The Heretic's Tragedy
Virgilius. AND HATH OFTEN BEEN SUNGERAM, Jessides.
(It would seem to be a glimpse from the burningof Jacques du Bourg-Molay, at Paris, A.D. 1314,as distorted by the refraction from Flemish brain to brain,during the course of a couple of centuries.)
The Lord, we look to once for all,Is the Lord we should look at, all at once:He knows not to vary, saith Saint Paul,Nor the shadow of turning, for the nonce.See him no other than as he is!Give both the infinitudes their due--Infinite mercy, but, I wis,As infinite a justice too.
John, Master of the Temple of God,Falling to sin the Unknown Sin,What he bought of Emperor Aldabrod,He sold it to Sultan Saladin:Till, caught by Pope Clement, a-buzzing there,Hornet-prince of the mad wasps' hive,And clipt of his wings in Paris square,They bring him now to be burned alive.clavicithern, ye shall say toconfirm him who singeth--We bring John now to be burned alive.
In the midst is a goodly gallows built;'Twixt fork and fork, a stake is stuck;But first they set divers tumbrils a-tilt,Make a trench all round with the city muck;Inside they pile log upon log, good store;Faggots no few, blocks great and small,Reach a man's mid-thigh, no less, no more,--For they mean he should roast in the sight of all.
Good sappy bavins that kindle forthwith;Billets that blaze substantial and slow;Pine-stump split deftly, dry as pith;Larch-heart that chars to a chalk-white glow:They up they hoist me John in a chafe,Sling him fast like a hog to scorch,Spit in his face, then leap back safe,Sing "Laudes" and bid clap-to the torch.
John of the Temple, whose fame so bragged,Is burning alive in Paris square!How can he curse, if his mouth is gagged?Or wriggle his neck, with a collar there?Or heave his chest, which a band goes round?Or threat with his fist, since his arms are spliced?Or kick with his feet, now his legs are bound?--Thinks John, I will call upon Jesus Christ.
Jesus Christ--John had bought and sold,Jesus Christ--John had eaten and drunk;To him, the Flesh meant silver and gold.(Salva reverentia.)Now it was, "Saviour, bountiful lamb,"I have roasted thee Turks, though men roast me!"See thy servant, the plight wherein I am!"Art thou a saviour? Save thou me!"
Who maketh God's menace an idle word?--Saith, it no more means what it proclaims,Than a damsel's threat to her wanton bird?For she too prattles of ugly names.--Saith, he knoweth but one thing--what he knows?That God is good and the rest is breath;Why else is the same styled Sharon's rose?Once a rose, ever a rose, he saith.
Alack, there be roses and roses, John!Some, honied of taste like your leman's tongue:Some, bitter; for why? (roast gaily on!)Their tree struck root in devil's-dung.When Paul once reasoned of righteousnessAnd of temperance and of judgment to come,Good Felix trembled, he could no less:John, snickering, crook'd his wicked thumb.
Ha ha, John plucketh now at his roseTo rid himself of a sorrow at heart!Lo,--petal on petal, fierce rays unclose;Anther on anther, sharp spikes outstart;And with blood for dew, the bosom boils;And a gust of sulphur is all its smell;And lo, he is horribly in the toilsOf a coal-black giant flower of hell!
So, as John called now, through the fire amain,On the Name, he had cursed with, all his life--To the Person, he bought and sold again--For the Face, with his daily buffets rife--Feature by feature It took its place:And his voice, like a mad dog's choking bark,At the steady whole of the Judge's face--Died. Forth John's soul flared into the dark.
Words in this poem 21
- saith
- 3d pers. sing. pres. of Say.
- nonce n.
- The one or single occasion; the present call or purpose; -- chiefly used in the phrase for the nonce. [For the nonce, OE. for the nones, a corruption of for then ones, where n. in then is a relic of AS. m in , dat. of the article and demonstrative pronoun, E. the]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- goodly a.
- Pleasant; agreeable; desirable. [OE. godlich, AS. g. See Good, and Like.]
- divers a.
- Different in kind or species; diverse. [F. divers, L. diversus turned in different directions, different, p. p. of divertere. See Divert, and cf. Diverse.]
- sappy a.
- Musty; tainted. [Cf. L. sapere to taste.]
- forthwith adv.
- Immediately; without delay; directly.
- deftly adv.
- Aptly; fitly; dexterously; neatly. [Cf. Defly.]
- scorch v. t.
- To burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without consuming; as, to scorch linen. [OE. scorchen, probably akin to scorcnen; cf. Norw. skrokken shrunk up, skrekka, skrökka, to shrink, to become wrinkled up, dial. Sw. skråkkla to wrinkle (see Sh]
- saviour n.
- One who saves, preserves, or delivers from destruction or danger. [OE. saveour, OF. salveor, F. sauveur, fr. L. salvator to save. See Save, v.]
- bountiful a.
- Free in giving; liberal in bestowing gifts and favors.
- plight v. t.
- To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait. [OE. pliten; probably through Old French, fr. LL. plectare, L. plectere. See Plait, Ply.]
- alack interj.
- An exclamation expressive of sorrow. [Prob. from ah! lack! OE. lak loss, failure, misfortune. See Lack.]
- gaily adv.
- Merrily; showily. See gaily. [From Gay.]
- righteousness n.
- The quality or state of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness; rectitude. [AS. rihtwisnes.]
- outstart v. i.
- To start out or up.
- horribly adv.
- In a manner to excite horror; dreadfully; terribly.
- amain adv.
- With might; with full force; vigorously; violently; exceedingly. [Pref. a- + main. See 2d Main, n.]
- cursed a.
- Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
- rife a.
- Prevailing; prevalent; abounding. [AS. rif abundant, or Icel. rifr munificent; akin to OD. riff, rijve, abundant.]
- choking a.
- That chokes; producing the feeling of strangulation.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Heretic's Tragedy is in the public domain. This text is taken from Dramatic Romances, Project Gutenberg ebook #4253; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Robert Browning, The Heretic's Tragedy, in Dramatic Lyrics (1842), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #4253, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/browning-dramatic-lyrics/the-heretic-s-tragedy.html, id L03553.
Form and metre
The Heretic's Tragedy is 89 lines in 12 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is ABABCDCD, complete in 7 of its 12 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 76%). 88% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.2 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 7% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 3 A-A--B-B allA · once · paulA · nonce · is · dueB · wis · tooB
- 4 ABABCDCD--D godA · sinB · aldabrodA · saladinB · thereC · hiveD · squareC · aliveD · to · singeth · aliveD
- 5 ABABCDCD builtA · stuckB · tiltA · muckB · storeC · smallD · moreC · allD
- 6 ABABCDCD forthwithA · slowB · pithA · glowB · chafeC · scorchD · safeC · torchD
- 7 ABABCDCD braggedA · squareB · gaggedA · thereB · roundC · splicedD · boundC · christD
- 8 A-A-BCBC soldA · drunk · goldA · reverentia · lambB · meC · amB · meC
- 9 ABABCDCD wordA · proclaimsB · birdA · namesB · knowsC · breathD · roseC · saithD
- 10 ABABCDCD johnA · tongueB · onA · dungB · righteousnessC · comeD · lessC · thumbD
- 11 ABABCDCD roseA · heartB · uncloseA · outstartB · boilsC · smellD · toilsC · hellD
- 12 ABABCDCD amainA · lifeB · againA · rifeB · placeC · barkD · faceC · darkD
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Virgilius. AND HATH OFTEN BEEN SUNG | 9 | ·····/˘·· |
| ERAM, Jessides. | 4 | ···· |
| (It would seem to be a glimpse from the burning | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| of Jacques du Bourg-Molay, at Paris, A.D. 1314, | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| as distorted by the refraction from Flemish brain to brain, | 15 | ·˘/˘··˘/˘·/˘··· |
| during the course of a couple of centuries.) | 11 | /˘····/˘·/˘ |
| The Lord, we look to once for all, | 8 | ········ |
| Is the Lord we should look at, all at once: | 10 | ·········· |
| He knows not to vary, saith Saint Paul, | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| Nor the shadow of turning, for the nonce. | 10 | ··/··/˘··· |
| See him no other than as he is! | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| Give both the infinitudes their due-- | 9 | ········· |
| Infinite mercy, but, I wis, | 8 | /˘˘/˘··· |
| As infinite a justice too. | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| John, Master of the Temple of God, | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·· |
| Falling to sin the Unknown Sin, | 8 | /˘···˘/· |
| What he bought of Emperor Aldabrod, | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| He sold it to Sultan Saladin: | 9 | ····/˘/˘˘ |
| Till, caught by Pope Clement, a-buzzing there, | 10 | ····/˘·/˘· |
| Hornet-prince of the mad wasps' hive, | 8 | /˘······ |
| And clipt of his wings in Paris square, | 9 | ······/˘· |
| They bring him now to be burned alive. | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| clavicithern, ye shall say to | 8 | ········ |
| confirm him who singeth-- | 6 | ˘/··/˘ |
| We bring John now to be burned alive. | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| In the midst is a goodly gallows built; | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| 'Twixt fork and fork, a stake is stuck; | 8 | ········ |
| But first they set divers tumbrils a-tilt, | 9 | ····/···· |
| Make a trench all round with the city muck; | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Inside they pile log upon log, good store; | 10 | ˘/········ |
| Faggots no few, blocks great and small, | 8 | /˘······ |
| Reach a man's mid-thigh, no less, no more,-- | 9 | ········· |
| For they mean he should roast in the sight of all. | 11 | ··········· |
| Good sappy bavins that kindle forthwith; | 10 | ·/˘···/˘// |
| Billets that blaze substantial and slow; | 9 | /˘··˘/˘·· |
| Pine-stump split deftly, dry as pith; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Larch-heart that chars to a chalk-white glow: | 9 | ········· |
| They up they hoist me John in a chafe, | 9 | ········· |
| Sling him fast like a hog to scorch, | 8 | ········ |
| Spit in his face, then leap back safe, | 8 | ········ |
| Sing "Laudes" and bid clap-to the torch. | 8 | ········ |
| John of the Temple, whose fame so bragged, | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| Is burning alive in Paris square! | 9 | ·/˘˘/·/˘· |
| How can he curse, if his mouth is gagged? | 9 | ········· |
| Or wriggle his neck, with a collar there? | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Or heave his chest, which a band goes round? | 9 | ········· |
| Or threat with his fist, since his arms are spliced? | 10 | ·········· |
| Or kick with his feet, now his legs are bound? | 10 | ·········· |
| --Thinks John, I will call upon Jesus Christ. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Jesus Christ--John had bought and sold, | 8 | /˘······ |
| Jesus Christ--John had eaten and drunk; | 9 | /˘···/˘·· |
| To him, the Flesh meant silver and gold. | 9 | ·····/˘·· |
| (Salva reverentia.) | 6 | /˘···· |
| Now it was, "Saviour, bountiful lamb, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| "I have roasted thee Turks, though men roast me! | 10 | ··/˘······ |
| "See thy servant, the plight wherein I am! | 10 | ··/˘······ |
| "Art thou a saviour? Save thou me!" | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Who maketh God's menace an idle word? | 10 | ····/˘·/˘· |
| --Saith, it no more means what it proclaims, | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| Than a damsel's threat to her wanton bird? | 10 | ··/˘···/˘· |
| For she too prattles of ugly names. | 9 | ···/˘·/˘· |
| --Saith, he knoweth but one thing--what he knows? | 10 | ··/˘······ |
| That God is good and the rest is breath; | 9 | ········· |
| Why else is the same styled Sharon's rose? | 9 | ······/˘· |
| Once a rose, ever a rose, he saith. | 8 | ···/···· |
| Alack, there be roses and roses, John! | 10 | ˘/··/˘·/˘· |
| Some, honied of taste like your leman's tongue: | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Some, bitter; for why? (roast gaily on!) | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| Their tree struck root in devil's-dung. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| When Paul once reasoned of righteousness | 9 | ···/˘·/˘˘ |
| And of temperance and of judgment to come, | 10 | ··/˘··/˘·· |
| Good Felix trembled, he could no less: | 9 | ·/˘/˘···· |
| John, snickering, crook'd his wicked thumb. | 9 | ·/˘/˘·/˘· |
| Ha ha, John plucketh now at his rose | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| To rid himself of a sorrow at heart! | 10 | ··˘/··/˘·· |
| Lo,--petal on petal, fierce rays unclose; | 10 | ·/˘·/˘··˘/ |
| Anther on anther, sharp spikes outstart; | 9 | /˘·/˘··˘/ |
| And with blood for dew, the bosom boils; | 9 | ······/˘· |
| And a gust of sulphur is all its smell; | 10 | ····/˘···· |
| And lo, he is horribly in the toils | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| Of a coal-black giant flower of hell! | 9 | ····/˘/·· |
| So, as John called now, through the fire amain, | 10 | ·······/˘/ |
| On the Name, he had cursed with, all his life-- | 10 | ·········· |
| To the Person, he bought and sold again-- | 10 | ··/˘····˘/ |
| For the Face, with his daily buffets rife-- | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Feature by feature It took its place: | 9 | /˘·/˘···· |
| And his voice, like a mad dog's choking bark, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| At the steady whole of the Judge's face-- | 10 | ··/˘···/˘· |
| Died. Forth John's soul flared into the dark. | 9 | ········· |
On this poem
"The Heretic's Tragedy" is an Interlude imagined in the manner of the Middle Ages, and typically representing this period of human development in its quaint piety and prejudice, its childish delight in cruelty, and its cumulative legend-making during the course of two centuries as reflected through the Flemish nature. It is supposed to be sung by an abbot, a choir-singer, and a chorus, in celebration of the burning of Jacques du Bourg-Molay, last Grand Master of the wealthy and powerful secular order of Knights Templar, which came into rivalry with the Church after the Crusades and was finally suppressed by Philip IV of France and Pope Clement V, Molay's burning at Paris in 1314 being a final scene in their discomfiture and the Church's triumph. Bought of... Aldabrod, etc.: Clement's arraignment of Jacques or John being that the riches won piously by the order during the Crusades, he had not scrupled to sell again to Saladin, the Sultan, who is portrayed by Scott in "The Talisman.''
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