G. Wither

William Wordsworth (1770–1850) · 1798–1807

iambic tetrameter · AAABCCCB · 111 lines · from The Poetical Works, Volume II

In youth from rock to rock I went,From hill to hill in discontentOf pleasure high and turbulent,Most pleased when most uneasy;But now my own delights I make,--My thirst at every rill can slake,And gladly Nature's love partake,Of Thee, sweet Daisy!

Thee Winter in the garland wearsThat thinly decks his few grey hairs;Spring parts the clouds with softest airs,That she may sun thee;Whole Summer-fields are thine by right;And Autumn, melancholy Wight!Doth in thy crimson head delightWhen rains are on thee.

In shoals and bands, a morrice train,Thou greet'st the traveller in the lane;Pleased at his greeting thee again;Yet nothing daunted,Nor grieved if thou be set at nought:And oft alone in nooks remoteWe meet thee, like a pleasant thought,When such are wanted.

Be violets in their secret mewsThe flowers the wanton Zephyrs choose;Proud be the rose, with rains and dewsHer head impearling,Thou liv'st with less ambitious aim,Yet hast not gone without thy fame;Thou art indeed by many a claimThe Poet's darling.

If to a rock from rains he fly,Or, some bright day of April sky,Imprisoned by hot sunshine lieNear the green holly,And wearily at length should fare;He needs but look about, and thereThou art!--a friend at hand, to scareHis melancholy.

A hundred times, by rock or bower,Ere thus I have lain couched an hour,Have I derived from thy sweet powerSome apprehension;Some steady love; some brief delight;Some memory that had taken flight;Some chime of fancy wrong or right;Or stray invention.

If stately passions in me burn,And one chance look to Thee should turn,I drink out of an humbler urnA lowlier pleasure;The homely sympathy that heedsThe common life, our nature breeds;A wisdom fitted to the needsOf hearts at leisure.

Fresh-smitten by the morning ray,When thou art up, alert and gay,Then, cheerful Flower! my spirits playWith kindred gladness:And when, at dusk, by dews opprestThou sink'st, the image of thy restHath often eased my pensive breastOf careful sadness.

And all day long I number yet,All seasons through, another debt,Which I, wherever thou art met,To thee am owing;An instinct call it, a blind sense;A happy, genial influence,Coming one knows not how, nor whence,Nor whither going.

Child of the Year! that round dost runThy pleasant course,--when day's begunAs ready to salute the sunAs lark or leveret,Thy long-lost praise thou shalt regain;Nor be less dear to future menThan in old time;--thou not in vainArt Nature's favourite.

For illustration of the last stanza, see Chaucer's Prologue to 'TheLegend of Good Women'.

'As I seyde erst, whanne comen is the May,That in my bed ther daweth me no day,That I nam uppe and walkyng in the mede,To seen this floure agein the sonne sprede,Whan it up rysith erly by the morwe;That blisful sight softneth al my sorwe,So glad am I, whan that I have presenceOf it, to doon it alle reverence,As she that is of alle floures flour.'To seen this flour so yong, so fresshe of hewe,Constreynde me with so gredy desire,That in myn herte I feele yet the fire,That made me to ryse er yt wer day,And this was now the firste morwe of May,With dredful hert, and glad devociounFor to ben at the resurreccionOf this flour, whan that yt shulde uncloseAgayne the sonne, that roos as rede as roseAnd doune on knes anoon ryght I me sette,And as I koude, this fresshe flour I grette,Knelying alwey, til it unclosed was,Upon the smale, softe, swote gras.

Again, in The 'Cuckoo and the Nightingale', after a wakeful night, thePoet rises at dawn, and wandering forth, reaches a "laund of white andgreen."

'So feire oon had I nevere in bene,The grounde was grene, y poudred with daysé,The floures and the gras ilike al hie,Al grene and white, was nothing elles sene.'

Words in this poem 29
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
rill n.
A very small brook; a streamlet. [Cf. LG. rille a small channel or brook, a furrow, a chamfer, OE. rigol a small brook, F. rigole a trench or furrow for water, W. rhill a row, rhigol a little di]
gladly adv.
Preferably; by choice. [From Glad, a.]
wight n.
A whit; a bit; a jot. [OE. wight, wiht, a wight, a whit, AS. wiht, wuht, a creature, a thing; skin to D. wicht a child, OS. & OHG. wiht a creature, thing, G. wicht a creature, Icel. v]
morrice a.
Dancing the morrice; dancing.
mews n.
An alley where there are stables; a narrow passage; a confined place. [Eng.] [Prop. pl. of mew. See Mew a cage.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
wearily adv.
In a weary manner.
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
scare v. t.
To frighten; to strike with sudden fear; to alarm. [OE. skerren, skeren, Icel. skirra to bar, prevent, skirrask to shun , shrink from; or fr. OE. skerre, adj., scared, Icel. skjarr; both perhaps akin to E. sheer ]
chime n.
The harmonious sound of bells, or of musical instruments. [OE. chimbe, prop., cymbal, OF. cymbe, cymble, in a dialectic form, chymble, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. Cymbal.]
humbler n.
One who, or that which, humbles some one.
homely a.
Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home; domestic; familiar; intimate. [From Home, n.]
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.
wherever adv.
At or in whatever place; wheresoever.
genial a.
Contributing to, or concerned in, propagation or production; generative; procreative; productive. [L. genialis: cf. OF. genial. See Genius.]
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
leveret n.
A hare in the first year of its age. [F. levraut, dim. of lièvre hare, L. lepus. Cf. Leporine.]
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.
uppe adv.
Aloft; on high; in a direction contrary to that of gravity; toward or in a higher place or position; above; -- the opposite of Ant: down. [AS. up, upp, ; akin to OFries. up, op, D. op, OS. , OHG. , G. auf, Icel. upp, Dan. op, Goth. iup, and probably to E. over. See Over.]
sonne n.
A male child; the male issue, or offspring, of a parent, father or mother. [OE. sone, sune, AS. sunu; akin to D. zoon, OS., OFries., & OHG. sunu, G. sohn, Icel. sonr, Sw. son, Dan. sön, Goth. sunus, Lith. sunus, Russ. suin', Skr. sunu (]
alle conj.
Although; if. See All, conj.
hewe n.
A domestic servant; a retainer. [Cf. Hind a peasant.]
rede v. t.
To advise or counsel. [See Read, v. t.]
unclosed a.
Not separated by inclosures; open. Clarendon. [Pref. un- not + closed.]
wakeful a.
Not sleeping; indisposed to sleep; watchful; vigilant.
laund n.
A plain sprinkled with trees or underbrush; a glade. [See Lawn of grass.]
bene n.
A prayer; boon. [AS. b.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

G. Wither is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 2 (of 8), Project Gutenberg ebook #12145; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Wordsworth, G. Wither, in The Poetical Works, Volume II (1798–1807), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12145, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wordsworth-vol2/g-wither.html, id L17373.

Form and metre

G. Wither is 111 lines in 14 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is AAABCCCB, complete in 7 of its 14 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.0 syllables. 29 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 28% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AAA-BBB- wentA · discontentA · turbulentA · uneasy · makeB · slakeB · partakeB · daisy
  2. 2 AAABCCCB wearsA · hairsA · airsA · theeB · rightC · wightC · delightC · theeB
  3. 3 AAABC-CB trainA · laneA · againA · dauntedB · noughtC · remote · thoughtC · wantedB
  4. 4 AAABCCCB mewsA · chooseA · dewsA · impearlingB · aimC · fameC · claimC · darlingB
  5. 5 AAABCCCB flyA · skyA · lieA · hollyB · fareC · thereC · scareC · melancholyB
  6. 6 AAABCCCB bowerA · hourA · powerA · apprehensionB · delightC · flightC · rightC · inventionB
  7. 7 AAABCCCB burnA · turnA · urnA · pleasureB · heedsC · breedsC · needsC · leisureB
  8. 8 AAABCCCB rayA · gayA · playA · gladnessB · opprestC · restC · breastC · sadnessB
  9. 9 AAABCCCB yetA · debtA · metA · owingB · senseC · influenceC · whenceC · goingB
  10. 10 AAA-B-B- runA · begunA · sunA · leveret · regainB · men · vainB · favourite
  11. 12 AABBCC----DDAA--EEFF-- mayA · dayA · medeB · spredeB · morweC · sorweC · presence · reverence · flour · hewe · desireD · fireD · dayA · mayA · devocioun · resurreccion · uncloseE · roseE · setteF · gretteF · was · gras
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
In youth from rock to rock I went,8········
From hill to hill in discontent8·····˘˘/
Of pleasure high and turbulent,8·/˘··/˘˘
Most pleased when most uneasy;8··˘··˘/˘
But now my own delights I make,--8····˘/··
My thirst at every rill can slake,8···/˘···
And gladly Nature's love partake,8·/˘/˘·˘/
Of Thee, sweet Daisy!5···/˘
Thee Winter in the garland wears8·/˘··/˘·
That thinly decks his few grey hairs;8·/˘·····
Spring parts the clouds with softest airs,8·····/˘·
That she may sun thee;5·····
Whole Summer-fields are thine by right;8·/˘·····
And Autumn, melancholy Wight!8·/˘/˘·˘·
Doth in thy crimson head delight8···/˘·˘/
When rains are on thee.5·····
In shoals and bands, a morrice train,8·····/˘·
Thou greet'st the traveller in the lane;8···/˘···
Pleased at his greeting thee again;8···/˘·˘/
Yet nothing daunted,5·/˘/˘
Nor grieved if thou be set at nought:8········
And oft alone in nooks remote8··˘/··˘/
We meet thee, like a pleasant thought,8·····/˘·
When such are wanted.5···/˘
Be violets in their secret mews8·/˘··/˘·
The flowers the wanton Zephyrs choose;8·/·/˘/˘·
Proud be the rose, with rains and dews8········
Her head impearling,5·····
Thou liv'st with less ambitious aim,8····˘/˘·
Yet hast not gone without thy fame;8········
Thou art indeed by many a claim8··˘/·/··
The Poet's darling.5·/˘/˘
If to a rock from rains he fly,8········
Or, some bright day of April sky,8·····/˘·
Imprisoned by hot sunshine lie8˘/˘··/··
Near the green holly,5···/˘
And wearily at length should fare;8·/˘˘····
He needs but look about, and there8········
Thou art!--a friend at hand, to scare8········
His melancholy.5·/˘·˘
A hundred times, by rock or bower,9·/˘····/˘
Ere thus I have lain couched an hour,9·······/˘
Have I derived from thy sweet power9··˘/···/˘
Some apprehension;5··˘/˘
Some steady love; some brief delight;8·/˘···˘/
Some memory that had taken flight;8·/˘··/˘·
Some chime of fancy wrong or right;8···/˘···
Or stray invention.5··˘/˘
If stately passions in me burn,8·/˘/˘···
And one chance look to Thee should turn,8········
I drink out of an humbler urn8·····/˘·
A lowlier pleasure;5···/˘
The homely sympathy that heeds8·/˘/˘˘··
The common life, our nature breeds;8·/˘·//˘·
A wisdom fitted to the needs8·/˘/˘···
Of hearts at leisure.5···/˘
Fresh-smitten by the morning ray,8·/˘··/˘·
When thou art up, alert and gay,8····˘/··
Then, cheerful Flower! my spirits play8·/˘/·/˘·
With kindred gladness:5·/˘/˘
And when, at dusk, by dews opprest9······/˘˘
Thou sink'st, the image of thy rest8···/˘···
Hath often eased my pensive breast8·/˘··/˘·
Of careful sadness.5·/˘/˘
And all day long I number yet,8·····/˘·
All seasons through, another debt,8·/˘·˘/˘·
Which I, wherever thou art met,8··˘/˘···
To thee am owing;5···/˘
An instinct call it, a blind sense;8·/˘·····
A happy, genial influence,8·/˘/˘/˘˘
Coming one knows not how, nor whence,8/˘······
Nor whither going.5·/˘/˘
Child of the Year! that round dost run8········
Thy pleasant course,--when day's begun8·/˘···˘/
As ready to salute the sun8·/˘·˘/··
As lark or leveret,6···/˘˘
Thy long-lost praise thou shalt regain;8······˘/
Nor be less dear to future men8·····/˘·
Than in old time;--thou not in vain8········
Art Nature's favourite.6·/˘···
For illustration of the last stanza, see Chaucer's Prologue to 'The17··˘/˘···/˘·/˘/˘··
Legend of Good Women'.6/˘··/˘
'As I seyde erst, whanne comen is the May,10··········
That in my bed ther daweth me no day,10··········
That I nam uppe and walkyng in the mede,10··········
To seen this floure agein the sonne sprede,9·········
Whan it up rysith erly by the morwe;11·····/˘··/˘
That blisful sight softneth al my sorwe,10········/˘
So glad am I, whan that I have presence10········/˘
Of it, to doon it alle reverence,9······/˘˘
As she that is of alle floures flour.'9······//˘
To seen this flour so yong, so fresshe of hewe,10···/······
Constreynde me with so gredy desire,9·······˘/
That in myn herte I feele yet the fire,11···/˘·····/
That made me to ryse er yt wer day,9·········
And this was now the firste morwe of May,10······/˘··
With dredful hert, and glad devocioun9·········
For to ben at the resurreccion9·········
Of this flour, whan that yt shulde unclose9··/····˘/
Agayne the sonne, that roos as rede as rose10··········
And doune on knes anoon ryght I me sette,10··········
And as I koude, this fresshe flour I grette,9······/··
Knelying alwey, til it unclosed was,9······˘/·
Upon the smale, softe, swote gras.7·······
Again, in The 'Cuckoo and the Nightingale', after a wakeful night, the17˘/··/···/˘···/˘··
Poet rises at dawn, and wandering forth, reaches a "laund of white and17/˘/˘···/˘·/˘·····
green."1·
'So feire oon had I nevere in bene,10········/˘
The grounde was grene, y poudred with daysé,8········
The floures and the gras ilike al hie,9·/·······
Al grene and white, was nothing elles sene.'9·····/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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