A Romance of the Ganges

Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806–1861) · 1844

iambic tetrameter · 213 lines · from Lady Geraldine's Courtship, and Other Poems

Seven maidens 'neath the midnightStand near the river-seaWhose water sweepeth white aroundThe shadow of the tree;The moon and earth are face to face,And earth is slumbering deep;The wave-voice seems the voice of dreamsThat wander through her sleep:The river floweth on.

What bring they 'neath the midnight,Beside the river-sea?They bring the human heart whereinNo nightly calm can be,--That droppeth never with the wind,Nor drieth with the dew:Oh, calm in God! thy calm is broadTo cover spirits too.The river floweth on.

The maidens lean them overThe waters, side by side,And shun each other's deepening eyes,And gaze adown the tide;For each within a little boatA little lamp hath put,And heaped for freight some lily's weightOr scarlet rose half shut.The river floweth on.

Of shell of cocoa carvenEach little boat is made;Each carries a lamp, and carries a flower,And carries a hope unsaid;And when the boat hath carried the lampUnquenched till out of sight,The maiden is sure that love will endure;But love will fail with light.The river floweth on.

Why, all the stars are readyTo symbolize the soul,The stars untroubled by the wind,Unwearied as they roll;And yet the soul by instinct sadReverts to symbols low--To that small flame, whose very nameBreathed o'er it, shakes it so!The river floweth on.

Six boats are on the river,Seven maidens on the shore,While still above them steadfastlyThe stars shine evermore.Go, little boats, go soft and safe,And guard the symbol spark!The boats aright go safe and brightAcross the waters dark.The river floweth on.

The maiden Luti watchethWhere onwardly they float:That look in her dilating eyesMight seem to drive her boat:Her eyes still mark the constant fire,And kindling unawaresThat hopeful while, she lets a smileCreep silent through her prayers.The river floweth on.

The smile--where hath it wandered?She riseth from her knee,She holds her dark, wet locks away--There is no light to see!She cries a quick and bitter cry--"Nuleeni, launch me thine!We must have light abroad to-night,For all the wreck of mine."The river floweth on.

"I do remember watchingBeside this river-bedWhen on my childish knee was leanedMy dying father's head;I turned mine own to keep the tearsFrom falling on his face:What doth it prove when Death and LoveChoose out the self-same place?"The river floweth on.

"They say the dead are joyfulThe death-change here receiving:Who say--ah me! who dare to sayWhere joy comes to the living?Thy boat, Nuleeni! look not sad--Light up the waters rather!I weep no faithless lover whereI wept a loving father."The river floweth on.

"My heart foretold his falsehoodEre my little boat grew dim;And though I closed mine eyes to dreamThat one last dream of him,They shall not now be wet to seeThe shining vision go:From earth's cold love I look aboveTo the holy house of snow."The river floweth on.

"Come thou--thou never knewestA grief, that thou shouldst fear one!Thou wearest still the happy lookThat shines beneath a dear one:Thy humming-bird is in the sun,Thy cuckoo in the grove,And all the three broad worlds, for theeAre full of wandering love."The river floweth on.

"Why, maiden, dost thou loiter?What secret wouldst thou cover?That peepul cannot hide thy boat,And I can guess thy lover;I heard thee sob his name in sleep,It was a name I knew:Come, little maid, be not afraid,But let us prove him true!"The river floweth on.

The little maiden cometh,She cometh shy and slow;I ween she seeth through her lidsThey drop adown so low:Her tresses meet her small bare feet,She stands and speaketh nought,Yet blusheth red as if she saidThe name she only thought.The river floweth on.

She knelt beside the water,She lighted up the flame,And o'er her youthful forehead's calmThe fitful radiance came:--"Go, little boat, go soft and safe,And guard the symbol spark!"Soft, safe doth float the little boatAcross the waters dark.The river floweth on.

Glad tears her eyes have blinded,The light they cannot reach;She turneth with that sudden smileShe learnt before her speech--"I do not hear his voice, the tearsHave dimmed my light away,But the symbol light will last to-night,The love will last for aye!"The river floweth on.

Then Luti spake behind her,Outspake she bitterly--"By the symbol light that lasts to-night,Wilt vow a vow to me?"Nuleeni gazeth up her face,Soft answer maketh she--"By loves that last when lights are past,I vow that vow to thee!"The river floweth on.

An earthly look had LutiThough her voice was deep as prayer--"The rice is gathered from the plainsTo cast upon thine hair:But when he comes his marriage-bandAround thy neck to throw,Thy bride-smile raise to meet his gaze,And whisper,--There is one betrays,While Luti suffers woe."The river floweth on.

"And when in seasons after,Thy little bright-faced sonShall lean against thy knee and askWhat deeds his sire hath done,--Press deeper down thy mother-smileHis glossy curls among,View deep his pretty childish eyes,And whisper,--There is none denies,While Luti speaks of wrong."The river floweth on.

Nuleeni looked in wonder,Yet softly answered she--"By loves that last when lights are past,I vowed that vow to thee:But why glads it thee that a bride-day beBy a word of woe defiled?That a word of wrong take the cradle-songFrom the ear of a sinless child?""Why?" Luti said, and her laugh was dread,And her eyes dilated wild--"That the fair new love may her bridegroom prove,And the father shame the child!"The river floweth on.

"Thou flowest still, O river,Thou flowest 'neath the moon;Thy lily hath not changed a leaf,Thy charmed lute a tune:He mixed his voice with thine and hisWas all I heard around;But now, beside his chosen bride,I hear the river's sound."The river floweth on.

"I gaze upon her beautyThrough the tresses that enwreathe it;The light above thy wave, is hers--My rest, alone beneath it:Oh, give me back the dying lookMy father gave thy water!Give back--and let a little loveO'erwatch his weary daughter!"The river floweth on.

"Give back!" she hath departed--The word is wandering with her;And the stricken maidens hear afarThe step and cry together.Frail symbols? None are frail enowFor mortal joys to borrow!--While bright doth float Nuleeni's boat,She weepeth dark with sorrow.The river floweth on.

Words in this poem 20
nightly a.
Of or pertaining to the night, or to every night; happening or done by night, or every night; as, nightly shades; he kept nightly vigils.
adown adv.
From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down, to or on the ground. [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of dune off the hill. See Down.]
carven a.
Wrought by carving; ornamented by carvings; carved.
symbolize v. i.
To have a resemblance of qualities or properties; to correspond; to harmonize. [Cf. F. symboliser.]
unwearied a.
Not wearied; not fatigued or tired; hence, persistent; not tiring or wearying; indefatigable.
steadfastly adv.
In a steadfast manner; firmly.
evermore adv.
During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.
aright adv.
Rightly; correctly; in a right way or form; without mistake or crime; as, to worship God aright. [Pref. a- + right.]
hopeful a.
Full of hope, or agreeable expectation; inclined to hope; expectant.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
ween v. i.
To think; to imagine; to fancy. [OE. wenen, AS. w, fr. w hope, expectation, opinion; akin to D. waan, OFries. w, OS. & OHG. wan, G. wahn delusion, Icel. van hope, expectation, Goth. w, and D. w]
fitful a.
Full of fits; irregularly variable; impulsive and unstable. [From 7th Fit.]
bitterly adv.
In a bitter manner.
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
sinless a.
Free from sin. Piers Plowman.
bridegroom n.
A man newly married, or just about to be married. [OE. bridegome, brudgume, AS. br (akin to OS. br, D. bruidegom, bruigom, OHG. pr, MHG. briutegome, G. bräutigam); AS. br bride + guma man, akin to Goth. guma, Ic]
stricken p. p.
Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
afar adv.
At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
enow
A form of Enough.
borrow v. t.
To receive from another as a loan, with the implied or expressed intention of returning the identical article or its equivalent in kind; -- the opposite of lend. [OE. borwen, AS. borgian, fr. borg, borh, pledge; akin to D. borg, G. borg; prob. fr. root of AS. beorgan to protect. Borough.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

A Romance of the Ganges is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #33363; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Elizabeth Barrett Browning, A Romance of the Ganges, in Lady Geraldine's Courtship, and Other Poems (1844), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #33363, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/barrett-browning-poems-2/a-romance-of-the-ganges.html, id L24816.

Form and metre

A Romance of the Ganges is 213 lines in 23 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%).

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A-A-B-B- midnight · seaA · around · treeA · face · deepB · dreams · sleepB · on
  2. 2 -A-A-B-B- midnight · seaA · wherein · beA · wind · dewB · broad · tooB · on
  3. 3 -A-A----- over · sideA · eyes · tideA · boat · put · weight · shut · on
  4. 4 -----A-A- carven · made · flower · unsaid · lamp · sightA · endure · lightA · on
  5. 5 -A-A-B-B- ready · soulA · wind · rollA · sad · lowB · name · soB · on
  6. 6 -A-A-B-B- river · shoreA · steadfastly · evermoreA · safe · sparkB · bright · darkB · on
  7. 7 -A-A-B-B- watcheth · floatA · eyes · boatA · fire · unawaresB · smile · prayersB · on
  8. 8 -A-AAB-B- wandered · kneeA · away · seeA · cryA · thineB · night · mineB · on
  9. 9 -A-A-B-B- watching · bedA · leaned · headA · tears · faceB · love · placeB · on
  10. 11 -A-A-B-B- falsehood · dimA · dream · himA · see · goB · above · snowB · on
  11. 12 -A-AA---- knewest · oneA · look · oneA · sunA · grove · thee · love · on
  12. 13 -A-A-B-B- loiter · coverA · boat · loverA · sleep · knewB · afraid · trueB · on
  13. 14 -A-A-B-B- cometh · slowA · lids · lowA · feet · noughtB · said · thoughtB · on
  14. 15 -A-A-B-B- water · flameA · calm · cameA · safe · sparkB · boat · darkB · on
  15. 16 -A-A----- blinded · reachA · smile · speechA · tears · away · night · aye · on
  16. 17 ---A-A-A- her · bitterly · night · meA · face · sheA · past · theeA · on
  17. 18 -A-A-BCCB- luti · prayerA · plains · hairA · band · throwB · gazeC · betraysC · woeB · on
  18. 19 -A-A--BB-- after · sonA · ask · doneA · smile · among · eyesB · deniesB · wrong · on
  19. 20 -A-AAB-B-B-B- wonder · sheA · past · theeA · beA · defiledB · song · childB · dread · wildB · prove · childB · on
  20. 21 -A-A-B-B- river · moonA · leaf · tuneA · his · aroundB · bride · soundB · on
  21. 22 -A-A-B-B- beauty · itA · hers · itA · look · waterB · love · daughterB · on
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Seven maidens 'neath the midnight7//˘··/·
Stand near the river-sea6···/˘·
Whose water sweepeth white around8·/˘/˘···
The shadow of the tree;6·/····
The moon and earth are face to face,8········
And earth is slumbering deep;6···/˘·
The wave-voice seems the voice of dreams8········
That wander through her sleep:6·/˘···
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
What bring they 'neath the midnight,7·····/·
Beside the river-sea?6˘/·/˘·
They bring the human heart wherein8···/˘···
No nightly calm can be,--6·/˘···
That droppeth never with the wind,7·/˘/···
Nor drieth with the dew:5·····
Oh, calm in God! thy calm is broad8········
To cover spirits too.6·/˘/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
The maidens lean them over6·/˘···
The waters, side by side,6·/˘···
And shun each other's deepening eyes,8···/˘/˘·
And gaze adown the tide;6··˘/··
For each within a little boat8·····/˘·
A little lamp hath put,6·/˘···
And heaped for freight some lily's weight8·····/··
Or scarlet rose half shut.6·/˘···
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
Of shell of cocoa carven7···/˘/˘
Each little boat is made;6·/˘···
Each carries a lamp, and carries a flower,10·/˘···/˘·/
And carries a hope unsaid;7·/˘··˘/
And when the boat hath carried the lamp9·····/˘··
Unquenched till out of sight,6······
The maiden is sure that love will endure;10·/˘·····˘/
But love will fail with light.6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
Why, all the stars are ready7·····/˘
To symbolize the soul,6·/˘···
The stars untroubled by the wind,8··˘/˘···
Unwearied as they roll;6˘/˘···
And yet the soul by instinct sad8·····/˘·
Reverts to symbols low--6˘/·/˘·
To that small flame, whose very name8·····/˘·
Breathed o'er it, shakes it so!6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
Six boats are on the river,7·····/˘
Seven maidens on the shore,6//˘···
While still above them steadfastly8·····/·˘
The stars shine evermore.6···/˘·
Go, little boats, go soft and safe,8·/˘·····
And guard the symbol spark!6···/˘·
The boats aright go safe and bright8··˘/····
Across the waters dark.6˘/·/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
The maiden Luti watcheth7·/˘··/˘
Where onwardly they float:6······
That look in her dilating eyes8····˘/˘·
Might seem to drive her boat:6······
Her eyes still mark the constant fire,8·····/˘/
And kindling unawares6·/˘·˘/
That hopeful while, she lets a smile8·/˘·····
Creep silent through her prayers.6·/˘···
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
The smile--where hath it wandered?7·····/˘
She riseth from her knee,6······
She holds her dark, wet locks away--8······˘/
There is no light to see!6······
She cries a quick and bitter cry--8·····/˘·
"Nuleeni, launch me thine!6······
We must have light abroad to-night,8····˘/··
For all the wreck of mine."6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"I do remember watching7··˘/˘/˘
Beside this river-bed6˘/·/˘·
When on my childish knee was leaned8···/˘···
My dying father's head;6·/˘/˘·
I turned mine own to keep the tears8········
From falling on his face:6·/˘···
What doth it prove when Death and Love8········
Choose out the self-same place?"6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"They say the dead are joyful7·····/˘
The death-change here receiving:7····˘/˘
Who say--ah me! who dare to say8········
Where joy comes to the living?7·····/˘
Thy boat, Nuleeni! look not sad--8········
Light up the waters rather!7···/˘/˘
I weep no faithless lover where8···/˘/˘·
I wept a loving father."7···/˘/˘
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"My heart foretold his falsehood7··˘/·/·
Ere my little boat grew dim;7··/˘···
And though I closed mine eyes to dream8········
That one last dream of him,6······
They shall not now be wet to see8········
The shining vision go:6·/˘/˘·
From earth's cold love I look above8········
To the holy house of snow."7··/˘···
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"Come thou--thou never knewest7···/˘/˘
A grief, that thou shouldst fear one!7·······
Thou wearest still the happy look8·/˘··/˘·
That shines beneath a dear one:7·······
Thy humming-bird is in the sun,8·/˘·····
Thy cuckoo in the grove,6·/····
And all the three broad worlds, for thee8········
Are full of wandering love."6···/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"Why, maiden, dost thou loiter?7·/˘··/˘
What secret wouldst thou cover?7·/˘··/˘
That peepul cannot hide thy boat,8···/˘···
And I can guess thy lover;7·····/˘
I heard thee sob his name in sleep,8········
It was a name I knew:6······
Come, little maid, be not afraid,8·/˘···˘/
But let us prove him true!"6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
The little maiden cometh,7·/˘/˘/˘
She cometh shy and slow;6·/˘···
I ween she seeth through her lids7·······
They drop adown so low:6··˘/··
Her tresses meet her small bare feet,8·/˘·····
She stands and speaketh nought,6···/˘·
Yet blusheth red as if she said8·/˘·····
The name she only thought.6···/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
She knelt beside the water,7··˘/·/˘
She lighted up the flame,6·/˘···
And o'er her youthful forehead's calm8···/˘/··
The fitful radiance came:--6·/˘/˘·
"Go, little boat, go soft and safe,8·/˘·····
And guard the symbol spark!"6···/˘·
Soft, safe doth float the little boat8·····/˘·
Across the waters dark.6˘/·/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
Glad tears her eyes have blinded,7·····/˘
The light they cannot reach;6···/˘·
She turneth with that sudden smile8·/˘··/˘·
She learnt before her speech--6······
"I do not hear his voice, the tears8········
Have dimmed my light away,6····˘/
But the symbol light will last to-night,9··/˘·····
The love will last for aye!"6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
Then Luti spake behind her,7·······
Outspake she bitterly--6···/˘˘
"By the symbol light that lasts to-night,9··/˘·····
Wilt vow a vow to me?"6······
Nuleeni gazeth up her face,8········
Soft answer maketh she--6·/˘···
"By loves that last when lights are past,8········
I vow that vow to thee!"6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
An earthly look had Luti7·/˘····
Though her voice was deep as prayer--7·······
"The rice is gathered from the plains8···/˘···
To cast upon thine hair:6······
But when he comes his marriage-band8·····/˘·
Around thy neck to throw,6······
Thy bride-smile raise to meet his gaze,8········
And whisper,--There is one betrays,8·/˘···˘/
While Luti suffers woe."6···/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"And when in seasons after,7···/˘··
Thy little bright-faced son6·/˘···
Shall lean against thy knee and ask8········
What deeds his sire hath done,--6···/··
Press deeper down thy mother-smile8·/˘··/˘·
His glossy curls among,6·/˘···
View deep his pretty childish eyes,8···/˘/˘·
And whisper,--There is none denies,8·/˘···˘/
While Luti speaks of wrong."6······
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
Nuleeni looked in wonder,7·····/˘
Yet softly answered she--6·/˘/˘·
"By loves that last when lights are past,8········
I vowed that vow to thee:6······
But why glads it thee that a bride-day be10··········
By a word of woe defiled?7·······
That a word of wrong take the cradle-song10·······/˘·
From the ear of a sinless child?"8·····/˘·
"Why?" Luti said, and her laugh was dread,9·········
And her eyes dilated wild--7···˘/˘·
"That the fair new love may her bridegroom prove,10·······/··
And the father shame the child!"7··/˘···
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"Thou flowest still, O river,7·/˘··/˘
Thou flowest 'neath the moon;6·/˘···
Thy lily hath not changed a leaf,8·/˘·····
Thy charmed lute a tune:5·····
He mixed his voice with thine and his8········
Was all I heard around;6······
But now, beside his chosen bride,8··˘/·/˘·
I hear the river's sound."6···/˘·
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"I gaze upon her beauty7·····/˘
Through the tresses that enwreathe it;8··/˘·˘/·
The light above thy wave, is hers--8········
My rest, alone beneath it:7··˘/···
Oh, give me back the dying look8·····/˘·
My father gave thy water!7·/˘··/˘
Give back--and let a little love8·····/˘·
O'erwatch his weary daughter!"7···/˘/˘
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·
"Give back!" she hath departed--7····˘/˘
The word is wandering with her;7···/˘··
And the stricken maidens hear afar9··/˘/˘·˘/
The step and cry together.7····˘/˘
Frail symbols? None are frail enow8·/˘···˘/
For mortal joys to borrow!--7·/˘··/·
While bright doth float Nuleeni's boat,8········
She weepeth dark with sorrow.7·/˘··/˘
The river floweth on.6·/˘/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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