Book IX: Song of the Answerer
Now list to my morning’s romanza, I tell the signs of the Answerer,To the cities and farms I sing as they spread in the sunshine before me.
Him all wait for, him all yield up to, his word is decisive and final,Him they accept, in him lave, in him perceive themselves as amid light,Him they immerse and he immerses them.
Beautiful women, the haughtiest nations, laws, the landscape,people, animals,The profound earth and its attributes and the unquiet ocean, (sotell I my morning’s romanza,)All enjoyments and properties and money, and whatever money will buy,The best farms, others toiling and planting and he unavoidably reaps,The noblest and costliest cities, others grading and building and hedomiciles there,Nothing for any one but what is for him, near and far are for him,the ships in the offing,The perpetual shows and marches on land are for him if they are for anybody.
He puts things in their attitudes,He puts to-day out of himself with plasticity and love,He places his own times, reminiscences, parents, brothers andsisters, associations, employment, politics, so that the restnever shame them afterward, nor assume to command them.
He is the Answerer,What can be answer’d he answers, and what cannot be answer’d heshows how it cannot be answer’d.
A man is a summons and challenge,(It is vain to skulk--do you hear that mocking and laughter? do youhear the ironical echoes?)
Books, friendships, philosophers, priests, action, pleasure, pride,beat up and down seeking to give satisfaction,He indicates the satisfaction, and indicates them that beat up anddown also.
Whichever the sex, whatever the season or place, he may go freshlyand gently and safely by day or by night,He has the pass-key of hearts, to him the response of the prying ofhands on the knobs.
His welcome is universal, the flow of beauty is not more welcome oruniversal than he is,The person he favors by day or sleeps with at night is blessed.
Every existence has its idiom, every thing has an idiom and tongue,He resolves all tongues into his own and bestows it upon men, andany man translates, and any man translates himself also,One part does not counteract another part, he is the joiner, he seeshow they join.
He says indifferently and alike How are you friend? to the Presidentat his levee,And he says Good-day my brother, to Cudge that hoes in the sugar-field,And both understand him and know that his speech is right.
He walks with perfect ease in the capitol,He walks among the Congress, and one Representative says to another,Here is our equal appearing and new.
Then the mechanics take him for a mechanic,And the soldiers suppose him to be a soldier, and the sailors thathe has follow’d the sea,And the authors take him for an author, and the artists for an artist,And the laborers perceive he could labor with them and love them,No matter what the work is, that he is the one to follow it or hasfollow’d it,No matter what the nation, that he might find his brothers andsisters there.
The English believe he comes of their English stock,A Jew to the Jew he seems, a Russ to the Russ, usual and near,removed from none.
Whoever he looks at in the traveler’s coffee-house claims him,The Italian or Frenchman is sure, the German is sure, the Spaniardis sure, and the island Cuban is sure,The engineer, the deck-hand on the great lakes, or on the Mississippior St. Lawrence or Sacramento, or Hudson or Paumanok sound, claims him.
The gentleman of perfect blood acknowledges his perfect blood,The insulter, the prostitute, the angry person, the beggar, seethemselves in the ways of him, he strangely transmutes them,They are not vile any more, they hardly know themselves they are so grown.
The indications and tally of time,Perfect sanity shows the master among philosophs,Time, always without break, indicates itself in parts,What always indicates the poet is the crowd of the pleasant companyof singers, and their words,The words of the singers are the hours or minutes of the light or dark,but the words of the maker of poems are the general light and dark,The maker of poems settles justice, reality, immortality,His insight and power encircle things and the human race,He is the glory and extract thus far of things and of the human race.
The singers do not beget, only the Poet begets,The singers are welcom’d, understood, appear often enough, but rarehas the day been, likewise the spot, of the birth of the makerof poems, the Answerer,(Not every century nor every five centuries has contain’d such aday, for all its names.)
All this time and at all times wait the words of true poems,The words of true poems do not merely please,The true poets are not followers of beauty but the august masters of beauty;The greatness of sons is the exuding of the greatness of mothersand fathers,The words of true poems are the tuft and final applause of science.
Divine instinct, breadth of vision, the law of reason, health,rudeness of body, withdrawnness,Gayety, sun-tan, air-sweetness, such are some of the words of poems.
The sailor and traveler underlie the maker of poems, the Answerer,The builder, geometer, chemist, anatomist, phrenologist, artist, allthese underlie the maker of poems, the Answerer.
The words of the true poems give you more than poems,They give you to form for yourself poems, religions, politics, war,peace, behavior, histories, essays, daily life, and every thing else,They balance ranks, colors, races, creeds, and the sexes,They do not seek beauty, they are sought,Forever touching them or close upon them follows beauty, longing,fain, love-sick.
They prepare for death, yet are they not the finish, but rather the outset,They bring none to his or her terminus or to be content and full,Whom they take they take into space to behold the birth of stars, tolearn one of the meanings,To launch off with absolute faith, to sweep through the ceaselessrings and never be quiet again.
Words in this poem 32
- answerer n.
- One who answers.
- sunshine n.
- The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
- lave v. t.
- To lade, dip, or pour out. [OE. laven. See Lavish.]
- amid prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- unquiet v. t.
- To disquiet. Ld. Herbert. [1st pref. un- + quiet.]
- grading n.
- The act or method of arranging in or by grade, or of bringing, as the surface of land or a road, to the desired level or grade.
- plasticity n.
- The quality or state of being plastic. [Cf. F. plasticité.]
- whichever pron.
- Whether one or another; whether one or the other; which; that one (of two or more) which; as, whichever road you take, it will lead you to town.
- prying a.
- Inspecting closely or impertinently.
- joiner n.
- One who, or that which, joins.
- indifferently adv.
- In an indifferent manner; without distinction or preference; impartially; without concern, wish, affection, or aversion; tolerably; passably.
- levee n.
- The act of rising. [F. lever, fr. lever to raise, se lever to rise. See Lever, n.]
- capitol
- The temple of Jupiter, at Rome, on the Mona Capitolinus, where the Senate met. [L. capitolium, fr. caput head: cf. F. capitole. See Chief.]
- congress n.
- A meeting of individuals, whether friendly or hostile; an encounter. [L. congressus, fr. congredi, p.p. -gressus, to go or come together; con- + grati to go or step, gradus step: cf. F. congr. See Grade.]
- artist n.
- One who practices some mechanic art or craft; an artisan. [F. artiste, LL. artista, fr. L. ars. See Art, n., and cf. Artiste.]
- russ n.
- A Russian, or the Russians.
- whoever pron.
- Whatever person; any person who; be or she who; any one who; as, he shall be punished, whoever he may be.
- frenchman n.
- A native or one of the people of France.
- spaniard n.
- A native or inhabitant of Spain.
- cuban a.
- Of or pertaining to Cuba or its inhabitants.
- insulter n.
- One who insults.
- angry a.
- Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
- strangely adv.
- As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to something foreign and strange.
- sanity n.
- The condition or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or mind, especially of the mind; saneness. [L. saniras, from sanus sound, healthy. See Sane.]
- insight n.
- A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; -- frequently used with into.
- underlie v. t.
- To lie under; to rest beneath; to be situated under; as, a stratum of clay underlies the surface gravel. [AS. underlicgan. See Under, and Lie to be prostrate.]
- geometer n.
- One skilled in geometry; a geometrician; a mathematician. I. [F. géomètre, L. geometres, geometra, fr. Gr. Meter measure.]
- phrenologist n.
- One versed in phrenology; a craniologist. [Cf. F. phrénologiste.]
- fain v. t.
- To be glad ; to wish or desire.
- outset n.
- A setting out, starting, or beginning.
- terminus n.
- Literally, a boundary; a border; a limit. [L. See Term.]
- ceaseless a.
- Without pause or end; incessant.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Book IX: Song of the Answerer is in the public domain. This text is taken from Leaves of Grass, Project Gutenberg ebook #1322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Walt Whitman, Book IX: Song of the Answerer, in Leaves of Grass (1855–1892), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whitman-leaves/book-ix-song-of-the-answerer.html, id L03898.
Form and metre
Book IX: Song of the Answerer is 112 lines in 23 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. 73% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 13.6 syllables. 38 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 24% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 3 ----A-A---- landscape · animals · so · romanza · buyA · reaps · heA · there · him · offing · anybody
- 15 A---A himA · spaniard · sure · mississippi · himA
- 17 -----AA-BB time · philosophs · parts · company · words · darkA · darkA · immortality · raceB · raceB
- 19 -A-AA- poems · pleaseA · beauty · mothersA · fathersA · science
- 21 A-A answererA · all · answererA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Now list to my morning’s romanza, I tell the signs of the Answerer, | 18 | ····/˘˘/˘······/˘˘ |
| To the cities and farms I sing as they spread in the sunshine before me. | 18 | ··/˘·········/···· |
| Him all wait for, him all yield up to, his word is decisive and final, | 18 | ············˘/˘·/˘ |
| Him they accept, in him lave, in him perceive themselves as amid light, | 17 | ··˘/·····˘/˘/·˘/· |
| Him they immerse and he immerses them. | 10 | ··˘/··˘/˘· |
| Beautiful women, the haughtiest nations, laws, the landscape, | 14 | /˘˘/˘···/˘··/· |
| people, animals, | 5 | /˘/˘˘ |
| The profound earth and its attributes and the unquiet ocean, (so | 17 | ·˘/···/˘···˘/˘/˘· |
| tell I my morning’s romanza,) | 8 | ···/˘˘/˘ |
| All enjoyments and properties and money, and whatever money will buy, | 19 | ·˘/˘·/˘˘·/˘··/˘/˘·· |
| The best farms, others toiling and planting and he unavoidably reaps, | 18 | ···/˘/˘·/˘···˘/˘˘· |
| The noblest and costliest cities, others grading and building and he | 18 | ·/˘·/˘˘/˘/˘/˘·/˘·· |
| domiciles there, | 4 | ···· |
| Nothing for any one but what is for him, near and far are for him, | 17 | /˘·/˘············ |
| the ships in the offing, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| The perpetual shows and marches on land are for him if they are for anybody. | 22 | ·˘/˘˘··/˘·········/˘˘˘ |
| He puts things in their attitudes, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| He puts to-day out of himself with plasticity and love, | 15 | ······˘/·˘/˘˘·· |
| He places his own times, reminiscences, parents, brothers and | 16 | ·/˘····˘/˘˘/˘/˘· |
| sisters, associations, employment, politics, so that the rest | 17 | /˘˘·˘/˘˘/˘/˘····· |
| never shame them afterward, nor assume to command them. | 14 | /˘··/˘˘·˘/·˘/· |
| He is the Answerer, | 6 | ···/˘˘ |
| What can be answer’d he answers, and what cannot be answer’d he | 16 | ···/˘·/˘··/˘·/˘· |
| shows how it cannot be answer’d. | 8 | ···/˘·/˘ |
| A man is a summons and challenge, | 9 | ····/˘·/˘ |
| (It is vain to skulk--do you hear that mocking and laughter? do you | 16 | ·········/˘·/˘·· |
| hear the ironical echoes?) | 8 | ··˘/˘˘/˘ |
| Books, friendships, philosophers, priests, action, pleasure, pride, | 13 | ·/˘˘/˘˘·/˘/˘· |
| beat up and down seeking to give satisfaction, | 12 | ····/˘···˘/˘ |
| He indicates the satisfaction, and indicates them that beat up and | 18 | ·/˘···˘/˘·/˘······ |
| down also. | 3 | ·/˘ |
| Whichever the sex, whatever the season or place, he may go freshly | 18 | ˘/˘···/˘·/˘·····/˘ |
| and gently and safely by day or by night, | 11 | ·/˘·/˘····· |
| He has the pass-key of hearts, to him the response of the prying of | 17 | ··········˘/··/˘· |
| hands on the knobs. | 4 | ···· |
| His welcome is universal, the flow of beauty is not more welcome or | 19 | ·/˘··˘/˘···/˘···/˘· |
| universal than he is, | 7 | ·˘/˘··· |
| The person he favors by day or sleeps with at night is blessed. | 15 | ·/˘·/˘········· |
| Every existence has its idiom, every thing has an idiom and tongue, | 22 | /˘˘˘/˘··/˘˘/˘˘···/˘˘·· |
| He resolves all tongues into his own and bestows it upon men, and | 17 | ·˘/·······˘/····· |
| any man translates, and any man translates himself also, | 15 | /˘·˘/·/˘·˘/˘//˘ |
| One part does not counteract another part, he is the joiner, he sees | 18 | ····/˘·˘/˘····/˘·· |
| how they join. | 3 | ··· |
| He says indifferently and alike How are you friend? to the President | 19 | ··˘/˘˘˘·˘/······/˘· |
| at his levee, | 4 | ··/˘ |
| And he says Good-day my brother, to Cudge that hoes in the sugar-field, | 17 | ······/˘······/˘· |
| And both understand him and know that his speech is right. | 13 | ···˘/········ |
| He walks with perfect ease in the capitol, | 11 | ···˘/···/˘˘ |
| He walks among the Congress, and one Representative says to another, | 19 | ·····/˘···˘/˘˘··˘/˘ |
| Here is our equal appearing and new. | 11 | ··/˘/˘˘/˘·· |
| Then the mechanics take him for a mechanic, | 12 | ··˘/˘····˘/˘ |
| And the soldiers suppose him to be a soldier, and the sailors that | 17 | ··/˘˘/····/˘··/˘· |
| he has follow’d the sea, | 6 | ··/˘·· |
| And the authors take him for an author, and the artists for an artist, | 18 | ··/˘····/˘··/˘··/˘ |
| And the laborers perceive he could labor with them and love them, | 16 | ··/˘˘˘/··/˘····· |
| No matter what the work is, that he is the one to follow it or has | 18 | ·/˘··········/˘··· |
| follow’d it, | 3 | /˘· |
| No matter what the nation, that he might find his brothers and | 15 | ·/˘··/˘·····/˘· |
| sisters there. | 3 | /˘· |
| The English believe he comes of their English stock, | 12 | ·/˘˘/····/˘· |
| A Jew to the Jew he seems, a Russ to the Russ, usual and near, | 17 | ············/˘˘·· |
| removed from none. | 4 | ˘/·· |
| Whoever he looks at in the traveler’s coffee-house claims him, | 16 | ˘/˘·····/˘˘/˘··· |
| The Italian or Frenchman is sure, the German is sure, the Spaniard | 17 | ·˘/˘·/˘···/˘···/˘ |
| is sure, and the island Cuban is sure, | 10 | ····/˘/˘·· |
| The engineer, the deck-hand on the great lakes, or on the Mississippi | 18 | ·/˘/···········˘/˘ |
| or St. Lawrence or Sacramento, or Hudson or Paumanok sound, claims him. | 19 | ··/˘··˘/˘·/˘······· |
| The gentleman of perfect blood acknowledges his perfect blood, | 16 | ·/˘˘·˘/·˘/˘˘·˘/· |
| The insulter, the prostitute, the angry person, the beggar, see | 17 | ·˘/˘·/˘··/˘/˘·/˘· |
| themselves in the ways of him, he strangely transmutes them, | 13 | ˘/······/˘··· |
| They are not vile any more, they hardly know themselves they are so grown. | 17 | ····/˘··/˘·˘/···· |
| The indications and tally of time, | 10 | ··˘/˘·/˘·· |
| Perfect sanity shows the master among philosophs, | 14 | ˘//˘˘··/˘····· |
| Time, always without break, indicates itself in parts, | 13 | ·/····/˘·˘/·· |
| What always indicates the poet is the crowd of the pleasant company | 19 | ·/·/˘··/˘·····/˘/˘˘ |
| of singers, and their words, | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| The words of the singers are the hours or minutes of the light or dark, | 18 | ····/˘··/˘·/˘····· |
| but the words of the maker of poems are the general light and dark, | 18 | ·····/˘·/˘··/˘˘··· |
| The maker of poems settles justice, reality, immortality, | 19 | ·/˘·/˘/˘/˘˘/˘˘·˘/˘˘ |
| His insight and power encircle things and the human race, | 15 | ·/··/˘˘/˘···/˘· |
| He is the glory and extract thus far of things and of the human race. | 18 | ···/˘·˘/·······/˘· |
| The singers do not beget, only the Poet begets, | 14 | ·/˘··˘//˘·/˘˘/ |
| The singers are welcom’d, understood, appear often enough, but rare | 17 | ·/˘·/˘·˘/˘//˘˘/·· |
| has the day been, likewise the spot, of the birth of the maker | 15 | ····/········/˘ |
| of poems, the Answerer, | 7 | ·/˘·/˘˘ |
| (Not every century nor every five centuries has contain’d such a | 20 | ·/˘˘/˘˘·/˘˘·/˘˘·˘/·· |
| day, for all its names.) | 5 | ····· |
| All this time and at all times wait the words of true poems, | 14 | ············/˘ |
| The words of true poems do not merely please, | 11 | ····/˘··/˘· |
| The true poets are not followers of beauty but the august masters of beauty; | 21 | ··/˘··/˘˘·/˘··/˘/˘·/˘ |
| The greatness of sons is the exuding of the greatness of mothers | 17 | ·/˘····˘/˘··/˘·/˘ |
| and fathers, | 3 | ·/˘ |
| The words of true poems are the tuft and final applause of science. | 17 | ····/˘····/˘˘/·/˘ |
| Divine instinct, breadth of vision, the law of reason, health, | 14 | ˘//˘··/˘···/˘· |
| rudeness of body, withdrawnness, | 8 | /˘·/˘··· |
| Gayety, sun-tan, air-sweetness, such are some of the words of poems. | 17 | /˘˘···/˘·······/˘ |
| The sailor and traveler underlie the maker of poems, the Answerer, | 20 | ·/˘·/˘˘·˘/·/˘·/˘·/˘˘ |
| The builder, geometer, chemist, anatomist, phrenologist, artist, all | 20 | ·/˘˘/˘˘/˘˘/˘˘˘/˘˘/˘· |
| these underlie the maker of poems, the Answerer. | 14 | ··˘/·/˘·/˘·/˘˘ |
| The words of the true poems give you more than poems, | 13 | ·····/˘····/˘ |
| They give you to form for yourself poems, religions, politics, war, | 17 | ······˘//˘˘/˘/˘·· |
| peace, behavior, histories, essays, daily life, and every thing else, | 18 | ·˘/˘/˘˘˘//˘··/˘˘·· |
| They balance ranks, colors, races, creeds, and the sexes, | 13 | ·/˘·/˘/˘···/˘ |
| They do not seek beauty, they are sought, | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| Forever touching them or close upon them follows beauty, longing, | 17 | ˘/˘/˘······/˘/˘/˘ |
| fain, love-sick. | 3 | ··· |
| They prepare for death, yet are they not the finish, but rather the outset, | 18 | ·˘/·······/˘·/˘·/· |
| They bring none to his or her terminus or to be content and full, | 17 | ·······/˘˘···/˘·· |
| Whom they take they take into space to behold the birth of stars, to | 16 | ·········˘/····· |
| learn one of the meanings, | 6 | ····/˘ |
| To launch off with absolute faith, to sweep through the ceaseless | 14 | ····/˘······/˘ |
| rings and never be quiet again. | 9 | ··/˘·/˘˘/ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.