The Pure Norwegian Flag

Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson (1832–1910), translated by Arthur Hubbell Palmer · 1915

iambic tetrameter · 136 lines · from Poems and Songs

Tri-colored flag, and pure,Thou art our hard-fought cause secure;Thor's hammer-mark of mightThou bearest blue in Christian white,And all our hearts' red bloodTo thee streams its full flood.

Thou liftest us high when life's sternest,Exultant, thou oceanward turnest;Thy colors of freedom are earnestThat spirit and body shall never know dearth.--Fare forth o'er the earth!

"The pure flag is but pure folly,"You "wise" men maintain for true.But the flag is the truth poetic,The folly is found in you.In poetry upward soaring,The nation's immortal soulWith hands invisible carriesThe flag toward the future goal.That soul's every toil and trial,That soul's every triumph sublime,Are sounding in songs immortal,--To their music the flag beats time.We bear it along surroundedBy mem'ry's melodious choir,By mild and whispering voices,By will and stormy desire.It gives not to others guidance,Can not a Swedish word say;It never can flaunt allurement:--Clear the foreign colors away!

The sins and deceits of our nationPossess in the flag no right;The flag is the high idealIn honor's immortal light.The best of our past achievements,The best of our present prayers,It takes in its folds from the fathersAnd bears to the sons and heirs;Bears it all pure and artless,By tokens that tempt us unmarred,Is for our will's young manhoodLeader as well as guard.

They say: "As by rings of betrothalWe are by the flag affied!"But Norway is not betrothèd,She is no one's promised bride.She shares her abode with no one,Her bed and her board to none yields,Her will is her worthy bridegroom,Herself rules her sea, her fields.Our brother to eastward honorsThis independence of youth.He knows well that by it onlyOur wreath can be won in truth.When we from the flag are takingHis colors, he knows 't is no whim,But merely because we are holdingOur honor higher than him.And none who himself has honorWill seek him a different friend;Our life we can for him offer,But naught of our flag can lend.

Respectful I seek a hearing,With trust in your temper sane,And plead now our cause before youIn words that are calm and plain:

If, Sweden, you were the smaller,Were young your freedom's renown,Had your flag a mark of unionThat pressed you still farther downBy saying that you, as little,Were set at the greater's board(For this is the mark's real meaning,By no one on earth ignored),Yes, if it were you,--and your freedomNot hallowed by age, but young,And a century's want and weaknessStill heavy in memory hung,The soul of your nation harrowedBy old injustice and need,By luckless labor and longing,--And did you its meaning heed;Yes, if it were you, whose dutyTo teach your people were tried,To honor their new-born freedom,To find in their flag their guide:Would longer you suffer it sundered,Leave foreign a single field?Would you not claim it unplundered,Your independence to shield?Would not to yourself you say then:"If one has high lineage long,If greater his colors' glory,The more alluring his song.Oh, tempt not him who from troubleIs rising with new found might;With pure marks direct him, rather,To honor's exalted height."

Thus you would speak, elder hero,If you in our home abode;Your wont is the way of honor,You fare on the forward road.From eighteen hundred and fourteen,And down to the latest day,So oft for our independenceWe stood like the stag at bay,Brave men have risen among you,And scorning the strife that swelledHave talked for our cause high-minded,Like Torgny to them of eld.

ANSWER TO THE AGED RIDDERSTAD

You say, it is "knightly duty,"The fight for the flag to share,--I hold you full high in honor,But--that is our own affair!For just because we encounterThe storm-blasts of slander stark,It's "knightly duty" to free nowThe flag from the marring mark.The "parity" that mark preachesFlies false over all the seas;A pan-Scandinavian SwedenCan never our nation please.From "knightly duty" the smallerMust say: I am not a part;The mark of my freedom and honorIs whole for my mind and heart.From "knightly duty" the greaterMust say: A falsehood's fair signCan give me no special honor,No longer shall it be mine.For both it is "knightly duty,"With flags that are pure, to beA warring world's bright exampleOf peoples at peace, proud and free.

Words in this poem

exultant a.
Inclined to exult; characterized by, or expressing, exultation; rejoicing triumphantly. [L. exsultans, exsultantis, p. pr. of exsultare. See Exult.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
dearth n.
Scarcity which renders dear; want; lack; specifically, lack of food on account of failure of crops; famine. [OE. derthe, fr. dere. See Dear.]
flaunt n.
Anything displayed for show.
betrothal n.
The act of betrothing, or the fact of being betrothed; a mutual promise, engagement, or contract for a future marriage between the persons betrothed; betrothment; affiance.
abode n.
Act of waiting; delay. [OE. abad, abood, fr. abiden to abide. See Abide. For the change of vowel, cf. abode, imp. of abide.]
bridegroom n.
A man newly married, or just about to be married. [OE. bridegome, brudgume, AS. br (akin to OS. br, D. bruidegom, bruigom, OHG. pr, MHG. briutegome, G. bräutigam); AS. br bride + guma man, akin to Goth. guma, Ic]
sane a.
Being in a healthy condition; not deranged; acting rationally; -- said of the mind. [L. sanus; cf. Gr. Sound, a.]
luckless a.
Being without luck; unpropitious; unfortunate; unlucky; meeting with ill success or bad fortune; as, a luckless gamester; a luckless maid.
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
knightly a.
Of or pertaining to a knight; becoming a knight; chivalrous; as, a knightly combat; a knightly spirit. [AS. cnihtlic boyish.]
stark adv.
Wholly; entirely; absolutely; quite; as, stark mind.
parity n.
The quality or condition of being equal or equivalent; A like state or degree; equality; close correspondence; analogy; as, parity of reasoning. [L. paritas, fr. par, paris, equal: cf. F. parité. See Pair, Peer an equal.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Pure Norwegian Flag is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems and Songs, Project Gutenberg ebook #6619, the Arthur Hubbell Palmer translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, The Pure Norwegian Flag, in Poems and Songs (1915), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #6619, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/bjornson-poems-and-songs/the-pure-norwegian-flag.html, id L29338.

Form and metre

The Pure Norwegian Flag is 136 lines in 10 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 79%).

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCC pureA · secureA · mightB · whiteB · bloodC · floodC
  2. 2 -AABB sternest · turnestA · earnestA · dearthB · earthB
  3. 3 -A-A-B-BBCBC-D-D-E-E folly · trueA · poetic · youA · soaring · soulB · carries · goalB · trialB · sublimeC · immortalB · timeC · surrounded · choirD · voices · desireD · guidance · sayE · allurement · awayE
  4. 4 -A-A-B-B-C-C nation · rightA · ideal · lightA · achievements · prayersB · fathers · heirsB · artless · unmarredC · manhood · guardC
  5. 5 -A-A-B-B-C-C-D-D-E-E betrothal · affiedA · betrothèd · brideA · one · yieldsB · bridegroom · fieldsB · honors · youthC · only · truthC · taking · whimD · holding · himD · honor · friendE · offer · lendE
  6. 6 -A-A hearing · saneA · you · plainA
  7. 7 -AAA-BCB-C-CDDCD-E-EEF-F-G-G-H-H smaller · renownA · unionA · downA · little · boardB · meaningC · ignoredB · freedom · youngC · weakness · hungC · harrowedD · needD · longingC · heedD · duty · triedE · freedom · guideE · sunderedE · fieldF · unplundered · shieldF · then · longG · glory · songG · trouble · mightH · rather · heightH
  8. 8 -A-A-B-B-C-C hero · abodeA · honor · roadA · fourteen · dayB · independence · bayB · you · swelledC · minded · eldC
  9. 10 ABCB-D-DEE-E-FCF-GCGAH-H dutyA · shareB · honorC · affairB · encounter · starkD · now · markD · preachesE · seasE · sweden · pleaseE · smaller · partF · honorC · heartF · greater · signG · honorC · mineG · dutyA · beH · example · freeH
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Tri-colored flag, and pure,7·/˘˘···
Thou art our hard-fought cause secure;8··/···˘/
Thor's hammer-mark of might6·/˘···
Thou bearest blue in Christian white,8·/˘··/˘·
And all our hearts' red blood7··/˘···
To thee streams its full flood.6······
Thou liftest us high when life's sternest,9·/˘····/˘
Exultant, thou oceanward turnest;9˘/˘····/˘
Thy colors of freedom are earnest9·/˘·/˘·/˘
That spirit and body shall never know dearth.--9·/·/˘·/··
Fare forth o'er the earth!5·····
"The pure flag is but pure folly,"8······/˘
You "wise" men maintain for true.7···˘/··
But the flag is the truth poetic,9······˘/˘
The folly is found in you.7·/˘····
In poetry upward soaring,8·/˘˘/˘/˘
The nation's immortal soul7·/˘˘/˘·
With hands invisible carries8··˘/˘˘/˘
The flag toward the future goal.8·····/˘·
That soul's every toil and trial,9··/˘˘··/˘
That soul's every triumph sublime,8··/˘/˘˘/
Are sounding in songs immortal,--8·/˘··˘/˘
To their music the flag beats time.8··/˘····
We bear it along surrounded8···˘/˘/˘
By mem'ry's melodious choir,9···˘/˘˘/˘
By mild and whispering voices,8···/˘˘/˘
By will and stormy desire.8···/˘˘/˘
It gives not to others guidance,8····/˘/˘
Can not a Swedish word say;7···/˘··
It never can flaunt allurement:--8·/˘··˘/˘
Clear the foreign colors away!8··/˘/˘˘/
The sins and deceits of our nation9···˘/·//˘
Possess in the flag no right;7˘/·····
The flag is the high ideal7·····˘/
In honor's immortal light.7·/˘˘/˘·
The best of our past achievements,9···/˘·˘/˘
The best of our present prayers,8···/˘/˘·
It takes in its folds from the fathers9·······/˘
And bears to the sons and heirs;7·······
Bears it all pure and artless,7·····/˘
By tokens that tempt us unmarred,8·/˘·····
Is for our will's young manhood8··/˘··/·
Leader as well as guard.6/˘····
They say: "As by rings of betrothal9······˘/˘
We are by the flag affied!"6······
But Norway is not betrothèd,7·/·····
She is no one's promised bride.8····/˘˘·
She shares her abode with no one,8···˘/···
Her bed and her board to none yields,8········
Her will is her worthy bridegroom,8····/˘/·
Herself rules her sea, her fields.7˘/·····
Our brother to eastward honors9/˘/˘·/˘/˘
This independence of youth.7··˘/˘··
He knows well that by it only8······/˘
Our wreath can be won in truth.8/˘······
When we from the flag are taking8······/˘
His colors, he knows 't is no whim,9·/˘······
But merely because we are holding9·/˘····/˘
Our honor higher than him.8/˘/˘/˘··
And none who himself has honor8···˘/·/˘
Will seek him a different friend;8····/˘˘·
Our life we can for him offer,9/˘·····/˘
But naught of our flag can lend.8···/˘···
Respectful I seek a hearing,8˘/˘···/˘
With trust in your temper sane,7····/˘·
And plead now our cause before you8···/····
In words that are calm and plain:7·······
If, Sweden, you were the smaller,8·/˘···/˘
Were young your freedom's renown,7···/˘˘/
Had your flag a mark of union8······/˘
That pressed you still farther down8··˘··/˘·
By saying that you, as little,8·/˘···/˘
Were set at the greater's board7····/˘·
(For this is the mark's real meaning,8······/˘
By no one on earth ignored),8·····˘/˘
Yes, if it were you,--and your freedom9·······/˘
Not hallowed by age, but young,8·/˘˘····
And a century's want and weakness9··/˘˘··/˘
Still heavy in memory hung,8·/˘·/˘˘·
The soul of your nation harrowed8····/˘/˘
By old injustice and need,7··˘/˘··
By luckless labor and longing,8·/˘/˘·/˘
--And did you its meaning heed;7····/˘·
Yes, if it were you, whose duty8······/˘
To teach your people were tried,7···/˘··
To honor their new-born freedom,8·/˘···/˘
To find in their flag their guide:7·······
Would longer you suffer it sundered,9·/˘·/˘·/˘
Leave foreign a single field?7·/˘·/˘·
Would you not claim it unplundered,8········
Your independence to shield?7··˘/˘··
Would not to yourself you say then:8···˘/···
"If one has high lineage long,8····/˘˘·
If greater his colors' glory,8·/˘·/˘/˘
The more alluring his song.7··˘/˘··
Oh, tempt not him who from trouble8······/˘
Is rising with new found might;7·/˘····
With pure marks direct him, rather,8···˘/·/˘
To honor's exalted height."7·/˘˘/˘·
Thus you would speak, elder hero,8····/˘/˘
If you in our home abode;8···/˘·˘/
Your wont is the way of honor,8······/˘
You fare on the forward road.7····/˘·
From eighteen hundred and fourteen,8·///˘··/
And down to the latest day,7····/˘·
So oft for our independence9···/˘·˘/˘
We stood like the stag at bay,7·······
Brave men have risen among you,8···/˘···
And scorning the strife that swelled8·/˘····˘
Have talked for our cause high-minded,9···/˘··/˘
Like Torgny to them of eld.7·······
ANSWER TO THE AGED RIDDERSTAD8/˘······
You say, it is "knightly duty,"8····/˘/˘
The fight for the flag to share,--7·······
I hold you full high in honor,8······/˘
But--that is our own affair!8···/˘·˘/
For just because we encounter8·····˘/˘
The storm-blasts of slander stark,7····/˘·
It's "knightly duty" to free now8·/˘/˘···
The flag from the marring mark.7····/˘·
The "parity" that mark preaches8·/˘˘··/˘
Flies false over all the seas;7·······
A pan-Scandinavian Sweden9···˘/˘˘/˘
Can never our nation please.8·/˘/˘/˘·
From "knightly duty" the smaller8·/˘/˘·/˘
Must say: I am not a part;7·······
The mark of my freedom and honor9····/˘·/˘
Is whole for my mind and heart.7·······
From "knightly duty" the greater8·/˘/˘·/˘
Must say: A falsehood's fair sign7···/···
Can give me no special honor,8····/˘/˘
No longer shall it be mine.7·/˘····
For both it is "knightly duty,"8····/˘/˘
With flags that are pure, to be7·······
A warring world's bright example8·/˘··˘/˘
Of peoples at peace, proud and free.8·/˘·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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