A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest, and the Road Unknown

Walt Whitman (1819–1892) · 1855–1892

Free verse · 33 lines · from Leaves of Grass

A march in the ranks hard-prest, and the road unknown,A route through a heavy wood with muffled steps in the darkness,Our army foil’d with loss severe, and the sullen remnant retreating,Till after midnight glimmer upon us the lights of a dim-lighted building,We come to an open space in the woods, and halt by the dim-lighted building,’Tis a large old church at the crossing roads, now an impromptu hospital,Entering but for a minute I see a sight beyond all the pictures andpoems ever made,Shadows of deepest, deepest black, just lit by moving candles and lamps,And by one great pitchy torch stationary with wild red flame andclouds of smoke,By these, crowds, groups of forms vaguely I see on the floor, somein the pews laid down,At my feet more distinctly a soldier, a mere lad, in danger ofbleeding to death, (he is shot in the abdomen,)I stanch the blood temporarily, (the youngster’s face is white as a lily,)Then before I depart I sweep my eyes o’er the scene fain to absorb it all,Faces, varieties, postures beyond description, most in obscurity,some of them dead,Surgeons operating, attendants holding lights, the smell of ether,odor of blood,The crowd, O the crowd of the bloody forms, the yard outside also fill’d,Some on the bare ground, some on planks or stretchers, some in thedeath-spasm sweating,An occasional scream or cry, the doctor’s shouted orders or calls,The glisten of the little steel instruments catching the glint ofthe torches,These I resume as I chant, I see again the forms, I smell the odor,Then hear outside the orders given, Fall in, my men, fall in;But first I bend to the dying lad, his eyes open, a half-smile gives he me,Then the eyes close, calmly close, and I speed forth to the darkness,Resuming, marching, ever in darkness marching, on in the ranks,The unknown road still marching.

Words in this poem

prest a.
Ready; prompt; prepared. [OF. prest, F. prêt, fr. L. praestus ready. Cf. Presto.]
route n.
The course or way which is traveled or passed, or is to be passed; a passing; a course; a road or path; a march. [OE. & F. route, OF. rote, fr. L. rupta (sc. via), fr. ruptus, p.p. of rumpere to break; hence, literally, a broken or beaten way or path. See Rout, and cf. Rut ]
sullen a.
Lonely; solitary; desolate. Wyclif (Job iii. 14). [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]
impromptu adv.
Offhand; without previous study; extemporaneous; extempore; as, an impromptu verse. [F. impromptu, fr. L. in promptu in readiness, at hand; in in + promptus visibility, readiness, from promptus visible, ready. See Prompt.]
hospital n.
A place for shelter or entertainment; an inn. [OF. hospital, ospital, F. hôpital, LL. hospitale (or perh. E. hospital is directly from the Late Latin), from L. hospitalis relating to a guest, hospitalia apar]
pitchy a.
Partaking of the qualities of pitch; resembling pitch. [From 1st Pitch.]
youngster n.
A young person; a youngling; a lad.
depart v. i.
To part; to divide; to separate. [OE. departen to divide, part, depart, F. départir to divide, distribute, se départir to separate one's self, depart; pref. dé- (L. de) + partir to part, depart,]
fain v. t.
To be glad ; to wish or desire.
glint n.
A glimpse, glance, or gleam. [OE. glent.]
resume n.
A summing up; a condensed statement; an abridgment or brief recapitulation. [F. See Resume.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest, and the Road Unknown is in the public domain. This text is taken from Leaves of Grass, Project Gutenberg ebook #1322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Walt Whitman, A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest, and the Road Unknown, in Leaves of Grass (1855–1892), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/whitman-leaves/a-march-in-the-ranks-hard-prest-and-the-road-unknown.html, id L25586.

Form and metre

A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest, and the Road Unknown is 33 lines in a single stanza.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ------------A-A------------------ unknown · darkness · retreating · building · building · hospital · and · made · lamps · and · smoke · some · downA · of · abdomenA · lily · all · obscurity · dead · ether · blood · fill'd · the · sweating · calls · of · torches · odor · in · me · darkness · ranks · marching
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
A march in the ranks hard-prest, and the road unknown,12··········˘/
A route through a heavy wood with muffled steps in the darkness,15····/˘··/˘···/˘
Our army foil’d with loss severe, and the sullen remnant retreating,18/˘/˘···˘/··/˘/˘˘/˘
Till after midnight glimmer upon us the lights of a dim-lighted building,19···/·/˘········/˘/˘
We come to an open space in the woods, and halt by the dim-lighted building,19····/˘·········/˘/˘
’Tis a large old church at the crossing roads, now an impromptu hospital,18·······/˘···˘/˘/·˘
Entering but for a minute I see a sight beyond all the pictures and19/˘˘···/˘········/˘·
poems ever made,5/˘/˘·
Shadows of deepest, deepest black, just lit by moving candles and lamps,17/··/˘/˘····/˘/˘··
And by one great pitchy torch stationary with wild red flame and16····/˘·/˘·˘·····
clouds of smoke,3···
By these, crowds, groups of forms vaguely I see on the floor, some14······/˘······
in the pews laid down,5·····
At my feet more distinctly a soldier, a mere lad, in danger of17····˘/˘·/˘····/˘·
bleeding to death, (he is shot in the abdomen,)12/˘·······˘/˘
I stanch the blood temporarily, (the youngster’s face is white as a lily,)19·····˘/˘˘·/˘·····/˘
Then before I depart I sweep my eyes o’er the scene fain to absorb it all,19····˘/·········˘/··
Faces, varieties, postures beyond description, most in obscurity,19/˘˘/˘˘/˘··˘/˘··˘/˘˘
some of them dead,4····
Surgeons operating, attendants holding lights, the smell of ether,17/˘/˘·˘˘/˘/˘····/˘
odor of blood,4/˘··
The crowd, O the crowd of the bloody forms, the yard outside also fill’d,17·······/˘···///˘·
Some on the bare ground, some on planks or stretchers, some in the14·········/˘···
death-spasm sweating,5·/˘/˘
An occasional scream or cry, the doctor’s shouted orders or calls,17·˘/˘˘····/˘/˘/˘··
The glisten of the little steel instruments catching the glint of16·/˘··/˘·/˘˘/˘···
the torches,3·/˘
These I resume as I chant, I see again the forms, I smell the odor,18··˘/·····˘/·····/˘
Then hear outside the orders given, Fall in, my men, fall in;15··//·/˘/˘······
But first I bend to the dying lad, his eyes open, a half-smile gives he me,19······/˘···/˘······
Then the eyes close, calmly close, and I speed forth to the darkness,15····/˘·······/˘
Resuming, marching, ever in darkness marching, on in the ranks,16˘/˘/˘/˘·/˘/˘····
The unknown road still marching.7·˘/··/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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