From Perugia

John Greenleaf Whittier (1807–1892) · 1865

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 78 lines · from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform

The tall, sallow guardsmen their horsetails have spread,Flaming out in their violet, yellow, and red;And behind go the lackeys in crimson and buff,And the chamberlains gorgeous in velvet and ruff;Next, in red-legged pomp, come the cardinals forth,Each a lord of the church and a prince of the earth.

What's this squeak of the fife, and this batter of drumLo! the Swiss of the Church from Perugia come;The militant angels, whose sabres drive homeTo the hearts of the malcontents, cursed and abhorred,The good Father's missives, and "Thus saith the Lord!"And lend to his logic the point of the sword!

O maids of Etruria, gazing forlornO'er dark Thrasymenus, dishevelled and torn!O fathers, who pluck at your gray beards for shame!O mothers, struck dumb by a woe without name!Well ye know how the Holy Church hireling behaves,And his tender compassion of prisons and graves!

There they stand, the hired stabbers, the blood-stains yet fresh,That splashed like red wine from the vintage of flesh;Grim instruments, careless as pincers and rackHow the joints tear apart, and the strained sinews crack;But the hate that glares on them is sharp as their swords,And the sneer and the scowl print the air with fierce words!

Off with hats, down with knees, shout your vivas like mad!Here's the Pope in his holiday righteousness clad,From shorn crown to toe-nail, kiss-worn to the quick,Of sainthood in purple the pattern and pick,Who the role of the priest and the soldier unites,And, praying like Aaron, like Joshua fights!

Is this Pio Nono the gracious, for whomWe sang our hosannas and lighted all Rome;With whose advent we dreamed the new era beganWhen the priest should be human, the monk be a man?Ah, the wolf's with the sheep, and the fox with the fowl,When freedom we trust to the crosier and cowl!

Stand aside, men of Rome! Here's a hangman-faced Swiss--(A blessing for him surely can't go amiss)--Would kneel down the sanctified slipper to kiss.Short shrift will suffice him,--he's blest beyond doubt;But there 's blood on his hands which would scarcely wash out,Though Peter himself held the baptismal spout!

Make way for the next! Here's another sweet sonWhat's this mastiff-jawed rascal in epaulets done?He did, whispers rumor, (its truth God forbid!)At Perugia what Herod at Bethlehem did.And the mothers? Don't name them! these humors of warThey who keep him in service must pardon him for.

Hist! here's the arch-knave in a cardinal's hat,With the heart of a wolf, and the stealth of a cat(As if Judas and Herod together were rolled),Who keeps, all as one, the Pope's conscience and gold,Mounts guard on the altar, and pilfers from thence,And flatters St. Peter while stealing his pence!

Who doubts Antonelli? Have miracles ceasedWhen robbers say mass, and Barabbas is priest?When the Church eats and drinks, at its mystical board,The true flesh and blood carved and shed by its sword,When its martyr, unsinged, claps the crown on his head,And roasts, as his proxy, his neighbor instead!

There! the bells jow and jangle the same blessed wayThat they did when they rang for Bartholomew's day.Hark! the tallow-faced monsters, nor women nor boys,Vex the air with a shrill, sexless horror of noise.Te Deum laudamus! All round without stintThe incense-pot swings with a taint of blood in 't!

And now for the blessing! Of little account,You know, is the old one they heard on the Mount.Its giver was landless, His raiment was poor,No jewelled tiara His fishermen wore;No incense, no lackeys, no riches, no home,No Swiss guards! We order things better at Rome.

So bless us the strong hand, and curse us the weak;Let Austria's vulture have food for her beak;Let the wolf-whelp of Naples play Bomba again,With his death-cap of silence, and halter, and chain;Put reason, and justice, and truth under ban;For the sin unforgiven is freedom for man!

Words in this poem 24
gorgeous a.
Imposing through splendid or various colors; showy; fine; magnificent. [OF. gorgias beautiful, glorious, vain, luxurious; cf. OF. gorgias ruff, neck handkerchief, and F. gorge throat, and se pengorger to assume airs. Cf. Gorge, n.]
squeak v. i.
To utter a sharp, shrill cry, usually of short duration; to cry with an acute tone, as an animal; or, to make a sharp, disagreeable noise, as a pipe or quill, a wagon wheel, a door; to creak. [Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw. sqväka to croak, Icel. skvakka to give a sound as of water shaken in a bottle.]
militant a.
Engaged in warfare; fighting; combating; serving as a soldier. [L. militans, -antis, p. pr. of militare to be soldier: cf. F. militant. See Militate.]
cursed a.
Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
saith
3d pers. sing. pres. of Say.
forlorn a.
Deserted abandoned; lost. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlor]
hireling n.
One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp., one whose motive and interest in serving another are wholly gainful; a mercenary. [AS. h. See Hire, n., and -ling.]
scowl v. i.
To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or displeasure; to put on a frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe, or angry. [Akin to Dan. skule; cf. Icel. skolla to skulk, LG. schulen to hide one's self, D. schuilen, G. schielen to squint, Dan. skele, Sw. skela, AS. sceolh squinting. ]
righteousness n.
The quality or state of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness; rectitude. [AS. rihtwisnes.]
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
sainthood n.
The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint. Walpole.
crosier n.
The pastoral staff of a bishop (also of an archbishop, being the symbol of his office as a shepherd of the flock of God. [OE. rocer, croser, croyser, fr. croce crosier, OF. croce, croche, F. crosse, fr. LL. crocea, crocia, from the same German or Celtic sourse as F. croc hook; akin]
kneel v. i.
To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the knees; -- sometimes with down. [OE. knelen, cneolien; akin to D. knielen, Dan. knæle. See Knee.]
sanctified a.
Made holy; also, made to have the air of sanctity; sanctimonious.
shrift n.
The act of shriving. [OE. shrift, schrift, AS. scrift, fr. scrifan to shrive. See Shrive.]
suffice v. i.
To be enough, or sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end proposed; to be adequate. [OE. suffisen, OF. soufire, F. suffire (cf. suffisant, p.pr.), L. sufficere to put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; sub under + facere to make. Se]
bethlehem n.
A hospital for lunatics; -- corrupted into bedlam. [Heb. b house of food; b house + lekhem food, lakham to eat. Formerly the name of a hospital for the insane, in London, which had been the priory of St. Mary of ]
knave n.
A boy; especially, a boy servant. Wyclif. [OE., boy, servant, knave, AS. cnafa boy, youth; cf. AS. cnapa boy, youth, D. kna, G. knabe boy, knappe esquire, Icel. knapi, Sw. knape esquire, knäfvel knave.]
stealth n.
The act of stealing; theft. [OE. staple. See Steal, v. t.]
conscience n.
Knowledge of one's own thoughts or actions; consciousness. [F. conscience, fr. L. conscientia, fr. consciens, p.pr. of conscire to know, to be conscious; con- + scire to know. See Science.]
claps v. t.
Variant of Clasp
jangle v. i.
To sound harshly or discordantly, as bells out of tune. [OE. janglen to quarrel, OF. jangler to rail, quarrel; of Dutch or German origin; cf. D. jangelen, janken, to whimper, chide, brawl, quarrel.]
giver n.
One who gives; a donor; a bestower; a grantor; one who imparts or distributes.
landless a.
Having no property in land.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

From Perugia is in the public domain. This text is taken from Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform, Complete Volume III of The Works of John Greenleaf Whittier, Project Gutenberg ebook #9580; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: John Greenleaf Whittier, From Perugia, in Anti-Slavery Poems and Songs of Labor and Reform (1865), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9580, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whittier-anti-slavery/from-perugia.html, id L24965.

Form and metre

From Perugia is 78 lines in 13 stanzas of 6 lines each. It is in rhyming couplets, 82% of the lines. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABB-- spreadA · redA · buffB · ruffB · forth · earth
  2. 2 AAABBB drumA · comeA · homeA · abhorredB · lordB · swordB
  3. 3 AABBCC forlornA · tornA · shameB · nameB · behavesC · gravesC
  4. 4 AABB-- freshA · fleshA · rackB · crackB · swords · words
  5. 5 AABBCC madA · cladA · quickB · pickB · unitesC · fightsC
  6. 6 --AABB whom · rome · beganA · manA · fowlB · cowlB
  7. 7 AAABBB swissA · amissA · kissA · doubtB · outB · spoutB
  8. 8 AABBCC sonA · doneA · forbidB · didB · warC · forC
  9. 9 AABBCC hatA · catA · rolledB · goldB · thenceC · penceC
  10. 10 AABBCC ceasedA · priestA · boardB · swordB · headC · insteadC
  11. 11 AABB-- wayA · dayA · boysB · noiseB · stint · t
  12. 12 AA--BB accountA · mountA · poor · wore · homeB · romeB
  13. 13 AABBCC weakA · beakA · againB · chainB · banC · manC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The tall, sallow guardsmen their horsetails have spread,11··/˘/˘·/···
Flaming out in their violet, yellow, and red;11/˘···/˘/˘··
And behind go the lackeys in crimson and buff,12·····/˘·/˘··
And the chamberlains gorgeous in velvet and ruff;11··/˘/˘·/˘··
Next, in red-legged pomp, come the cardinals forth,11···/˘···/˘·
Each a lord of the church and a prince of the earth.12············
What's this squeak of the fife, and this batter of drum12········/˘··
Lo! the Swiss of the Church from Perugia come;11·······˘/˘·
The militant angels, whose sabres drive home11·/˘˘/˘·/˘··
To the hearts of the malcontents, cursed and abhorred,12······˘/··˘/
The good Father's missives, and "Thus saith the Lord!"11··/˘/˘·····
And lend to his logic the point of the sword!11····/˘·····
O maids of Etruria, gazing forlorn10······/˘˘/
O'er dark Thrasymenus, dishevelled and torn!11······˘/˘··
O fathers, who pluck at your gray beards for shame!11·/˘········
O mothers, struck dumb by a woe without name!11·/˘········
Well ye know how the Holy Church hireling behaves,12·····/˘·/˘˘/
And his tender compassion of prisons and graves!12··/˘˘/˘·/˘··
There they stand, the hired stabbers, the blood-stains yet fresh,12····/·······
That splashed like red wine from the vintage of flesh;11·······/˘··
Grim instruments, careless as pincers and rack11·/˘˘/˘·/˘··
How the joints tear apart, and the strained sinews crack;12····˘/······
But the hate that glares on them is sharp as their swords,12············
And the sneer and the scowl print the air with fierce words!12············
Off with hats, down with knees, shout your vivas like mad!12········/˘··
Here's the Pope in his holiday righteousness clad,11·····/˘·/˘·
From shorn crown to toe-nail, kiss-worn to the quick,11···········
Of sainthood in purple the pattern and pick,11·/··/˘·/˘··
Who the role of the priest and the soldier unites,12········/˘˘/
And, praying like Aaron, like Joshua fights!11·/˘·/˘·/˘˘·
Is this Pio Nono the gracious, for whom11··/˘···/˘··
We sang our hosannas and lighted all Rome;11··/····/˘··
With whose advent we dreamed the new era began12··/·····/˘˘/
When the priest should be human, the monk be a man?12·····/˘·····
Ah, the wolf's with the sheep, and the fox with the fowl,12············
When freedom we trust to the crosier and cowl!11·/˘····/˘··
Stand aside, men of Rome! Here's a hangman-faced Swiss--12·˘/·····/˘··
(A blessing for him surely can't go amiss)--11·/˘··/˘··˘/
Would kneel down the sanctified slipper to kiss.11····/˘˘/˘··
Short shrift will suffice him,--he's blest beyond doubt;11···˘/······
But there 's blood on his hands which would scarcely wash out,13·········/˘··
Though Peter himself held the baptismal spout!11·/˘˘/··˘/˘·
Make way for the next! Here's another sweet son11······˘/˘··
What's this mastiff-jawed rascal in epaulets done?12··/˘·/˘·····
He did, whispers rumor, (its truth God forbid!)11··/˘/˘···˘/
At Perugia what Herod at Bethlehem did.12·˘/˘·/˘·/˘··
And the mothers? Don't name them! these humors of war12··/˘····/˘··
They who keep him in service must pardon him for.12·····/˘·/˘··
Hist! here's the arch-knave in a cardinal's hat,11·······/˘˘·
With the heart of a wolf, and the stealth of a cat12············
(As if Judas and Herod together were rolled),12··/˘·/˘˘/˘··
Who keeps, all as one, the Pope's conscience and gold,11·······/˘··
Mounts guard on the altar, and pilfers from thence,11····/˘·/˘··
And flatters St. Peter while stealing his pence!11·/˘·/˘·/˘··
Who doubts Antonelli? Have miracles ceased11··˘˘/˘·/˘˘·
When robbers say mass, and Barabbas is priest?11·/˘········
When the Church eats and drinks, at its mystical board,11········/˘·
The true flesh and blood carved and shed by its sword,11···········
When its martyr, unsinged, claps the crown on his head,12··/˘········
And roasts, as his proxy, his neighbor instead!11····/˘·/˘˘/
There! the bells jow and jangle the same blessed way11·····/˘····
That they did when they rang for Bartholomew's day.12·······˘/˘··
Hark! the tallow-faced monsters, nor women nor boys,12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
Vex the air with a shrill, sexless horror of noise.12······/˘/˘··
Te Deum laudamus! All round without stint10··········
The incense-pot swings with a taint of blood in 't!12·˘/·········
And now for the blessing! Of little account,11····/˘·/˘˘/
You know, is the old one they heard on the Mount.11···········
Its giver was landless, His raiment was poor,11·/˘·/˘·/˘··
No jewelled tiara His fishermen wore;11·/˘˘/˘·/˘˘·
No incense, no lackeys, no riches, no home,11·˘/·/˘·/˘··
No Swiss guards! We order things better at Rome.11····/˘·/˘··
So bless us the strong hand, and curse us the weak;11···········
Let Austria's vulture have food for her beak;11·/˘˘/˘·····
Let the wolf-whelp of Naples play Bomba again,12·····/˘·/˘˘/
With his death-cap of silence, and halter, and chain;12·····/˘·/˘··
Put reason, and justice, and truth under ban;11·/˘·/˘·····
For the sin unforgiven is freedom for man!12····˘/˘·/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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