. | 6 | ······ |
| But O! how oft, | 4 | ···· |
| How oft, at school, with most believing mind, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Presageful, have I gazed upon the bars, | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| To watch that fluttering stranger! and as oft | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| With unclosed lids, already had I dreamt | 10 | ·˘/·˘/˘··· |
| Of my sweet birth-place, and the old church-tower, | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Whose bells, the poor man's only music, rang | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| From morn to evening, all the hot Fair-day, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| So sweetly, that they stirred and haunted me | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| With a wild pleasure, falling on mine ear | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Most like articulate sounds of things to come! | 11 | ··˘/˘······ |
| So gazed I, till the soothing things, I dreamt, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Lulled me to sleep, and sleep prolonged my dreams! | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| And so I brooded all the following morn, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Awed by the stern preceptor's face, mine eye | 10 | ·········· |
| Fixed with mock study on my swimming book: | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Save if the door half opened, and I snatched | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| A hasty glance, and still my heart leaped up, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| For still I hoped to see the stranger's face, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Townsman, or aunt, or sister more beloved, | 10 | /˘···/˘·˘/ |
| My play-mate when we both were clothed alike! | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Dear Babe, that sleepest cradled by my side, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Whose gentle breathings, heard in this deep calm, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Fill up the interspersed vacancies | 10 | ····˘/˘/˘˘ |
| And momentary pauses of the thought! | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| My babe so beautiful! it thrills my heart | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| With tender gladness, thus to look at thee, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| And think that thou shalt learn far other lore, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And in far other scenes! For I was reared | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| In the great city, pent 'mid cloisters dim, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And saw nought lovely but the sky and stars. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But thou, my babe! shalt wander like a breeze | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| By lakes and sandy shores, beneath the crags | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of ancient mountain, and beneath the clouds, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Which image in their bulk both lakes and shores | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And mountain crags: so shalt thou see and hear | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| The lovely shapes and sounds intelligible | 11 | ·/˘···˘/˘˘˘ |
| Of that eternal language, which thy God | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| Utters, who from eternity doth teach | 10 | /˘··˘/˘˘·· |
| Himself in all, and all things in himself. | 10 | ˘/······˘/ |
| Great universal Teacher! he shall mould | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| Thy spirit, and by giving make it ask. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Therefore all seasons shall be sweet to thee, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Whether the summer clothe the general earth | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| With greenness, or the redbreast sit and sing | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Betwixt the tufts of snow on the bare branch | 10 | ˘/········ |
| Of mossy apple-tree, while the nigh thatch | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Smokes in the sun-thaw; whether the eave-drops fall | 11 | ··········· |
| Heard only in the trances of the blast, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Or if the secret ministry of frost | 10 | ···/˘/˘˘·· |
| Shall hang them up in silent icicles, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘˘ |
| Quietly shining to the quiet Moon. | 10 | /˘˘/˘··/˘· |
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