Book XVI: A Song of the Rolling Earth

Walt Whitman (1819–1892) · 1855–1892

Free verse · 157 lines · from Leaves of Grass

A song of the rolling earth, and of words according,Were you thinking that those were the words, those upright lines?those curves, angles, dots?No, those are not the words, the substantial words are in the groundand sea,They are in the air, they are in you.

Were you thinking that those were the words, those delicious soundsout of your friends’ mouths?No, the real words are more delicious than they.

Human bodies are words, myriads of words,(In the best poems re-appears the body, man’s or woman’s,well-shaped, natural, gay,Every part able, active, receptive, without shame or the need of shame.)

Air, soil, water, fire--those are words,I myself am a word with them--my qualities interpenetrate withtheirs--my name is nothing to them,Though it were told in the three thousand languages, what wouldair, soil, water, fire, know of my name?

A healthy presence, a friendly or commanding gesture, are words,sayings, meanings,The charms that go with the mere looks of some men and women,are sayings and meanings also.

The workmanship of souls is by those inaudible words of the earth,The masters know the earth’s words and use them more than audible words.

Amelioration is one of the earth’s words,The earth neither lags nor hastens,It has all attributes, growths, effects, latent in itself from the jump,It is not half beautiful only, defects and excrescences show just asmuch as perfections show.

The earth does not withhold, it is generous enough,The truths of the earth continually wait, they are not so conceal’d either,They are calm, subtle, untransmissible by print,They are imbued through all things conveying themselves willingly,Conveying a sentiment and invitation, I utter and utter,I speak not, yet if you hear me not of what avail am I to you?To bear, to better, lacking these of what avail am I?

(Accouche! accouchez!Will you rot your own fruit in yourself there?Will you squat and stifle there?)

The earth does not argue,Is not pathetic, has no arrangements,Does not scream, haste, persuade, threaten, promise,Makes no discriminations, has no conceivable failures,Closes nothing, refuses nothing, shuts none out,Of all the powers, objects, states, it notifies, shuts none out.

The earth does not exhibit itself nor refuse to exhibit itself,possesses still underneath,Underneath the ostensible sounds, the august chorus of heroes, thewail of slaves,Persuasions of lovers, curses, gasps of the dying, laughter of youngpeople, accents of bargainers,Underneath these possessing words that never fall.

To her children the words of the eloquent dumb great mother never fail,The true words do not fail, for motion does not fail and reflectiondoes not fall,Also the day and night do not fall, and the voyage we pursue does not fall.

Of the interminable sisters,Of the ceaseless cotillons of sisters,Of the centripetal and centrifugal sisters, the elder and younger sisters,The beautiful sister we know dances on with the rest.

With her ample back towards every beholder,With the fascinations of youth and the equal fascinations of age,Sits she whom I too love like the rest, sits undisturb’d,Holding up in her hand what has the character of a mirror, while hereyes glance back from it,Glance as she sits, inviting none, denying none,Holding a mirror day and night tirelessly before her own face.

Seen at hand or seen at a distance,Duly the twenty-four appear in public every day,Duly approach and pass with their companions or a companion,Looking from no countenances of their own, but from the countenancesof those who are with them,From the countenances of children or women or the manly countenance,From the open countenances of animals or from inanimate things,From the landscape or waters or from the exquisite apparition of the sky,From our countenances, mine and yours, faithfully returning them,Every day in public appearing without fall, but never twice with thesame companions.

Tumbling on steadily, nothing dreading,Sunshine, storm, cold, heat, forever withstanding, passing, carrying,The soul’s realization and determination still inheriting,The fluid vacuum around and ahead still entering and dividing,No balk retarding, no anchor anchoring, on no rock striking,Swift, glad, content, unbereav’d, nothing losing,Of all able and ready at any time to give strict account,The divine ship sails the divine sea.

Whoever you are! motion and reflection are especially for you,The divine ship sails the divine sea for you.

Whoever you are! you are he or she for whom the earth is solid and liquid,You are he or she for whom the sun and moon hang in the sky,For none more than you are the present and the past,For none more than you is immortality.

Each man to himself and each woman to herself, is the word of thepast and present, and the true word of immortality;No one can acquire for another--not one,Not one can grow for another--not one.

The song is to the singer, and comes back most to him,The teaching is to the teacher, and comes back most to him,The murder is to the murderer, and comes back most to him,The theft is to the thief, and comes back most to him,The love is to the lover, and comes back most to him,The gift is to the giver, and comes back most to him--it cannot fail,The oration is to the orator, the acting is to the actor and actressnot to the audience,And no man understands any greatness or goodness but his own, orthe indication of his own.

I swear the earth shall surely be complete to him or her who shallbe complete,The earth remains jagged and broken only to him or her who remainsjagged and broken.

I swear there is no greatness or power that does not emulate thoseof the earth,There can be no theory of any account unless it corroborate thetheory of the earth,No politics, song, religion, behavior, or what not, is of account,unless it compare with the amplitude of the earth,Unless it face the exactness, vitality, impartiality, rectitude ofthe earth.

I swear I begin to see love with sweeter spasms than that whichresponds love,It is that which contains itself, which never invites and never refuses.

I swear I begin to see little or nothing in audible words,All merges toward the presentation of the unspoken meanings of the earth,Toward him who sings the songs of the body and of the truths of the earth,Toward him who makes the dictionaries of words that print cannot touch.

I swear I see what is better than to tell the best,It is always to leave the best untold.

When I undertake to tell the best I find I cannot,My tongue is ineffectual on its pivots,My breath will not be obedient to its organs,I become a dumb man.

The best of the earth cannot be told anyhow, all or any is best,It is not what you anticipated, it is cheaper, easier, nearer,Things are not dismiss’d from the places they held before,The earth is just as positive and direct as it was before,Facts, religions, improvements, politics, trades, are as real as before,But the soul is also real, it too is positive and direct,No reasoning, no proof has establish’d it,Undeniable growth has establish’d it.

These to echo the tones of souls and the phrases of souls,(If they did not echo the phrases of souls what were they then?If they had not reference to you in especial what were they then?)

I swear I will never henceforth have to do with the faith that tellsthe best,I will have to do only with that faith that leaves the best untold.

Say on, sayers! sing on, singers!Delve! mould! pile the words of the earth!Work on, age after age, nothing is to be lost,It may have to wait long, but it will certainly come in use,When the materials are all prepared and ready, the architects shall appear.

I swear to you the architects shall appear without fall,I swear to you they will understand you and justify you,The greatest among them shall be he who best knows you, and enclosesall and is faithful to all,He and the rest shall not forget you, they shall perceive that youare not an iota less than they,You shall be fully glorified in them.

Words in this poem 25
interpenetrate v. t.
To penetrate between or within; to penetrate mutually.
inaudible a.
Not audible; incapable of being heard; silent. [L. inaudibilis; pref. in- not + audire to hear: cf. F. unaudible. See In- not, and Audible.]
amelioration n.
The act of ameliorating, or the state of being ameliorated; making or becoming better; improvement; melioration. [Cf. F. amélioration.]
generous a.
Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [F. généreux, fr. L. generous of noble birth, noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It. generoso. See 2d Gender.]
willingly adv.
In a willing manner; with free will; without reluctance; cheerfully.
pathetic a.
Expressing or showing anger; passionate. [L. patheticus, Gr. pathétique. See Pathos.]
ostensible a.
Capable of being shown; proper or intended to be shown. [From L. ostensus, p. p. of ostendere to show, prop., to stretch out before; fr. prefix obs- (old form of ob-) + tendere to stretch. See Tend.]
ceaseless a.
Without pause or end; incessant.
centripetal a.
Tending, or causing, to approach the center. [L. centrum center + peter to more toward.]
beholder n.
One who beholds; a spectator.
inviting a.
Alluring; tempting; as, an inviting amusement or prospect.
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
realization n.
The act of realizing, or the state of being realized. [Cf. F. réalisation.]
ahead adv.
In or to the front; in advance; onward. [Pref. a- + head.]
whoever pron.
Whatever person; any person who; be or she who; any one who; as, he shall be punished, whoever he may be.
giver n.
One who gives; a donor; a bestower; a grantor; one who imparts or distributes.
actress n.
A female actor or doer. Cockeram. [Cf. F. actrice.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
corroborate v. t.
To make strong, or to give additional strength to; to strengthen. [L. corroboratus, p. p. of corroborare to corroborate; cor- + roborare to strengthen, robur strength. See Robust.]
amplitude n.
State of being ample; extent of surface or space; largeness of dimensions; size. [L. amplitudo, fr. amplus: cf. F. amplitude. See Ample.]
untold a.
Not told; not related; not revealed; as, untold secrets.
anyhow adv.
In any way or manner whatever; at any rate; in any event.
undeniable a.
Not deniable; incapable of denial; palpably true; indisputable; obvious; as, undeniable evidence.
henceforth adv.
From this time forward; henceforward.
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Book XVI: A Song of the Rolling Earth is in the public domain. This text is taken from Leaves of Grass, Project Gutenberg ebook #1322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Walt Whitman, Book XVI: A Song of the Rolling Earth, in Leaves of Grass (1855–1892), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whitman-leaves/book-xvi-a-song-of-the-rolling-earth.html, id L03904.

Form and metre

Book XVI: A Song of the Rolling Earth is 157 lines in 31 stanzas. 78% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 13.0 syllables. 43 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 15% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 9 -AA accouchez · thereA · thereA
  2. 10 ----AA argue · arrangements · promise · failures · outA · outA
  3. 12 --AA fail · reflection · fallA · fallA
  4. 13 AAA- sistersA · sistersA · sistersA · rest
  5. 15 ----A---A-- distance · day · companion · countenances · themA · countenance · things · sky · themA · the · companions
  6. 17 AA youA · youA
  7. 19 --AA the · immortality · oneA · oneA
  8. 20 AAAAA----- himA · himA · himA · himA · himA · fail · actress · audience · or · own
  9. 22 -A-A-A-A those · earthA · the · earthA · account · earthA · of · earthA
  10. 24 -AA- words · earthA · earthA · touch
  11. 27 --AAA-BB best · nearer · beforeA · beforeA · beforeA · direct · itB · itB
  12. 28 -AA souls · thenA · thenA
  13. 31 AB-AB-- fallA · youB · encloses · allA · youB · they · them
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
A song of the rolling earth, and of words according,13····/˘····˘/˘
Were you thinking that those were the words, those upright lines?13··/˘······˘/·
those curves, angles, dots?5··/˘·
No, those are not the words, the substantial words are in the ground15·······˘/˘·····
and sea,2··
They are in the air, they are in you.9·········
Were you thinking that those were the words, those delicious sounds14··/˘······˘/˘·
out of your friends’ mouths?5·····
No, the real words are more delicious than they.11······˘/˘··
Human bodies are words, myriads of words,11/˘/˘··/˘˘··
(In the best poems re-appears the body, man’s or woman’s,15···/˘·˘/·/˘··/˘
well-shaped, natural, gay,6··/˘˘·
Every part able, active, receptive, without shame or the need of shame.)19/˘˘·/˘/˘˘/˘········
Air, soil, water, fire--those are words,9··/˘/˘···
I myself am a word with them--my qualities interpenetrate with18··/······/˘˘······
theirs--my name is nothing to them,8····/˘··
Though it were told in the three thousand languages, what would14·······/˘/˘˘··
air, soil, water, fire, know of my name?10··/˘/˘····
A healthy presence, a friendly or commanding gesture, are words,16·/˘/˘·/˘·˘/˘/˘··
sayings, meanings,4/˘/˘
The charms that go with the mere looks of some men and women,14············/˘
are sayings and meanings also.8·/˘·/˘/˘
The workmanship of souls is by those inaudible words of the earth,17·/˘······˘/˘˘····
The masters know the earth’s words and use them more than audible words.16·/˘·········/˘˘·
Amelioration is one of the earth’s words,11˘·˘/˘······
The earth neither lags nor hastens,8··/˘··/˘
It has all attributes, growths, effects, latent in itself from the jump,17···/˘··˘//˘·˘/···
It is not half beautiful only, defects and excrescences show just as19····/˘˘/˘/˘········
much as perfections show.6··˘/˘·
The earth does not withhold, it is generous enough,13····˘/··/˘˘˘/
The truths of the earth continually wait, they are not so conceal’d either,19·····˘/˘˘˘·····˘//˘
They are calm, subtle, untransmissible by print,12···/˘·······
They are imbued through all things conveying themselves willingly,15··˘/···˘/˘˘//˘˘
Conveying a sentiment and invitation, I utter and utter,18˘/˘·/˘˘··˘/˘·/˘·/˘
I speak not, yet if you hear me not of what avail am I to you?17···········˘/····
To bear, to better, lacking these of what avail am I?14···/˘/˘···˘/··
(Accouche! accouchez!5·····
Will you rot your own fruit in yourself there?10·······˘/·
Will you squat and stifle there?)7····/˘·
The earth does not argue,6····/˘
Is not pathetic, has no arrangements,10··˘/˘··˘/˘
Does not scream, haste, persuade, threaten, promise,10····˘//˘/˘
Makes no discriminations, has no conceivable failures,15··˘·˘/˘··˘/˘˘/˘
Closes nothing, refuses nothing, shuts none out,12/˘/˘˘/˘/˘···
Of all the powers, objects, states, it notifies, shuts none out.15···/˘/˘··/˘····
The earth does not exhibit itself nor refuse to exhibit itself,18····˘/˘˘/·˘/·˘/˘˘/
possesses still underneath,7˘/˘··˘/
Underneath the ostensible sounds, the august chorus of heroes, the18·˘/·˘/˘˘··/˘/˘·/˘·
wail of slaves,3···
Persuasions of lovers, curses, gasps of the dying, laughter of young17˘/˘·/˘/˘···/˘/˘··
people, accents of bargainers,8/˘/˘·/˘˘
Underneath these possessing words that never fall.12·˘/·˘/˘··/˘·
To her children the words of the eloquent dumb great mother never fail,18··/˘····/˘˘··/˘/˘·
The true words do not fail, for motion does not fail and reflection16·······/˘····˘/˘
does not fall,3···
Also the day and night do not fall, and the voyage we pursue does not fall.19/˘·········/˘·˘/···
Of the interminable sisters,9··˘/˘˘˘/˘
Of the ceaseless cotillons of sisters,10··/˘····/˘
Of the centripetal and centrifugal sisters, the elder and younger sisters,21··˘/˘˘·˘/˘˘/˘·/˘·/˘/˘
The beautiful sister we know dances on with the rest.14·/˘˘/˘··/˘····
With her ample back towards every beholder,13··/˘···/˘˘˘/˘
With the fascinations of youth and the equal fascinations of age,18···˘/˘····/˘·˘/˘··
Sits she whom I too love like the rest, sits undisturb’d,13···········˘/
Holding up in her hand what has the character of a mirror, while her18/˘·······/˘˘··/˘··
eyes glance back from it,5·····
Glance as she sits, inviting none, denying none,12····˘/˘·˘/˘·
Holding a mirror day and night tirelessly before her own face.16/˘·/˘···/˘˘·····
Seen at hand or seen at a distance,9·······/˘
Duly the twenty-four appear in public every day,15/˘·/˘·˘/·/˘/˘˘·
Duly approach and pass with their companions or a companion,16/˘˘/····˘/˘··˘/˘
Looking from no countenances of their own, but from the countenances18/˘··/˘˘˘······/˘˘˘
of those who are with them,6······
From the countenances of children or women or the manly countenance,19··/˘˘˘·/˘·/˘··/˘/˘˘
From the open countenances of animals or from inanimate things,19··/˘/˘˘˘·/˘˘··˘/˘˘·
From the landscape or waters or from the exquisite apparition of the sky,20··/··/˘···/˘˘·˘/˘···
From our countenances, mine and yours, faithfully returning them,17·/˘/˘˘˘···/˘˘˘/˘·
Every day in public appearing without fall, but never twice with the19/˘˘··/˘˘/˘····/˘···
same companions.4·˘/˘
Tumbling on steadily, nothing dreading,11/˘˘·/˘˘/˘/˘
Sunshine, storm, cold, heat, forever withstanding, passing, carrying,16/····˘/˘˘/˘/˘/˘˘
The soul’s realization and determination still inheriting,17··/˘/˘·˘·˘/˘·˘/˘˘
The fluid vacuum around and ahead still entering and dividing,18·/˘/˘···˘/·/˘˘·˘/˘
No balk retarding, no anchor anchoring, on no rock striking,16··˘/˘·/˘/˘˘···/˘
Swift, glad, content, unbereav’d, nothing losing,11··/˘···/˘/˘
Of all able and ready at any time to give strict account,16··/˘·/˘·/˘····˘/
The divine ship sails the divine sea.9·˘/···˘/·
Whoever you are! motion and reflection are especially for you,17˘/˘··/˘·˘/˘·˘/˘··
The divine ship sails the divine sea for you.11·˘/···˘/···
Whoever you are! you are he or she for whom the earth is solid and liquid,20˘/˘············/˘·/˘
You are he or she for whom the sun and moon hang in the sky,15···············
For none more than you are the present and the past,12·······/˘···
For none more than you is immortality.11·······˘/˘˘
Each man to himself and each woman to herself, is the word of the17···˘/··/˘·˘/·····
past and present, and the true word of immortality;14··/˘······˘/˘˘
No one can acquire for another--not one,12···˘/˘·˘/˘··
Not one can grow for another--not one.10·····˘/˘··
The song is to the singer, and comes back most to him,13·····/˘······
The teaching is to the teacher, and comes back most to him,14·/˘···/˘······
The murder is to the murderer, and comes back most to him,15·/˘···/˘˘······
The theft is to the thief, and comes back most to him,12············
The love is to the lover, and comes back most to him,13·····/˘······
The gift is to the giver, and comes back most to him--it cannot fail,17·····/˘·······/˘·
The oration is to the orator, the acting is to the actor and actress21·˘/˘···/˘˘·/˘···/˘·/˘
not to the audience,6···/˘˘
And no man understands any greatness or goodness but his own, or17····˘//˘/˘·/˘····
the indication of his own.8··˘/˘···
I swear the earth shall surely be complete to him or her who shall16·····/˘·˘/······
be complete,3·˘/
The earth remains jagged and broken only to him or her who remains17··˘/··/˘/˘·····˘/
jagged and broken.4··/˘
I swear there is no greatness or power that does not emulate those17·····/˘·/˘···/˘··
of the earth,3···
There can be no theory of any account unless it corroborate the19····/˘·/˘˘/···˘/˘··
theory of the earth,5/˘···
No politics, song, religion, behavior, or what not, is of account,18·/˘··˘/˘˘/˘·····˘/
unless it compare with the amplitude of the earth,13···˘/··/˘····
Unless it face the exactness, vitality, impartiality, rectitude of22·····˘/˘˘/˘˘˘·˘/˘˘/˘··
the earth.2··
I swear I begin to see love with sweeter spasms than that which16···˘/····/˘/˘···
responds love,3˘/·
It is that which contains itself, which never invites and never refuses.19····˘/˘/·/˘˘/·/˘˘/˘
I swear I begin to see little or nothing in audible words,17···˘/··/˘·/˘·/˘˘·
All merges toward the presentation of the unspoken meanings of the earth,20·/˘····˘/˘··˘/˘/˘···
Toward him who sings the songs of the body and of the truths of the earth,18·········/˘·······
Toward him who makes the dictionaries of words that print cannot touch.17······/˘·˘····/˘·
I swear I see what is better than to tell the best,13······/˘·····
It is always to leave the best untold.10··/·····˘/
When I undertake to tell the best I find I cannot,14··/˘········/˘
My tongue is ineffectual on its pivots,12····˘/˘˘··/˘
My breath will not be obedient to its organs,13·····˘/˘˘··/˘
I become a dumb man.6·˘/···
The best of the earth cannot be told anyhow, all or any is best,18·····/˘··/˘···/˘··
It is not what you anticipated, it is cheaper, easier, nearer,19·····˘/˘·˘··/˘/˘˘/˘
Things are not dismiss’d from the places they held before,13···˘/··/˘····
The earth is just as positive and direct as it was before,16·····/˘˘·˘/·····
Facts, religions, improvements, politics, trades, are as real as before,17·˘/˘˘/˘/˘········
But the soul is also real, it too is positive and direct,16····/˘····/˘˘·˘/
No reasoning, no proof has establish’d it,11·/˘˘···˘/˘·
Undeniable growth has establish’d it.11·˘/˘˘··˘/˘·
These to echo the tones of souls and the phrases of souls,14··/˘······/˘··
(If they did not echo the phrases of souls what were they then?15····/˘·/˘······
If they had not reference to you in especial what were they then?)17····/˘˘···˘/˘····
I swear I will never henceforth have to do with the faith that tells16····/˘//········
the best,2··
I will have to do only with that faith that leaves the best untold.16·····/˘·······˘/
Say on, sayers! sing on, singers!8··/˘··/˘
Delve! mould! pile the words of the earth!8········
Work on, age after age, nothing is to be lost,12······/˘····
It may have to wait long, but it will certainly come in use,15·········/˘˘···
When the materials are all prepared and ready, the architects shall appear.20··˘/˘˘··˘/·/˘·/˘··˘/
I swear to you the architects shall appear without fall,14·····/˘··˘/···
I swear to you they will understand you and justify you,15·······˘/··/˘··
The greatest among them shall be he who best knows you, and encloses17·/˘···········˘/˘
all and is faithful to all,7···/˘··
He and the rest shall not forget you, they shall perceive that you15······˘/···˘/··
are not an iota less than they,9···˘/˘···
You shall be fully glorified in them.10···/˘/˘···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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